Did Jagdish Bhagwati “originate”, “pioneer”, “intellectually father” India’s 1991 economic reform? Did Manmohan Singh? Or did I, through my encounter with Rajiv Gandhi, just as Siddhartha Shankar Ray told Manmohan & his aides in Sep 1993 in Washington? Judge the evidence for yourself. And why has Amartya Sen misdescribed his work? India’s right path forward today remains what I said in my 3 Dec 2012 Delhi lecture!

August 23, 2013 — drsubrotoroy

Did Jagdish Bhagwati “originate”, “pioneer”, “intellectually father” India’s 1991 economic reform? Did Manmohan Singh? Or did I, through my encounter with Rajiv Gandhi, just as Siddhartha Shankar Ray told Manmohan & his aides in Sep 1993 in Washington? Judge the evidence for yourself. And why has Amartya Sen misdescribed his work? India’s right path forward today remains what I said in my 3 Dec 2012 Delhi lecture!

[See also “I’m on my way out”: Siddhartha Shankar Ray (1920-2010)…An Economist’s Tribute”; “Rajiv Gandhi and the Origins of India’s 1991 Economic Reform”; “Three Memoranda to Rajiv Gandhi 1990-1991″

Foundations of India’s Political Economy: Towards an Agenda for the 1990s edited by Subroto Roy & William E James, 1986-1992… pdf copy uploaded 2021

Foundations of Pakistan’s Political Economy: Towards an Agenda for the 1990s, edited by William E James & Subroto Roy, 1986-1993… pdf copy uploaded 2021

Critique of Amartya Sen: A Tragedy of Plagiarism, Fake News, Dissimulation

Part I: Facts vs Fiction, Flattery, Falsification, etc

1. Problem

2. Rajiv Gandhi, Siddhartha Shankar Ray, Milton Friedman & Myself

3. Jagdish Bhagwati & Manmohan Singh? That just don’t fly!

4. Amartya Sen’s Half-Baked Communism: “To each according to his need”?

Part II: India’s Right Road Forward Now: Some Thoughtful Analysis for Grown Ups

5. Transcending a Left-Right/Congress-BJP Divide in Indian Politics

6. Budgeting Military & Foreign Policy

7. Solving the Kashmir Problem & Relations with Pakistan

8. Dealing with Communist China

9. Towards Coherence in Public Accounting, Public Finance & Public Decision-Making

10. India’s Money: Towards Currency Integrity at Home & Abroad

Part I: Facts vs Fiction, Flattery, Falsification, etc

1. Problem

Arvind Panagariya says in the Times of India of 27 July 2013

“…if in 1991 India embraced many of the Track-I reforms, writings by Sen played no role in it… The intellectual origins of the reforms are to be found instead in the writings of Bhagwati, both solely and jointly with Padma Desai and T N Srinivasan….”

Now Amartya Sen has not claimed involvement in the 1991 economic reforms so we are left with Panagariya claiming

“The intellectual origins of the reforms are to be found instead in the writings of Bhagwati…”

Should we suppose Professor Panagariya’s master and co-author Jagdish Bhagwati himself substantially believes and claims the same? Three recent statements from Professor Bhagwati suffice by way of evidence:

(A) Bhagwati said to parliamentarians in the Lok Sabha on 2 December 2010 about the pre-1991 situation:

“This policy framework had been questioned, and its total overhaul advocated, by me and Padma Desai in writings through the late 1960s which culminated in our book, India: Planning for Industrialization (Oxford University Press: 1970) with a huge blowback at the time from virtually all the other leading economists and policymakers who were unable to think outside the box. In the end, our views prevailed and the changes which would transform the economy began, after an external payments crisis in 1991, under the forceful leadership of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh who was the Finance Minister at the time….”

**(B) Bhagwati said to Economic Times on 28 July 2013:**

“When finance minister Manmohan Singh was in New York in 1992, he had a lunch for many big CEOs whom he was trying to seduce to come to India. He also invited me and my wife, Padma Desai, to the lunch. As we came in, the FM introduced us to the invitees and said: ‘These friends of mine wrote almost a quarter century ago [India: Planning for Industrialisation was published in 1970 by Oxford] recommending all the reforms we are now undertaking. If we had accepted the advice then, we would not be having this lunch as you would already be in India’.”

**(C) And Bhagwati said in Business Standard of 9 August 2013:**

“… I was among the intellectual pioneers of the Track I reforms that transformed our economy and reduced poverty, and witness to that is provided by the Prime Minister’s many pronouncements and by noted economists like Deena Khatkhate.. I believe no one has accused Mr. Sen of being the intellectual father of these reforms. So, the fact is that this huge event in the economic life of India passed him by…”

From these pronouncements it seems fair to conclude Professors Bhagwati and Panagariya are claiming Bhagwati has been the principal author of “the intellectual origins” of India’s 1991 reforms, has been their “intellectual father” or at the very least has been “among the intellectual pioneers” of the reform (“among” his own collaborators and friends, since none else is mentioned). Bhagwati has said too his friend Manmohan Singh as Finance Minister participated in the process while quoting Manmohan as having said Bhagwati was the principal author.

Bhagwati’s opponent in current debate, Amartya Sen, has been in agreement with him that Manmohan, their common friend during college days at Cambridge in the 1950s, was a principal originating the 1991 reforms, saying to Forbes in 2006:

“When Manmohan Singh came to office in the early 1990s as the newly appointed finance minister, in a government led by the Congress Party, he knew these problems well enough, as someone who had been strongly involved in government administration for a long time.”

In my experience, such sorts of claims, even in their weakest form, have been, at best, scientifically sloppy and unscholarly, at worst mendacious suppressio veri/suggestio falsi, and in between these best and worst interpretations, examples of academic self-delusion and mutual flattery. We shall see Bhagwati’s opponent, Amartya Sen, has denied academic paternity of recent policies he has spawned while appearing to claim academic paternity of things he has not! Everyone may have reasonably expected greater self-knowledge, wisdom and scholarly values of such eminent academics. Their current spat has instead seemed to reveal something rather dismal and self-serving.

You can decide for yourself where the truth, ever such an elusive and fragile thing, happens to be and what is best done about it. Here is some evidence.

2. Rajiv Gandhi, Siddhartha Shankar Ray, Milton Friedman & Myself

Professor Arvind Panagariya is evidently an American economics professor of Indian national origin who holds the Jagdish Bhagwati Chair of Indian Political Economy at Columbia University. I am afraid I had not known his name until he mentioned my name in Economic Times of 24 October 2001. He said

In mentioning the volume “edited by Subroto Roy and William E James”, Professor Panagariya did not appear to find the normal scientific civility to identify our work by name, date or publisher. So here that is now:

This was a book published in 1992 by the late Tejeshwar Singh for Sage. It resulted from the University of Hawaii Manoa perestroika-for-India project, that I and Ted James created and led between 1986 and 1992/93. (Yes, Hawaii — not Stanford, Harvard, Yale, Columbia or even Penn, whose India-policy programs were Johnny-come-latelies a decade or more later…) There is a sister-volume too on Pakistan, created by a parallel project Ted and I had led at the same time (both now in pdf):

In 2004 from Britain, I wrote to the 9/11 Commission saying if our plan to study Afghanistan after India and Pakistan had not been thwarted by malign local forces among our sponsors themselves, we, a decade before the September 11 2001 attacks on the USA, may just have come up with a pre-emptive academic analysis. It was not to be.

Milton Friedman’s chapter that we published for the first time was a memorandum he wrote in November 1955 for the Government of India which the GoI had effectively suppressed. I came to know of it while a doctoral student at Cambridge under Frank Hahn, when at a conference at Oxford about 1979-1980, Peter Tamas Bauer sat me down beside him and told me the story. Later in Blacksburg about 1981, N. Georgescu-Roegen on a visit from Vanderbilt University told me the same thing. Specifically, Georgescu-Roegen told me that leading Indian academics had almost insulted Milton in public which Milton had borne gamely; that after Milton had given a talk in Delhi to VKRV Rao’s graduate-students, a talk Georgescu-Roegen had been present at, VKRV Rao had addressed the students and told them in all seriousness “You have heard what Professor Friedman has to say, if you repeat what he has said in your exams, you will fail”.

In 1981-1982 my doctoral thesis emerged, titled “On liberty & economic growth: preface to a philosophy for India”,

My late great master in economic theory, Frank Hahn (1925-2013), found what I had written to be a “good thesis” bringing “a good knowledge of economics and of philosophy to bear on the literature on economic planning”, saying I had shown “a good knowledge of economic theory” and my “critique of Development Economics was powerful not only on methodological but also on economic theory grounds”.

I myself said about it decades later “My original doctoral topic in 1976 ‘A monetary theory for India’ had to be altered not only due to paucity of monetary data at the time but because the problems of India’s political economy and allocation of resources in the real economy were far more pressing. The thesis that emerged in 1982 … was a full frontal assault from the point of view of microeconomic theory on the “development planning” to which everyone routinely declared their fidelity, from New Delhi’s bureaucrats and Oxford’s “development” school to McNamara’s World Bank with its Indian staffers. Frank Hahn protected my inchoate liberal arguments for India; and when no internal examiner could be found, Cambridge showed its greatness by appointing two externals, Bliss at Oxford and Hutchison at Birmingham, both Cambridge men. “Economic Theory and Development Economics” was presented to the American Economic Association in December 1982 in company of Solow, Chenery, Streeten, and other eminences…” How I landed on that eminent AEA panel in December 1982 was because its convener Professor George Rosen of the University of Illinois recruited me overnight — as a replacement for Jagdish Bhagwati, who had had to return to India suddenly because of a parental death. The results were published in 1983 in World Development.

Soon afterwards, London’s Institute of Economic Affairs published Pricing, Planning and Politics: A Study of Economic Distortions in India. This slim work (now in pdf) was the first classical liberal critique of post-Mahalonobis Indian economic thought since BR Shenoy’s original criticism decades earlier. It became the subject of The Times’ lead editorial on its day of publication 29 May 1984 — provoking the Indian High Commission in London to send copies to the Finance Ministry in Delhi where it apparently caused a stir, or so I was told years later by Amaresh Bagchi who was a recipient of it at the Ministry.

The Times had said

“When Mr. Dennis Healey in the Commons recently stated that Hongkong, with one per cent of the population of India has twice India’s trade, he was making an important point about Hongkong but an equally important point about India. If Hongkong with one per cent of its population and less than 0.03 per cert of India’s land area (without even water as a natural resource) can so outpace India, there must be something terribly wrong with the way Indian governments have managed their affairs, and there is. A paper by an Indian economist published today (Pricing, Planning and Politics: A Study of Economic Distortions in India by Subroto Roy, IEA £1.80) shows how Asia’s largest democracy is gradually being stifled by the imposition of economic policies whose woeful effect and rhetorical unreality find their echo all over the Third World. As with many of Britain’s former imperial possessions, the rot set in long before independence. But as with most of the other former dependencies, the instrument of economic regulation and bureaucratic control set up by the British has been used decisively and expansively to consolidate a statist regime which inhibits free enterprise, minimizes economic success and consolidates the power of government in all spheres of the economy. We hear little of this side of things when India rattles the borrowing bowl or denigrates her creditors for want of further munificence. How could Indian officials explain their poor performance relative to Hongkong? Dr Roy has the answers for them. He lists the causes as a large and heavily subsidized public sector, labyrinthine control over private enterprise, forcibly depressed agricultural prices, massive import substitution, government monopoly of foreign exchange transactions, artificially overvalued currency and the extensive politicization of the labour market, not to mention the corruption which is an inevitable side effect of an economy which depends on the arbitrament of bureaucrats. The first Indian government under Nehru took its cue from Nehru’s admiration of the Soviet economy, which led him to believe that the only policy for India was socialism in which there would be “no private property except in a restricted sense and the replacement of the private profit system by a higher ideal of cooperative service.” Consequently, the Indian government has now either a full monopoly or is one of a few oligipolists in banking, insurance, railways, airlines, cement, steel, chemicals, fertilizers, ship-building, breweries, telephones and wrist-watches. No businessman can expand his operation while there is any surplus capacity anywhere in that sector. He needs government approval to modernize, alter his price-structure, or change his labour shift. It is not surprising that a recent study of those developing countries which account for most manufactured exports from the Third World shows that India’s share fell from 65 percent in 1953 to 10 per cent in 1973; nor, with the numerous restrictions on inter-state movement of grains, that India has over the years suffered more from an inability to cope with famine than during the Raj when famine drill was centrally organized and skillfully executed without restriction. Nehru’s attraction for the Soviet model has been inherited by his daughter, Mrs. Gandhi. Her policies have clearly positioned India more towards the Soviet Union than the West. The consequences of this, as Dr Roy states, is that a bias can be seen in “the antipathy and pessimism towards market institutions found among the urban public, and sympathy and optimism to be found for collectivist or statist ones.” All that India has to show for it is the delivery of thousands of tanks in exchange for bartered goods, and the erection of steel mills and other heavy industry which help to perpetuate the unfortunate obsession with industrial performance at the expense of agricultural growth and the relief of rural poverty.”…..

**I felt there were inaccuracies in this and so replied dated 4 June which The Times published on 16 June 1984:**

Milton and I met for the first time in the Fall of 1984 at the Mont Pelerin Society meetings at Cambridge when I gave him a copy of the IEA monograph, which he came to think extremely well of. I told him I had heard of his 1955 document and asked him for it; he sent me the original blue/purple version of this soon thereafter.

[That original document was, incidentally, in my professorial office among all my books, papers, theses and other academic items including my gown when I was attacked in 2003 by a corrupt gang at IIT Kharagpur — all yet to be returned to me by IIT despite a High Court order during my present ongoing battle against corruption there over a USD 1.9 million scam !… Without having ever wished to, I have had to battle India’s notorious corruption first hand for a decade!]

I published Milton’s document for the first time on 21 May 1989 at the conference of the Hawaii project over the loud objection of assorted leftists…

Amartya Sen, Jagdish Bhagwati, Manmohan Singh or any of their acolytes will not be seen in this group photograph dated 21 May 1989 at the UH President’s House, because they were not there. The Government of India was represented by the Ambassador to Washington, PK Kaul, as well as the Consul General in San Francisco, KS Rana (later Ambassador to Germany), besides the founding head of ICRIER who had invited himself.

Manmohan Singh was not there as he precisely represented the Indian economic policy establishment I had been determined to reform! In any case, he had left India about 1987 on his last assignment before retirement, with Julius Nyerere of Tanzania relating to the “South-South Commission”.

I have said over more than a half dozen years now that there is no evidence whatsoever of Manmohan Singh having been a liberal economist in any sense of that word at any time before 1991, and scant evidence that he originated any liberal economic ideas since. The widespread worldwide notion that he is to be credited for originating a sudden transformation of India from a path of pseudo-socialism to one of pseudo-liberalism has been without basis in evidence — almost entirely a political fiction, though an explicable one and one which has served, as such political fictions do, the purposes of those who invent them.

Jagdish Bhagwati and Amartya Sen were in their mid 50s and were two of the three senior-most Indians in US academic economics at the time. I and Ted James, both in our 30s, decided to invite both Bhagwati and Sen to the Hawaii project-conference as distinguished guests but to do so somewhat insincerely late in the day, predicting they would decline, which is what they did, yet they had come to be formally informed of what we were doing. We had a very serious attitude that was inspired a bit, I might say, by Oppenheimer’s secret “Manhattan project” and we wanted neither press-publicity nor anyone to become the star who ended up hogging the microphone or the limelight.

Besides, and most important of all, neither Bhagwati nor Sen had done work in the areas we were centrally interested in, namely, India’s macroeconomic and foreign trade framework and fiscal and monetary policies.

Bhagwati, after his excellent 1970 work with Padma Desai for the OECD on Indian industry and trade, also co-authored with TN Srinivasan a fine 1975 volume for the NBER Foreign Trade Regimes and Economic Development: India.

TN Srinivasan was the third of the three senior-most Indian economists at the time in US academia; his work made us want to invite him as one of our main economic authors, and we charged him with writing the excellent chapter in Foundations that he came to do titled “Planning and Foreign Trade Reconsidered”.

The other main economist author we had hoped for was Sukhamoy Chakravarty from Delhi University and the Government of India’s Planning Commission, whom I had known since 1977 when I had been given his office at the Delhi School of Economics as a Visiting Assistant Professor while he was on sabbatical; despite my pleading he would not come due to ill health; he strongly recommended C Rangarajan, telling me Rangarajan had been the main author with him of the crucial 1985 RBI report on monetary policy; and he signed and gave me his last personal copy of that report dating it 14 July 1987. Rangarajan said he could not come and recommended the head of the NIPFP, Amaresh Bagchi, promising to write jointly with him the chapter on monetary policy and public finance.

Along with Milton Friedman’s suppressed 1955 memorandum which I was publishing for the first time in 1989, TN Srinivasan and Amaresh Bagchi authored the three main economic policy chapters that we felt we wanted.

Other chapters we commissioned had to do with the state of governance (James Manor), federalism (Bhagwan Dua), Punjab and similar problems (PR Brass), agriculture (K Subbarao, as proposed by CH Hanumantha Rao), health (Anil Deolalikar, through open advertisement), and a historical assessment of the roots of economic policy (BR Tomlinson, as proposed by Anil Seal). On the vital subject of education we failed to agree with the expert we wanted very much (JBG Tilak, as proposed by George Psacharopolous) and so we had to cover the subject cursorily in our introduction mentioning his work. And decades later, I apologised to Professor Dietmar Rothermund of Heidelberg University for having been so blinkered in the Anglo-American tradition at the time as to not having obtained his participation in the project.

[The sister-volume we commissioned in parallel on Pakistan’s political economy had among its authors Francis Robinson, Akbar Ahmed, Shirin Tahir-Kehli, Robert La Porte, Shahid Javed Burki, Mohsin Khan, Mahmood Hasan Khan, Naved Hamid, John Adams and Shahrukh Khan; this book came to be published in Pakistan in 1993 to good reviews but apparently was then lost by its publisher and is yet to be found; the military and religious clergy had been deliberately not invited by us though the name of Pervez Musharraf had I think arisen, and the military and religious clergy in fact came to rule the roost through the 1990s in Pakistan; the volume, two decades old, takes on fresh relevance with the new civilian governments of recent years.] [Postscript 27 November 2015: See my strident critique at Twitter of KM Kasuri, P Musharraf et al e.g. at https://independentindian.com/2011/11/22/pakistans-point-of-view-or-points-of-view-on-kashmir-my-as-yet-undelivered-lahore-lecture-part-i/ passing off ideas they have taken from this volume without acknowledgement, ideas which have in any case become defunct to their author, myself.]

Milton himself said this about his experience with me in his memoirs:

And Milton wrote on my behalf when I came to be attacked, being Indian, at the very University that had sponsored us:

My obituary notice at his passing in 2006 said: “My association with Milton has been the zenith of my engagement with academic economics…. I was a doctoral student of his bitter enemy yet for over two decades he not only treated me with unfailing courtesy and affection, he supported me in lonely righteous battles: doing for me what he said he had never done before, which was to stand as an expert witness in a United States Federal Court. I will miss him much though I know that he, as a man of reason, would not have wished me to….”

In August 1990 in Delhi I came to tell Siddhartha Shankar Ray about the unpublished India-manuscript resulting from the Hawaii project that was in my possession as it headed to its publisher.

Ray was a family-friend whose maternal grandfather CR Das led the Congress Party before MK Gandhi and had been a friend and colleague of my great grandfather SN Roy in Bengal’s politics in the 1920s; Ray had also consented to stand on my behalf as Senior Counsel in a matter in the Supreme Court of India.

Ray was involved in daily political parlays at his Delhi home with other Congress Party personages led by PV Narasimha Rao. These senior regional figures seemed to me to be keeping their national leader, Rajiv Gandhi, aloof in splendid isolation at 10 Jan Path.

Ray told me he and his wife had been in London in May 1984 on the day The Times had written its lead editorial on my work and they had seen it with excitement. Upon hearing of the Hawaii project and the manuscript I had with me, Ray immediately insisted of his own accord that I must meet Rajiv Gandhi, and that he would be arranging a meeting.

Hence it came to be a month later that a copy of the manuscript of the completed Hawaii project was be given by my hand on 18 September 1990 to Rajiv Gandhi, then Leader of the Opposition and Congress President, an encounter I have quite fully described elsewhere. I offered to get a copy to the PM, VP Singh, too but a key aide of his showed no interest in receiving it.

Rajiv made me a senior adviser, and I have claimed principal authorship of the 22 March 1991 draft of the Congress manifesto that actually shook and changed the political thinking of the Congress on economic matters in the direction Rajiv had desired and as I had advised him at our initial 18 September 1990 meeting.

“… He began by talking about how important he felt panchayati raj was, and said he had been on the verge of passing major legislation on it but then lost the election. He asked me if I could spend some time thinking about it, and that he would get the papers sent to me. I said I would and remarked panchayati raj might be seen as decentralized provision of public goods, and gave the economist’s definition of public goods as those essential for the functioning of the market economy, like the Rule of Law, roads, fresh water, and sanitation, but which were unlikely to appear through competitive forces.

I distinguished between federal, state and local levels and said many of the most significant public goods were best provided locally. Rajiv had not heard the term “public goods” before, and he beamed a smile and his eyes lit up as he voiced the words slowly, seeming to like the concept immensely. It occurred to me he had been by choice a pilot of commercial aircraft. Now he seemed intrigued to find there could be systematic ways of thinking about navigating a country’s governance by common pursuit of reasonable judgement. I said the public sector’s wastefulness had drained scarce resources that should have gone instead to provide public goods. Since the public sector was owned by the public, it could be privatised by giving away its shares to the public, preferably to panchayats of the poorest villages. The shares would become tradable, drawing out black money, and inducing a historic redistribution of wealth while at the same time achieving greater efficiency by transferring the public sector to private hands. Rajiv seemed to like that idea too, and said he tried to follow a maxim of Indira Gandhi’s that every policy should be seen in terms of how it affected the common man. I wryly said the common man often spent away his money on alcohol, to which he said at once it might be better to think of the common woman instead. (This remark of Rajiv’s may have influenced the “aam admi” slogan of the 2004 election, as all Congress Lok Sabha MPs of the previous Parliament came to receive a previous version of the present narrative.)

Our project had identified the Congress’s lack of internal elections as a problem; when I raised it, Rajiv spoke of how he, as Congress President, had been trying to tackle the issue of bogus electoral rolls. I said the judiciary seemed to be in a mess due to the backlog of cases; many of which seemed related to land or rent control, and it may be risky to move towards a free economy without a properly functioning judicial system or at least a viable system of contractual enforcement. I said a lot of problems which should be handled by the law in the courts in India were instead getting politicised and decided on the streets. Rajiv had seen the problems of the judiciary and said he had good relations with the Chief Justice’s office, which could be put to use to improve the working of the judiciary.

The project had worked on Pakistan as well, and I went on to say we should solve the problem with Pakistan in a definitive manner. Rajiv spoke of how close his government had been in 1988 to a mutual withdrawal from Siachen. But Zia-ul-Haq was then killed and it became more difficult to implement the same thing with Benazir Bhutto, because, he said, as a democrat, she was playing to anti-Indian sentiments while he had found it somewhat easier to deal with the military. I pressed him on the long-term future relationship between the countries and he agreed a common market was the only real long-term solution. I wondered if he could find himself in a position to make a bold move like offering to go to Pakistan and addressing their Parliament to break the impasse. He did not say anything but seemed to think about the idea. Rajiv mentioned a recent Time magazine cover of Indian naval potential, which had caused an excessive stir in Delhi. He then talked about his visit to China, which seemed to him an important step towards normalization. He said he had not seen (or been shown) any absolute poverty in China of the sort we have in India. He talked about the Gulf situation, saying he did not disagree with the embargo of Iraq except he wished the ships enforcing the embargo had been under the U.N. flag. The meeting seemed to go on and on, and I was embarrassed at perhaps having taken too much time and that he was being too polite to get me to go. V. George had interrupted with news that Sheila Dixit (as I recall) had just been arrested by the U. P. Government, and there were evidently people waiting. Just before we finally stood up I expressed a hope that he was looking to the future of India with an eye to a modern political and economic agenda for the next election, rather than getting bogged down with domestic political events of the moment. That was the kind of hopefulness that had attracted many of my generation in 1985. I said I would happily work in any way to help define a long-term agenda. His eyes lit up and as we shook hands to say goodbye, he said he would be in touch with me again…. The next day I was called and asked to stay in Delhi for a few days, as Mr. Gandhi wanted me to meet some people…..

… That night Krishna Rao dropped me at Tughlak Road where I used to stay with friends. In the car I told him, as he was a military man with heavy security cover for himself as a former Governor of J&K, that it seemed to me Rajiv’s security was being unprofessionally handled, that he was vulnerable to a professional assassin. Krishna Rao asked me if I had seen anything specific by way of vulnerability. With John Kennedy and De Gaulle in mind, I said I feared Rajiv was open to a long-distance sniper, especially when he was on his campaign trips around the country. This was one of several attempts I made since October 1990 to convey my clear impression to whomever I thought might have an effect that Rajiv seemed to me extremely vulnerable. Rajiv had been on sadhbhavana journeys, back and forth into and out of Delhi. I had heard he was fed up with his security apparatus, and I was not surprised given it seemed at the time rather bureaucratized. It would not have been appropriate for me to tell him directly that he seemed to me to be vulnerable, since I was a newcomer and a complete amateur about security issues, and besides if he agreed he might seem to himself to be cowardly or have to get even closer to his security apparatus. Instead I pressed the subject relentlessly with whomever I could. I suggested specifically two things: (a) that the system in place at Rajiv’s residence and on his itineraries be tested, preferably by some internationally recognized specialists in counter-terrorism; (b) that Rajiv be encouraged to announce a shadow-cabinet. The first would increase the cost of terrorism, the second would reduce the potential political benefit expected by terrorists out to kill him. On the former, it was pleaded that security was a matter being run by the V. P. Singh and then Chandrashekhar Governments at the time. On the latter, it was said that appointing a shadow cabinet might give the appointees the wrong idea, and lead to a challenge to Rajiv’s leadership. This seemed to me wrong, as there was nothing to fear from healthy internal contests for power so long as they were conducted in a structured democratic framework. I pressed to know how public Rajiv’s itinerary was when he travelled. I was told it was known to everyone and that was the only way it could be since Rajiv wanted to be close to the people waiting to see him and had been criticized for being too aloof. This seemed to me totally wrong and I suggested that if Rajiv wanted to be seen as meeting the crowds waiting for him then that should be done by planning to make random stops on the road that his entourage would take. This would at least add some confusion to the planning of potential terrorists out to kill him. When I pressed relentlessly, it was said I should probably speak to “Madame”, i.e. to Mrs. Rajiv Gandhi. That seemed to me highly inappropriate, as I could not be said to be known to her and I should not want to unduly concern her in the event it was I who was completely wrong in my assessment of the danger. The response that it was not in Congress’s hands, that it was the responsibility of the VP Singh and later the Chandrashekhar Governments, seemed to me completely irrelevant since Congress in its own interests had a grave responsibility to protect Rajiv Gandhi irrespective of what the Government’s security people were doing or not doing. Rajiv was at the apex of the power structure of the party, and a key symbol of secularism and progress for the entire country. Losing him would be quite irreparable to the party and the country. It shocked me that the assumption was not being made that there were almost certainly professional killers actively out to kill Rajiv Gandhi — this loving family man and hapless pilot of India’s ship of state who did not seem to have wished to make enemies among India’s terrorists but whom the fates had conspired to make a target. The most bizarre and frustrating response I got from several respondents was that I should not mention the matter at all as otherwise the threat would become enlarged and the prospect made more likely! This I later realized was a primitive superstitious response of the same sort as wearing amulets and believing in Ptolemaic astrological charts that assume the Sun goes around the Earth — centuries after Kepler and Copernicus. Perhaps the entry of scientific causality and rationality is where we must begin in the reform of India’s governance and economy. What was especially repugnant after Rajiv’s assassination was to hear it said by his enemies that it marked an end to “dynastic” politics in India. This struck me as being devoid of all sense because the unanswerable reason for protecting Rajiv Gandhi was that we in India, if we are to have any pretensions at all to being a civilized and open democratic society, cannot tolerate terrorism and assassination as means of political change. Either we are constitutional democrats willing to fight for the privileges of a liberal social order, or ours is truly a primitive and savage anarchy concealed beneath a veneer of fake Westernization….. Proceedings began when Rajiv arrived. This elite audience mobbed him just as the farmers had mobbed him earlier. He saw me and beamed a smile in recognition, and I smiled back but made no attempt to draw near him in the crush. He gave a short very apt speech on the role the United Nations might have in the new post-Gulf War world. Then he launched the book, and left for an investiture at Rashtrapati Bhavan. We waited for our meeting with him, which finally happened in the afternoon. Rajiv was plainly at the point of exhaustion and still hard-pressed for time. He seemed pleased to see me and apologized for not talking in the morning. Regarding the March 22 draft, he said he had not read it but that he would be doing so. He said he expected the central focus of the manifesto to be on economic reform, and an economic point of view in foreign policy, and in addition an emphasis on justice and the law courts. I remembered our September 18 conversation and had tried to put in justice and the courts into our draft but had been over-ruled by others. I now said the social returns of investment in the judiciary were high but was drowned out again. Rajiv was clearly agitated that day by the BJP and blurted out he did not really feel he understood what on earth they were on about. He said about his own family, “We’re not religious or anything like that, we don’t pray every day.” I felt again what I had felt before, that here was a tragic hero of India who had not really wished to be more than a happy family man until he reluctantly was made into a national leader against his will. We were with him for an hour or so. As we were leaving, he said quickly at the end of the meeting he wished to see me on my own and would be arranging a meeting. One of our group was staying back to ask him a favour. Just before we left, I managed to say to him what I felt was imperative: “The Iraq situation isn’t as it seems, it’s a lot deeper than it’s been made out to be.” He looked at me with a serious look and said “Yes I know, I know.” It was decided Pitroda would be in touch with each of us in the next 24 hours. During this time Narasimha Rao’s manifesto committee would read the draft and any questions they had would be sent to us. We were supposed to be on call for 24 hours. The call never came. Given the near total lack of system and organization I had seen over the months, I was not surprised. Krishna Rao and I waited another 48 hours, and then each of us left Delhi. Before going I dropped by to see Krishnamurty, and we talked at length. He talked especially about the lack of the idea of teamwork in India. Krishnamurty said he had read everything I had written for the group and learned a lot. I said that managing the economic reform would be a critical job and the difference between success and failure was thin….”

“… I got the afternoon train to Calcutta and before long left for America to bring my son home for his summer holidays with me. In Singapore, the news suddenly said Rajiv Gandhi had been killed. All India wept. What killed him was not merely a singular act of criminal terrorism, but the system of humbug, incompetence and sycophancy that surrounds politics in India and elsewhere. I was numbed by rage and sorrow, and did not return to Delhi….”

In December 1991, I visited Rajiv’s widow at 10 Jan Path to express my condolences, the only time I have met her, and I gave her for her records a taped copy of Rajiv’s long-distance telephone conversations with me during the Gulf War earlier that year. She seemed an extremely shy taciturn figure in deep mourning, and I do not think the little I said to her about her late husband’s relationship with me was comprehended. Nor was it the time or place for more to be said.

In September 1993, at a special luncheon at the Indian Ambassador’s Residence in Washington, Siddhartha Shankar Ray, then the Ambassador to Washington, pointed at me and declared to Manmohan Singh, then Finance Minister, in presence of Manmohan’s key aides accompanying him including MS Ahluwalia, NK Singh, C Rangarajan and others,

“Congress manifesto was written on his computer”.

This was accurate enough to the extent that the 22 March 1991 draft as asked for by Rajiv and that came to explicitly affect policy had been and remains on my then-new NEC laptop.

At the Ambassador’s luncheon, I gave Manmohan Singh a copy of the Foundations book as a gift. My father who knew him in the early 1970s through MG Kaul, ICS, had sent him a copy of my 1984 IEA monograph which Manmohan had acknowledged. And back in 1973, he had visited our then-home at 14 Rue Eugene Manuel in Paris to advise me about economics at my father’s request, and he and I had ended up in a fierce private debate for about forty minutes over the demerits (as I saw them) and merits (as he saw them) of the Soviet influence on Indian economic policy-making. But in 1993 we had both forgotten the 1973 meeting.

In May 2002, the Congress passed an official party resolution moved by Digvijay Singh in presence of PV Narasimha Rao and Manmohan Singh that the 1991 reforms had originated with Rajiv Gandhi and not with either Narasimha Rao or Manmohan; no one dissented. It was intended to flatter Sonia Gandhi as the Congress President, but there was truth in it too which all Congress MPs of the 13th Lok Sabha had come to know in a publication of mine they had received from me at IIT Kharagpur where since 1996 I had become Professor.

Manmohan Singh himself, to his credit, has not at any point, except once during his failed Lok Sabha bid, claimed the reforms as his own invention and has said always he had followed what his Prime Minister had told him. However, he has not been averse to being attributed with all the credit by his flatterers, by the media, by businessmen and many many others around the world, and certainly he did not respond to Ambassador Siddhartha Shankar Ray telling him and his key aides how the Congress-led reform had come about through my work except to tell me at the 1993 luncheon that when Arjun Singh criticised the reforms in Cabinet, he, Manmohan, would mention the manifesto.

On 28 December 2009, Rajiv’s widow in an official Congress Party statement finally declared her late husband

“left his personal imprint on the (Congress) party’s manifesto of 1991.″

How Sonia Gandhi, who has never had pretensions to knowledge of economics or political economy or political science or governance or history, came to place Manmohan Singh as her prime ministerial candidate and the font of economic and political wisdom along with Pranab Mukherjee, when both men hardly had been favourites of her late husband, would be a story in its own right. And how Amartya Sen’s European-origin naturalised Indian co-author Jean Drèze later came to have policy influence from a different direction upon Sonia Gandhi, also a naturalised Indian of European origin, may be yet another story in its own right, perhaps best told by themselves.

I would surmise the same elderly behind-the-scenes figure, now in his late 80s, had a hand in setting up both sets of influences — directly in the first case (from back in 1990-1991), and indirectly in the second case (starting in 2004) . This was a man who in a November 2007 newspaper article literally erased my name and inserted that of Manmohan Singh as part of the group that Rajiv created on 25 September following his 18 September meeting with me! Reluctantly, I had to call this very elderly man a liar; he has not denied it and knows he has not been libeled.

One should never forget the two traditional powers interested in the subcontinent, Russia and Britain, have been never far from influence in Delhi. In 1990-1991 what worried vested bureaucratic and business interests and foreign powers through their friends and agents was that they could see change was coming to India but they wanted to be able to control it themselves to their advantage, which they then broadly proceeded to do over the next two decades. The foreign weapons’ contracts had to be preserved, as did other big-ticket imports that India ends up buying needlessly on credit it hardly has in world markets. There are similarities to what happened in Russia and Eastern Europe where many apparatchiks and fellow-travellers became freedom-loving liberals overnight; in the Indian case more than one badly compromised pro-USSR senior bureaucrat promptly exported his children and savings to America and wrapped themselves in the American flag.

The stubborn unalterable fact remains that Manmohan Singh was not physically present in India and was still with the Nyerere project on 18 September 1990 when I met Rajiv for the first time and gave him the unpublished results of the UH-Manoa project. This simple straightforward fact is something the Congress Party, given its own myths and self-deception and disinformation, has not been able to cope with in its recently published history. For myself, I have remained loyal to my memory of my encounter with Rajiv Gandhi, and my understanding of him. The Rajiv Gandhi I knew had been enthused by me in 1990-1991 carrying the UH-Manoa perestroika-for-India project that I had led since 1986, and he had loved my advice to him on 18 September 1990 that he needed to modernise the party by preparing a coherent agenda (as other successful reformers had done) while still in Opposition waiting for elections, and to base that agenda on commitments to improving the judiciary and rule of law, stopping the debauching of money, and focusing on the provision of public goods instead. Rajiv I am sure wanted a modern and modern-minded Congress — not one which depended on him let aside his family, but one which reduced that dependence and let him and his family alone.

As for Manmohan Singh being a liberal or liberalising economist, there is no evidence publicly available of that being so from his years before or during the Nyerere project, or after he returned and joined the Chandrashekhar PMO and the UGC until becoming, to his own surprise as he told Mark Tully, PV Narasimha Rao’s Finance Minister. Some of his actions qua Finance Minister were liberalising in nature but he did not originate any basic idea of a change in a liberal direction of economic policy, and he has, with utmost honesty honestly, not claimed otherwise. Innumerable flatterers and other self-interested parties have made out differently, creating what they have found to be a politically useful fiction; he has yet to deny them.

Siddhartha Shankar Ray and I met last in July 2009, when I gave him a copy of this 2005 volume I had created, which pleased him much.

I said to him Bengal’s public finances were in abysmal condition, calling for emergency measures financially, and that Mamata Banerjee seemed to me to be someone who knew how to and would dislodge the Communists from their entrenched misgovernance of decades but she did not seem quite aware that dislodging a bad government politically was not the same thing as knowing how to govern properly oneself. He, again of his own accord, said immediately,

“I will call her and her people to a meeting here so you can meet them and tell them that directly”.

It never transpired. In our last phone conversation I mentioned to him my plans of creating a Public Policy Institute — an idea he immediately and fully endorsed as being essential though adding “I can’t be part of it, I’m on my way out”.

“I’m on my way out”. That was Siddhartha Shankar Ray — always intelligent, always good-humoured, always public-spirited, always a great Indian, my only friend among politicians other than the late Rajiv Gandhi himself.

In March February 2010, my father and I called upon the new Bengal Governor, MK Narayanan and gave him a copy of the Thatcher volume for the Raj Bhavan Library; I told him the story about my encounter with Rajiv Gandhi thanks to Siddhartha Shankar Ray and its result; Narayanan within a few days made a visit to Ray’s hospital-bed, and when he emerged after several hours he made a statement, which in substance he repeated again when Ray died in November 2010:

“There are few people in post-Independence India who could equal his magnificent contribution to India’s growth and progress”.

To what facts did MK Narayanan, a former Intelligence Bureau chief, mean to refer with this extravagant praise of Ray? Was Narayanan referring to Ray’s politics for Indira Gandhi? To Ray’s Chief Ministership of Bengal? To Ray’s Governorship of Punjab? You will have to ask him but I doubt that was what he meant: I surmise Narayanan’s eulogy could only have resulted after he confirmed with Ray on his hospital-bed the story I had told him, and that he was referring to the economic and political results that followed for the country once Ray had introduced me in September 1990 to Rajiv Gandhi. But I say again, you will have to ask MK Narayanan himself what he and Ray talked about in hospital and what was the factual basis of Narayanan’s precise words of praise. To what facts exactly was MK Narayanan, former intelligence chief, meaning to refer when he stated Siddhartha Shankar Ray had made a “magnificent contribution to India’s growth and progress”?

3. Jagdish Bhagwati & Manmohan Singh? That just don’t fly!

Now returning to the apparent desire of Professor Panagariya, the Jagdish Bhagwati Professor of Indian Political Economy at Columbia, to attribute to Jagdish Bhagwati momentous change for the better in India as of 1991, even if Panagariya had not the scientific curiosity to look into our 1992 book titled Foundations of India’s Political Economy: Towards an Agenda for the 1990s or into Milton Friedman’s own 1998 memoirs, we may have expected him to at least turn to his co-author and Columbia colleague, Jagdish Bhagwati himself, and ask, “Master, have you heard of this fellow Subroto Roy by any chance?”

Jagdish would have had to say yes, since not only had he received a copy of the proofs of my 1984 IEA work Pricing, Planning and Politics: A Study of Economic Distortions in India, he was kind enough to write in a letter dated 15 May 1984 that I had

“done an excellent job of setting out the problems afflicting our economic policies, unfortunately government-made problems!”

Also Jagdish may or may not have remembered our only meeting, when he and I had had a long conversation on the sofas in the foyer of the IMF in Washington when I was a consultant there in 1993 and he had come to meet someone; he was surprisingly knowledgeable about my personal 1990 matter in the Supreme Court of India which astonished me until he told me his brother the Supreme Court judge had mentioned the case to him!

Now my 1984 work was amply scientific and scholarly in fully crediting a large number of works in the necessary bibliography, including Bhagwati’s important work with his co-authors. Specifically, Footnote 1 listed the literature saying:

“The early studies notably include: B. R. Shenoy, `A note of dissent’, Papers relating to the formulation of the Second Five-Year Plan, Government of India Planning Commission, Delhi, 1955; Indian Planning and Economic Development, Asia Publishing, Bombay, 1963, especially pp. 17-53; P. T. Bauer, Indian Economic Policy and Development, George Allen & Unwin, London, 1961; M. Friedman, unpublished memorandum to the Government of India, November 1955 (referred to in Bauer, op. cit., p. 59 ff.); and, some years later, Sudha Shenoy, India : Progress or Poverty?, Research Monograph 27, Institute of Economic Affairs, London, 1971. Some of the most relevant contemporary studies are: B. Balassa, `Reforming the system of incentives in World Development, 3 (1975), pp. 365-82; `Export incentives and export performance in developing countries: a comparative analysis’, Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 114 (1978), pp. 24-61; The process of industrial development and alternative development strategies, Essays in International Finance No. 141, Princeton University, 1980; J. N. Bhagwati & P. Desai, India: Planning for Industrialisation, OECD, Paris : Oxford University Press, 1970; `Socialism and Indian Economic Policy’, World Development, 3 (1975), pp. 213-21; J. N. Bhagwati & T. N. Srinivasan, Foreign-trade Regimes and Economic Development: India, National Bureau of Economic Research, New York, 1975; Anne O. Krueger, `Indian planning experience’, in T. Morgan et al. (eds.), Readings in Economic Development, Wadsworth, California, 1963, pp. 403-20; `The political economy of the rent-seeking society, American Economic Review, 64 (June 1974); The Benefits and Costs of Import-Substitution in India: a Microeconomic Study, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 1975; Growth, distortions and patterns of trade among many countries, Studies in International Finance, Princeton University, 1977; Uma Lele, Food grain marketing in India : private performance and public policy, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 1971; T. W. Schultz (ed.), Distortions in agricultural incentives, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 1978; V. Sukhatme, “The utilization of high-yielding rice and wheat varieties in India: an economic assessment”, University of Chicago PhD thesis, 1977….”

There were two specific references to Bhagwati’s work with Srinivasan:

“Jagdish Bhagwati and T. N. Srinivasan put it as follows : `The allocation of foreign exchange among alternative claimants and users in a direct control system . . .would presumably be with reference to a well-defined set of principles and criteria based on a system of priorities. In point of fact, however, there seem to have been few such criteria, if any, followed in practice.’”

and

“But as Bhagwati and Srinivasan report, `. . . the sheer weight of numbers made any meaningful listing of priorities extremely difficult. The problem was Orwellian: all industries had priority and how was each sponsoring authority to argue that some industries had more priority than others? It is not surprising, therefore, that the agencies involved in determining allocations by industry fell back on vague notions of “fairness”, implying pro rata allocations with reference to capacity installed or employment, or shares defined by past import allocations or similar rules of thumb’”

and one to Bhagwati and Desai:

“The best descriptions of Indian industrial policy are still to be found in Bhagwati and Desai (1970)…”

Professors Bhagwati and Panagriya have not apparently referred to anything beyond these joint works of Bhagwati’s dated 1970 with Padma Desai and 1975 with TN Srinivasan. They have not claimed Bhagwati did anything by way of either publication or political activity in relation to India’s economic policy between May 1984, when he read my soon-to-be-published-work and found I had

“done an excellent job of setting out the problems afflicting our economic policies, unfortunately government-made problems”,

and September 1990 when I gave Rajiv the University of Hawaii perestroika-for-India project results developed since 1986, which came to politically spark the 1991 reform in the Congress’s highest echelons from months before Rajiv’s assassination.

There may have been no such claim made by Bhagwati and Panagariya because there may be no such evidence. Between 1984 and 1990, Professor Bhagwati’s research interests were away from Indian economic policy while his work on India through 1970 and 1975 had been fully and reasonably accounted for as of 1984 by myself.

What is left remaining is Bhagwati’s statement :

“When finance minister Manmohan Singh was in New York in 1992, he had a lunch for many big CEOs whom he was trying to seduce to come to India. He also invited me and my wife, Padma Desai, to the lunch. As we came in, the FM introduced us to the invitees and said: ‘These friends of mine wrote almost a quarter century ago [India: Planning for Industrialisation was published in 1970 by Oxford] recommending all the reforms we are now undertaking. If we had accepted the advice then, we would not be having this lunch as you would already be in India’

Now this light self-deprecating reference by Manmohan at an investors’ lunch in New York “for many big CEOs” was an evident attempt at political humour written by his speech-writer. It was clearly, on its face, not serious history. If we test it as serious history, it falls flat so we may only hope Manmohan Singh, unlike Jagdish Bhagwati, has not himself come to believe his own reported joke as anything more than that.

The Bhagwati-Desai volume being referred to was developed from 1966-1970. India saw critical economic and political events in 1969, in 1970, in 1971, in 1972, in 1975, in 1977, etc.

Those were precisely years during which Manmohan Singh himself moved from being an academic to becoming a Government of India official, working first for MG Kaul, ICS, and then in 1971 coming to the attention of PN Haksar, Indira Gandhi’s most powerful bureaucrat between 1967 and 1974: Haksar himself was Manmohan Singh’s acknowledged mentor in the Government, as Manmohan told Mark Tully in an interview.

After Manmohan visited our Paris home in 1973 to talk to me about economics, my father — who had been himself sent to the Paris Embassy by Haksar in preparation for Indira Gandhi’s visit in November 1971 before the Bangladesh war —

had told me Manmohan was very highly regarded in government circles with economics degrees from both Cambridge and Oxford, and my father had added, to my surprise, what was probably a Haksarian governmental view that Manmohan was expected to be India’s Prime Minister some day. That was 1973.

PN Haksar had been the archetypal Nehruvian Delhi intellectual of a certain era, being both a fierce nationalist and a fierce pro-USSR leftist from long before Independence. I met him once on 23 March 1991, on the lawns of 10 Jan Path at the launch of General V Krishna Rao’s book on Indian defence which Rajiv was releasing, and Haksar gave a speech to introduce Rajiv (as if Rajiv needed introduction on the lawns of his own residence); Haksar was in poor health but he seemed completely delighted to be back in favour with Rajiv, after years of having been treated badly by Indira and her younger son.

Had Manmohan Singh in the early 1970s gone to Haksar — the architect of the nationalisation of India’s banking going on right then — and said “Sir, this OECD study by my friend Bhagwati and his wife says we should be liberalising foreign trade and domestic industry”, Haksar would have been astonished and sent him packing.

There was a war on, plus a massive problem of 10 million refugees, a new country to support called Bangladesh, a railway strike, a bad crop, repressed inflation, shortages, and heaven knows what more, besides Nixon having backed Yahya Khan, Tikka Khan et al.

Then after Bangladesh and the railway strike etc, came the rise of the politically odious younger son of Indira Gandhi and his friends (at least one of whom is today Sonia Gandhi’s gatekeeper) followed by the internal political Emergency, the grave foreign-fueled problem of Sikh separatism and its control, the assassination of Indira Gandhi by her own Sikh bodyguards, and the Rajiv Gandhi years as Prime Minister.

Certainly it was Rajiv’s arrival in office and Benazir’s initial return to Pakistan, along with the rise of Michael Gorbachev in the changing USSR, that inspired me in far away Hawaii in 1986 to design with Ted James the perestroika-projects for India and Pakistan which led to our two volumes, and which, thanks to Siddhartha Shankar Ray, came to reach Rajiv Gandhi in Opposition in September 1990 as he sat somewhat forlornly at 10 Jan Path after losing office. “There is a tide in the affairs of men, Which taken at the flood, leads on to fortune….

My friend and collaborator Ted James died of cancer in Manila in May 2010; earlier that year he came to say publicly

“Seldom are significant reforms imposed successfully by international bureaucracies. Most often they are the result of indigenous actors motivated by domestic imperatives. I believe this was the case in India in 1991. It may have been fortuitous that Dr. Roy gained an audience with a receptive Rajiv Gandhi in 1990 but it was not luck that he was prepared with a well-thought out program; this arose from years of careful thought and debate on the matter.”

Changing the direction of a ship of state is very hard, knowing in which direction it should change and to what degree is even harder; it has rarely been something that can be done without random shocks arising let aside the power of vested interests. Had Rajiv Gandhi lived to form a new Government, I have little doubt I would have led the reform that I had chalked out for him and that he had approved of; Sonia Gandhi would have remained the housewife, mother and grandmother that she had preferred to be and not been made into the Queen of India by the Congress Party; Manmohan Singh had left India in 1987 for the Nyerere project and it had been rumoured at the time that had been slightly to do with him protesting, to the extent that he ever has protested anything, the anti-Sikh pogrom that some of Rajiv’s friends had apparently unleashed after Indira’s killing; he returned in November 1990, joined Chandrashekhar in December 1990, left Chandrashekhar in March 1991 when elections were announced and was biding his time as head of the UGC; had Rajiv Gandhi lived, Manmohan Singh would have had a governor’s career path, becoming the governor of one state after another; he would not have been brought into the economic reform process which he had had nothing to do with originating; and finally Pranab Mukherjee, who left the Congress Party and formed his own when Rajiv took over, would have been likely rehabilitated slowly but would not have come to control the working of the party as he did. I said in my Lok Sabha TV interview on 5 9 December 2012 that there have been many microeconomic improvements arising from technological progress in the last 22 years but the macroeconomic and monetary situation is grim, because at root the fiscal situation remains incoherent and confused. I do not see anyone in Manmohan Singh’s entourage among all his many acolytes and flatterers and apologists who is able to get to these root problems. We shall address these issues in Part II.

What Manmohan Singh said in self-deprecating humour at an investors’ lunch in New York in 1992 is hardly serious history as Jagdish Bhagwati has seemed to wish it to be. Besides, it would have been unlike Manmohan, being the devoted student of Joan Robinson and Nicholas Kaldor as he told Mark Tully, to have taken such a liberalising initiative at all. Furthermore, the 1969 American Economic Review published asurvey of Indian economic policy authored by his Delhi University colleagues Jagdish Bhagwati and Sukhamoy Chakravarty which made little mention of his work, and it would have been unreasonable to expect him to have been won over greatly by theirs. Perhaps there is a generous review from the 1970s by Manmohan Singh of the Bhagwati-Desai volume hidden somewhere but if so we should be told where it is. A list of Manmohan Singh’s publications as an economist do not seem easily available anywhere.

Lastly and perhaps most decisively, the 1970 Bhagwati-Desai volume, excellent study that it was, was hardly the first of its genre by way of liberal criticism of modern Indian economic policy! Bhagwati declared in his 2010 speech to the Lok Sabha

“This policy framework had been questioned, and its total overhaul advocated, by me and Padma Desai in writings through the late 1960s…”

But why has Bhagwati been forever silent about the equally if not more forceful and fundamental criticism of “the policy framework”, and advocacy of its “total overhaul”, by scholars in the 1950s, a decade and more earlier than him, when he and Manmohan and Amartya were still students? Specifically, by BR Shenoy, Milton Friedman, and Peter Bauer? The relevant bibliography from the mid 1950s is given in Footnote 1 of my 1984 work.

Peter Tamas Bauer (1915-2002) played a vital role in all this as had he himself not brought the Friedman 1955 document to my attention I would not have known of it.

As undergraduates at the LSE, we had been petrified of him and I never spoke to him while there, having believed the propaganda that floated around about him; then while a Research Student at Cambridge, I happened to be a speaker with him at a conference at Oxford; he made me sit next to him at a meal and told me for the first time about Milton Friedman’s 1955 memorandum to the Government of India which had been suppressed. I am privileged to say Peter from then on became a friend, and wrote, at my request, what became I am sure the kiss of death for me at the World Bank of 1982:

**Later he may have been responsible for the London Times writing its lead editorial of 29 May 1984 on my work.**

Now Milton had sent me in 1984, besides the original of his November 1955 memorandum to the Government of India, a confidential 1956 document also which seemed to have been written for US Government consumption. I did not publish this in Hawaii in 1989 as I was having difficulty enough publishing the 1955 memorandum. I gave it to be published on the Internet some years ago, and after Milton’s passing, I had it published in The Statesman on the same day as my obituary of him.

It makes fascinating reading, especially about Mahalanobis and Shenoy, of how what Bhagwati wishes to call “the policy framework” that, he claims, he and Desai called for a “total overhaul” of, came to be what it was in the decade earlier when he and Amartya and Manmohan were still students.

Friedman’s 1956 document said

“I met PC Mahalanobis in 1946 and again at a meeting of the International Statistical Institute in September 1947, and I know him well by reputation. He was absent during most of my stay in New Delhi, but I met him at a meeting of the Indian Planning Commission, of which he is one of the strongest and most able members. Mahalanobis began as a mathematician and is a very able one. Able mathematicians are usually recognized for their ability at a relatively early age. Realizing their own ability as they do and working in a field of absolutes, tends, in my opinion, to make them dangerous when they apply themselves to economic planning. They produce specific and detailed plans in which they have confidence, without perhaps realizing that economic planning is not the absolute science that mathematics is. This general characteristic of mathematicians is true of Mahalanobis but in spite of the tendency he is willing to discuss a problem and listen to a different point of view. Once his decision is reached, however, he has great confidence in it. Mahalanobis was unquestionably extremely influential in drafting the Indian five-year plan. There were four key steps in the plan. The first was the so-called “Plan Frame” drafted by Mahalanobis himself. The second was a tentative plan based on the “Plan Frame”. The third step was a report by a committee of economists on the first two steps, and the fourth was a minority report by BR Shenoy on the economists’ report. The economists had no intention of drafting a definitive proposal but merely meant to comment on certain aspects of the first two steps. Shenoy’s minority report, however, had the effect of making the economists’ report official. The scheme of the Five Year Plan attributed to Mahalanobis faces two problems; one, that India needs heavy industry for economic development; and two, that development of heavy industry uses up large amounts of capital while providing only small employment. Based on these facts, Mahalanobis proposed to concentrate on heavy industry development on the one hand and to subsidize the hand production cottage industries on the other. The latter course would discriminate against the smaller manufacturers. In my opinion, the plan wastes both capital and labour and the Indians get only the worst of both efforts. If left to their own devices under a free enterprise system I believe the Indians would gravitate naturally towards the production of such items as bicycles, sewing machines, and radios. This trend is already apparent without any subsidy. The Indian cottage industry is already cloaked in the same popular sort of mist as is rural life in the US. There is an idea in both places that this life is typical and the backbone of their respective countries. Politically, the Indian cottage industry problem is akin to the American farm problem. Mohandas Gandhi was a proponent of strengthening the cottage industry as a weapon against the British. This reason is now gone but the emotions engendered by Gandhi remain. Any move to strengthen the cottage industry has great political appeal and thus, Mahalanobis’ plan and its pseudo-scientific support for the industry also has great political appeal. I found many supporters for the heavy industry phase of the Plan but almost no one (among the technical Civil Servants) who really believes in the cottage industry aspects, aside from their political appeal. In its initial form, the plan was very large and ambitious with optimistic estimates. My impression is that there is a substantial trend away from this approach, however, and an attempt to cut down. The development of heavy industry has slowed except for steel and iron. I believe that the proposed development of a synthetic petroleum plant has been dropped and probably wisely so. In addition, I believe that the proposed five year plan may be extended to six years. Other than his work on the plan, I am uncertain of Mahalanobis’ influence. The gossip is that he has Nehru’s ear and potentially he could be very influential, simply because of his intellectual ability and powers of persuasion. The question that occurs to me is how much difference Mahalanobis’ plan makes. The plan does not seem the important thing to me. I believe that the new drive and enthusiasm of the Indian nation will surmount any plan, good or bad. Then too, I feel a wide diversity in what is said and what is done. I believe that much of Nehru’s socialistic talk is simply that, just talk. Nehru has been trying to undermine the Socialist Party by this means and apparently the Congress Party’s adoption of a socialistic idea for industry has been successful in this respect. One gets the impression, depending on whom one talks with, either that the Government runs business, or that two or three large businesses run the government. All that appears publicly indicates that the first is true, but a case can also be made for the latter interpretation. Favour and harassment are counterparts in the Indian economic scheme. There is no significant impairment of the willingness of Indian capitalists to invest in their industries, except in the specific industries where nationalization has been announced, but they are not always willing to invest and take the risks inherent in the free enterprise system. They want the Government to support their investment and when it refuses they back out and cry “Socialism”..”

I look forward to seeing a fundamental classical liberal critique from India’s distinguished American friends at Columbia University, Professors Jagdish Bhagwati and Padma Desai and Arvind Panagariya, if and when such a critique arises, of the “policy framework” in India as that evolved from the mid 1950s to become what exists across India in 2013 today. Specifically: Where is the criticism from Bhagwati of Mahalanobis and friends? And where is Bhagwati’s defence of Shenoy, leave aside of Milton Friedman or Peter Bauer? They seem not to exist. The most we get is a footnote again without the civility of any references, in the otherwise cogent 1975 Desai-Bhagwati paper “Socialism and Indian Economic Policy” alleging

” Of these three types of impact of the Soviet example, the Plan-formulation approach was to be enthusiastically received by most commentators and, indeed, to lead to demands on the part of aid agencies for similar efforts by other developing countries. However, the shift to heavy industry was seen as a definite mistake by economic opinion of the Chicago school variety, reflecting their basic unfamiliarity with the structural models of growth and development planning of the Feldman-Mahalanobis variety-an ignorance which probably still persists. The detailed regulation was not quite noticed at the time, except by conservative commentators whose position however was extreme and precluded governmental planning of industrial investments on any scale.”

Desai and Bhagwati naturally found no apparent desire to locate any possible scientific truth or reasonableness among

“conservative commentators”

nor among the unnamed and undescribed

“economic opinion of the Chicago school variety”.

Could Desai and Bhagwati have done anything different after all, even when talking about India to an American audience, without being at risk of losing their East Coast Limousine Liberal credentials? Bhagwati used to routinely declare his “socialist” credentials, and even the other day on Indian TV emphatically declared he was not a “conservative” and scornfully dismissed “Thatcher and Reagan” for their “trickle down economics”…

Jagdish Bhagwati has evidently wanted to have his cake and eat it too…

4. Amartya Sen’s Half-Baked Communism: “To each according to his need”?

If I have been candid or harsh in my assessments of Jagdish Bhagwati and Manmohan Singh as they relate to my personal experience with the change of direction in Indian economic policy originating in 1990-1991, I am afraid I must be equally so with Bhagwati’s current opponent in debate, Amartya Sen. Certainly I have found the current spat between Bhagwati and Sen over India’s political economy to be dismal, unscholarly, unscientific and misleading (or off-base) except for it having allowed a burst of domestic policy-discussion in circumstances when India needs it especially much.

None of this criticism is personal but based on objective experience and the record. My criticism of Professor Bhagwati and Dr Manmohan Singh does not diminish in the slightest my high personal regard for both of them.

Similarly, Amartya Sen and I go back, momentarily, to Hindustan Park in 1964 when there was a faint connection as family friends from World War II (as Naren Deb and Manindranath Roy were friends and neighbours, and we still have the signed copy of a book gifted by the former to the latter), and then he later knew me cursorily when I was an undergraduate at LSE and he was already a famous professor, and I greatly enjoyed his excellent lectures at the LSE on his fine book On Economic Inequality, and a few years later he wrote in tangential support of me at Cambridge for which he was thanked in the preface to my 1989 Philosophy of Economics — even though that book of mine also contained in its Chapter 10 the decisive criticism of his main contribution until that time to what used to be called “social choice theory”. Amartya Sen had also written some splendid handwritten letters, a few pages of which remain with me, which puzzled me at the time due to his expressing his aversion to what is normally called ‘price theory’, namely the Marshallian and/or Walrasian theory of value.

Professor Sen and I met briefly in 1978, and then again in 2006 when I was asked to talk to him in our philosophical conversation which came to be published nicely. In 2006 I told him of my experience with Rajiv Gandhi in initiating what became the 1991 reform on the basis of my giving Rajiv the results of the Hawaii project, and Amartya was kind enough to say that he knew I had been arguing all this “very early on”, referring presumably to the 1984 London Times editorial which he would have seen in his Oxford days before coming to Harvard.

This personal regard on my part or personal affection on his part aside, I have been appalled to find Professor Sen not taking moral and intellectual responsibility for and instead disclaiming paternity of the whole so-called “Food Security” policy which Sonia Gandhi has been prevailed upon over the years by him and his acolytes and friends and admirers to adopt, and she in her ignorance of all political economy and governance has now wished to impose upon the Congress Party and India as a whole:

“Questioner: You are being called the creator of the Food Security Bill.

Amartya Sen: Yes, I don’t know why. That is indeed a paternity suit I’m currently fighting. People are accusing me of being the father”.

Amartya Sen has repeatedly over the years gone on Indian prime-time television and declared things like

“If you don’t agree there’s hunger in the world, there’s something morally wrong with you”

besides over the decades publishing titles like Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation, Hunger and Public Action, The Political Economy of Hunger etc and ceaselessly using his immense power with the media, with book publishing houses, with US academic departments and the world development economics business, to promote his own and his acolytes’ opinions around the world, no matter how ill-considered or incoherent these may be. A passage from his latest book with Jean Drèze reportedly reads

“If development is about the expansion of freedom, it has to embrace the removal of poverty as well as paying attention to ecology as integral parts of a unified concern, aimed ultimately at the security and advancement of human freedom. Indeed, important components of human freedoms — and crucial ingredients of our quality of life — are thoroughly dependent on the integrity of the environment, involving the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the epidemiological surroundings in which we live….”

Had such a passage reached me in an undergraduate essay, I would have considered it incoherent waffle, and I am afraid I cannot see why merely because it is authored by an eminence at Harvard and his co-author, the evaluation should be any different. I am reminded of my encounter in 1976 with Joan Robinson, the great tutor in 1950s Cambridge of Amartya and Manmohan: “Joan Robinson cornered me once and took me into the office she shared with EAG… She came at me for an hour or so wishing to supervise me, I kept declining politely… saying I was with Frank Hahn and wished to work on money… “What does Frankie know about India?” she said… I said I did not know but he did know about monetary theory and that was what I needed for India; I also said I did not think much about the Indian Marxists she had supervised… and mentioned a prominent name… she said about him, “Yes most of what he does can go straight into the dustbin”…” The Indian Marxist whom I had referred to in this conversation with Joan was not Amartya but someone else much younger, yet her candid “can go straight into the dustbin” still applies to all incoherent waffle, whomsoever may produce it.

Indeed, Amartya Sen, if anyone, really should get down to writing his memoirs, and candidly so in order to explain his own thinking and deeds over the decades to himself and to the world in order that needless confusions do not arise.

Else it becomes impossible to explain how someone who was said to be proud to have been a Communist student on the run from the police in West Bengal, who was Joan Robinson’s star pupil at a time she was extolling Maoist China and who has seemingly nurtured a deep lifelong fascination and affection for Communist China despite all its misdeeds, who was feted by the Communist regime of West Bengal after winning the Bank of Sweden Prize (on the same day that same regime had tossed into jail one unfortunate young Mr Khemkha merely for having been rude to its leaders on the Internet), and who seemed to share some of those winnings on social causes like primary education at the behest of the Communist regime’s ministers, etc, how someone with that noble comradely leftist personal history as an economist allows a flattering interviewer with a Harvard connection to describe him in Business Standard of 25 July 2013 as having been all along really a

“neoclassical economist”

who also happens to be

“the greatest living scholar of the original philosopher of the free market, Adam Smith”!

Amartya Sen a neoclassical economist and a great scholar of Adam Smith? It is hilarious to suppose so. The question arises, Does Sen, having published about Adam Smith recently in a few newspapers and leftist periodicals, agree with such a description by his flattering admirer from Harvard at Business Standard? “Neoclassical” economics originated with men like Jevons, Menger, Walras, Pareto, Marshall, Wicksell, and was marked by the theory of value being explained by a demand-side too, and not, like classical economics, merely by the cost of production alone on the supply side. Indeed a striking thing about the list below published by the Scandinavian Journal of Economics of Amartya’s books following his 1998 Bank of Sweden Prize

is how consistently these works display his avoidance of all neoclassical economics, and the absence of all of what is normally called ‘price theory’, namely the Marshallian and/or Walrasian theory of value. No “neoclassical economics” anywhere here for sure!

It would be fair enough if Professor Sen says he is hardly responsible for an admirer’s ignorant misdescription of his work — except the question still arises why he has himself also evidently misdescribed his own work! For example, in his 13 July 2013 letter to The Economist in response to the criticism of Jagdish Bhagwati and Arvind Panagariya, he says he had always been keenly interested in

“the importance of economic growth as a means— not an end”

and that this

“has been one of the themes even in my earliest writings (including “Choice of Techniques” in 1960 and “Growth Economics” in 1970)”.

This is a very peculiar opinion indeed to have been expressed by Professor Sen about his own work because the 1970 volume Growth Economics listed above among his books hardly can be said at all to be one of his own “earliest writings” as he now describes it to have been!

What had happened back then was that Sen, as someone considered a brilliant or promising young Indian economist at the time, had been asked by the editors of the famous Penguin Modern Economics Readings series to edit the specific issue devoted to growth-theory — a compendium of classic already-published essays including those of Roy Harrod, Evsey Domar, Robert Solow and many others, to which young Amartya was given a chance to write an editorial Introduction. Every economist familiar with that literature knows too that the growth-theory contained in that volume and others was considered highly abstract and notoriously divorced from actual historical processes of economic growth in different countries. Everyone also knew that the individual editors in that famous Penguin Modern Economics Series were of relative unimportance as they did not commission new papers but merely collected classics already published and wrote an introduction.

This is significant presently because neither Professor Sen nor Professor Bhagwati may be objectively considered on the evidence of his life’s work as an economist to have been a major scholar of economic growth, either in theory or in historical practice. As of December 1989, Amartya Sen himself described his own interests to the American Economic Association as

“social choice theory, welfare economics, economic development”

and Jagdish Bhagwati described his interests as

“theory of international trade and policy, economic development”.

Neither Sen nor Bhagwati mentioned growth economics or economic history or even general economic theory, microeconomics, macroeconomics, monetary economics, public finance, etc. Furthermore, Sen saying in his letter to The Economist that he has been always interested in economic growth seems to be baseless in light of the list of his books above, other than the Penguin compendium already discussed.

Incidentally in the same American Economic Association volume of 1989, Padma Desai had described her interests as

“Soviet economy and comparative economic systems”;

Arvind Panagariya had described his interests as

“economies of scale and trade; smuggling; parallel markets in planned economies”;

and one Suby Roy described his interests as

“foundations of monetary economics”.

Reflecting on Amartya Sen’s works over the 40 year period that I have known them

[and again, my personal copies of his books and those of Bhagwati and Desai, were all in my professorial office at IIT Kharagpur when I was attacked by a corrupt gang there in 2003; and IIT have been under a High Court order to return them but have not done so],

I wonder in fact if it might be fairly said that Sen has been on his own subjective journey over the decades around the world seeking to reinvent economics and political economy from scratch, and inventing his own terminology like “capabilities”, “functionings” and yes “entitlements” etc. to help him do so, while trying to assiduously avoid mention of canonical works of modern world economics like Marshall’s Principles, Hicks’s Value and Capital, Debreu’s Theory of Value, or Arrow and Hahn’s General Competitive Analysis, all defining the central neoclassical tradition of the modern theory of value.

But no contemporary science, economics and political economy included, is open to be re-invented from scratch, and what Amartya Sen has ended up doing instead is seeming to be continually trying to reinvent the wheel, possibly without having had the self-knowledge to realise this. Wittgenstein once made a paradoxical statement that one may know another’s mind better than one knows one’s own…

Here is a current example. Professor Sen says

“First, unlike the process of development in Japan, China, Korea and other countries, which pursued what Jean Drèze and I have called “Asian economic development” in our book, India has not had enough focus on public spending on school education and basic healthcare, which these other countries have had….”

Does Sen really believes believe he and Drèze have now in 2013 discovered and christened an economic phenomenon named “Asian economic development”? Everyone, from Japan and Bangkok and Manila, to Hawaii and Stanford to the World Bank’s East Asia department, including especially my Hawaii colleague Ted James, and many many others including especially Gerald M Meier at Stanford, were was publishing about all that every month — in the mid 1980s! In fact, our project on India and Pakistan arose in the 1980s from precisely such a Hawaiian wave! Everyone knows all that from back then or even earlier when the Japanese were talking about the “flying geese” model. (And, incidentally, Communist China did not at the time belong in the list.) Where was Amartya Sen in the mid 1980s when all that was happening? Jean Drèze was still a student perhaps. Is Professor Sen seeking to reinvent the wheel again with “Asian Economic Development” being claimed to be invented in 2013 by him and Drèze now? Oh please! That just won’t fly either!

A second example may be taken from the year before Professor Sen was awarded the Bank of Sweden Prize when he gave a lecture on “human capital” theory which was published as a survey titled “Human Capital and Human Capability” in World Development 1997 Vol. 25, No. 12,

Can you see any reference in this 1997 survey to TW Schultz’s 1960 American Economic Association Presidential Address or to Schultz’s classic 1964 book Transforming Traditional Agriculture or to his 1979 Bank of Sweden Prize address? I could not. If one did not know better, one might have thought from Professor Sen’s 1997 survey that there was nothing done worth talking about on the subject of “human capital” from the time of Adam Smith and David Hume until Amartya Sen finally came to the subject himself.

Thirdly, one is told by Sen’s admirer and collaborator, Professor James Foster of George Washington University, that what Sen means by his notion of

“effective freedom”

is that this is something

“enhanced when a marginally nourished family now has the capability to be sufficiently nourished due to public action”…

Are Amartya and his acolytes claiming he has invented or reinvented welfare economics ab initio? That before Amartya Sen, we did not know the importance of the able-bodied members of a community assisting those who are not able-bodied?

Where have they been? Amartya needed merely to have read Marshall’s Principles evenslightly to find Marshall himself, the master of Maynard Keynes and all of Cambridge and modern world economics, declaring without any equivocation at the very start

“….the study of the causes of poverty is the study of the causes of the degradation of a large part of mankind…”

But Marshall was interested in study, serious study, of poverty and its causes and amelioration, which is not something as easy or trivial as pontification on modern television. My 1984 article “Considerations on Utility, Benevolence and Taxation” which also became a chapter of my 1989 Philosophy of Economics surveyed some of Marshall’s opinion.

“From each according to his ability, to each according to his need” was a utopian slogan around 1875 from Karl Marx, which generations of passionate undergraduates have found impressive. Amartya Sen deserves to tell us squarely about his engagement with Marx or Marxist thought from his earliest days until now. His commitment in recent decades to democracy and the open and free society is clear; but has he also at the same time all along been committed to a kind of half-baked communist utopia as represented by Marx’s 1875 slogan?

“To each according to his need” sounds to be the underlying premise that is seeing practical manifestation in the Sonia Congress’s imposition of a so-called “right to food”; “from each according to his ability” is its flip side in the so-called “rural employment guarantee”. Leave aside the limitless resource-allocation and incentive and public finance problems created by such naive ideas being made into government policy, there is a grave and fundamental issue that Amartya and other leftists have been too blinkered to see:

Do they suppose the organised business classes have been weakly cooperative and will just allow such massive redistribution to occur without getting the Indian political system to pay them off as well? And how do the organised business classes get paid off? By their getting to take the land of the inhabitants of rural India. And land in an environment of a debauching of money and other paper assets is as good as gold.

So the peasants will lose their land to the government’s businessman friends on the one hand while purportedly getting “guaranteed” employment and food from the government’s bureaucrats on the other! A landless, asset-less slave population, free to join the industrial proletariat! Is that what Amartya wants to see in India? It may become what results within a few decades from his and his acolytes’ words and deeds.

Rajiv Gandhi once gave me his private phone numbers at 10 Jan Path. I used them back in January 1991 during the Gulf war. But I cannot do so now as Rajiv is gone. Amartya can. Let him phone Sonia and prevail upon her to put the brakes on the wild food and employment schemes he and his friends have persuaded her about until he reads and reflects upon what I said in January 2007 in “On Land-Grabbing” and in my July 2007 open letter to him, reproduced below:

“At a business meet on 12 January 2005, Dr Manmohan Singh showered fulsome praise on Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee as “dynamic”, “the Nation’s Best Chief Minister”, whose “wit and wisdom”, “qualities of head and heart”, “courage of conviction and passionate commitment to the cause of the working people of India” he admired, saying “with Buddhadeb Babu at the helm of affairs it appears Bengal is once again forging ahead… If today there is a meeting of minds between Delhi and Kolkata, it is because the ideas that I and Buddhadebji represent have captured the minds of the people of India. This is the idea of growth with equity and social justice, the idea that economic liberalization and modernization have to be mindful of the needs of the poor and the marginalized.”…. Dr Singh returned to the “needs of the poor and the marginalized” at another business meet on 8 January 2007 promising to “unveil a new Rehabilitation Policy in three months to increase the pace of industrialisation” which would be “more progressive, humane and conducive to the long-term welfare of all stakeholders”, while his businessman host pointedly stated about Singur “land for industry must be made available to move the Indian manufacturing sector ahead”. The “meeting of minds between Delhi and Kolkata” seems to be that agriculture allegedly has become a relatively backward slow-growing sector deserving to yield in the purported larger national interest to industry and services: what the PM means by “long-term welfare of all stakeholders” is the same as the new CPI-M party-line that the sons of farmers should not remain farmers (but become automobile technicians or IT workers or restaurant waiters instead). It is a political viewpoint coinciding with interests of organised capital and industrial labour in India today, as represented by business lobbies like CII, FICCI and Assocham on one hand, and unions like CITU and INTUC on the other. Business Standard succinctly (and ominously) advocated this point of view in its lead editorial of 9 January as follows: “it has to be recognised that the world over capitalism has progressed only with the landed becoming landless and getting absorbed in the industrial/service sector labour force ~ indeed it is obvious that if people don’t get off the land, their incomes will rise only slowly”. Land is the first and ultimate means of production, and the attack of the powerful on land-holdings or land-rights of the unorganised or powerless has been a worldwide phenomenon ~ across both capitalism and communism. In the mid-19th Century, white North America decimated hundreds of thousands of natives in the most gargantuan land-grab of history. Defeated, Chief Red Cloud of the Sioux spoke in 1868 for the Apache, Navajo, Comanche, Cheyenne, Iroquois and hundreds of other tribes: “They made us many promises, more than I can remember, but they never kept any except one: they promised to take our land, and they took it.” Half a century later, while the collapse of grain prices contributed to the Great Depression and pauperisation of thousands of small farmers in capitalist America in the same lands that had been taken from the native tribes, Stalin’s Russia embarked on the most infamous state-sponsored land-grab in modern history: “The mass collectivisation of Soviet agriculture (was) probably the most warlike operation ever conducted by a state against its own citizens…. Hundreds of thousands and finally millions of peasants… were deported… desperate revolts in the villages were bloodily suppressed by the army and police, and the country sank into chaos, starvation and misery… The object of destroying the peasants’ independence…was to create a population of slaves, the benefit of whose labour would accrue to industry. The immediate effect was to reduce Soviet agriculture to a state of decline from which it has not yet recovered… The destruction of the Soviet peasantry, who formed three quarters of the population, was not only an economic but a moral disaster for the entire country. Tens of millions were driven into semi-servitude, and millions more were employed as executants…” (Kolakowski, Main Currents of Marxism). Why did Stalin destroy the peasants? Lenin’s wishful “alliance between the proletariat and the peasantry” in reality could lead only to the peasants being pauperised into proletarians. At least five million peasants died and (Stalin told Churchill at Yalta) another ten million in the resultant famine of 1932-1933. “Certainly it involved a struggle ~ but chiefly one between urban Communists and villagers… it enabled the regime to obtain much of the capital desired for industrialization from the defeated village… it was the decisive step in the building of Soviet totalitarianism, for it imposed on the majority of the people a subjection which only force could maintain” (Treadgold, 20th Century Russia). Mr Bhattacharjee’s CPI-M is fond of extolling Chinese communism, and the current New Delhi establishment have made Beijing and Shanghai holiday destinations of choice. Dr Singh’s Government has been eager to create hundreds of “Special Economic Zones” run by organised capital and unionised labour, and economically privileged by the State. In fact, the Singur and Nandigram experiences of police sealing off villages where protests occur are modelled on creation of “Special Economic Zones” in China in recent years. For example, Chinese police on 6 December 2005 cracked down on farmers and fishermen in the seaside village of Dongzhou, 125 miles North East of Hong Kong. Thousands of Dongzhou villagers clashed with troops and armed police protesting confiscation of their lands and corruption among officials. The police immediately sealed off the village and arrested protesters. China’s Public Security Ministry admitted the number of riots over land had risen sharply, reaching more than seventy thousand across China in 2004; police usually suppressed peasant riots without resort to firing but in Dongzhou, police firing killed 20 protesters. Such is the reality of the “emergence” of China, a totalitarian police-state since the Communist takeover in 1949, from its period of mad tyranny until Mao’s death in 1976, followed by its ideological confusion ever since. Modern India’s political economy today remains in the tight grip of metropolitan “Big Business” and “Big Labour”. Ordinary anonymous individual citizens ~ whether housewife, consumer, student, peasant, non-union worker or small businessman ~ have no real voice or representation in Indian politics. We have no normal conservative, liberal or social democratic party in this country, as found in West European democracies where the era of land-grabbing has long-ceased. If our polity had been normal, it would have known that economic development does not require business or government to pauperise the peasantry but instead to define and secure individual property rights and the Rule of Law, and establish proper conditions for the market economy. The Congress and BJP in Delhi and CPI-M in Kolkata would not have been able to distract attention from their macroeconomic misdeeds over the decades ~ indicated, for example, by increasing interest-expenditure paid annually on Government debt as a fraction of tax revenues… This macroeconomic rot originated with the Indira Gandhi-PN Haksar capriciousness and mismanagement, which coincided with the start of Dr Singh’s career as India’s best known economic bureaucrat….”

“Professor Amartya Sen, Harvard University, Dear Professor Sen, Everyone will be delighted that someone of your worldwide stature has joined the debate on Singur and Nandigram; The Telegraph deserves congratulations for having made it possible on July 23. I was sorry to find though that you may have missed the wood for the trees and also some of the trees themselves. Perhaps you have relied on Government statements for the facts. But the Government party in West Bengal represents official Indian communism and has been in power for 30 years at a stretch. It may be unwise to take at face-value what they say about their own deeds on this very grave issue! Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely, and there are many candid communists who privately recognise this dismal truth about themselves. To say this is not to be praising those whom you call the “Opposition” ~ after all, Bengal’s politics has seen emasculation of the Congress as an opposition because the Congress and communists are allies in Delhi. It is the Government party that must reform itself from within sua sponte for the good of everyone in the State. The comparisons and mentions of history you have made seem to me surprising. Bengal’s economy now or in the past has little or nothing similar to the economy of Northern England or the whole of England or Britain itself, and certainly Indian agriculture has little to do with agriculture in the new lands of Australia or North America. British economic history was marked by rapid technological innovations in manufacturing and rapid development of social and political institutions in context of being a major naval, maritime and mercantile power for centuries. Britain’s geography and history hardly ever permitted it to be an agricultural country of any importance whereas Bengal, to the contrary, has been among the most agriculturally fertile and hence densely populated regions of the world for millennia. Om Prakash’s brilliant pioneering book The Dutch East India Company and the Economy of Bengal 1630-1720 (Princeton 1985) records all this clearly. He reports the French traveller François Bernier saying in the 1660s “Bengal abounds with every necessary of life”, and a century before him the Italian traveller Verthema saying Bengal “abounds more in grain, flesh of every kind, in great quantity of sugar, also of ginger, and of great abundance of cotton, than any country in the world”. Om Prakash says “The premier industry in the region was the textile industry comprising manufacture from cotton, silk and mixed yarns”. Bengal’s major exports were foodstuffs, textiles, raw silk, opium, sugar and saltpetre; imports notably included metals (as Montesquieu had said would always be the case). Bengal did, as you say, have industries at the time the Europeans came but you have failed to mention these were mostly “agro-based” and, if anything, a clear indicator of our agricultural fecundity and comparative advantage. If “deindustrialization” occurred in 19th Century India, that had nothing to do with the “deindustrialization” in West Bengal from the 1960s onwards due to the influence of official communism. You remind us Fa Hiaen left from Tamralipta which is modern day Tamluk, though he went not to China but to Ceylon. You suggest that because he did so Tamluk effectively “was greater Calcutta”. I cannot see how this can be said of the 5th Century AD when no notion of Calcutta existed. Besides, modern Tamluk at 22º18’N, 87º56’E is more than 50 miles inland from the ancient port due to land-making that has occurred at the mouth of the Hooghly. I am afraid the relevance of the mention of Fa Hiaen to today’s Singur and Nandigram has thus escaped me. You say “In countries like Australia, the US or Canada where agriculture has prospered, only a very tiny population is involved in agriculture. Most people move out to industry. Industry has to be convenient, has to be absorbing”. Last January, a national daily published a similar view: “For India to become a developed country, the area under agriculture has to shrink, urban and industrial land development has to take place, and about 100 million workers have to move out from agriculture into industry and services. This is the only way forward for bringing prosperity to the rural population”. Rice is indeed grown in Arkansas or Texas as it is in Bengal but there is a world of difference between the technological and geographical situation here and that in the vast, sparsely populated New World areas with mechanized farming! Like shoe-making or a hundred other crafts, agriculture can be capital-intensive or labour-intensive ~ ours is relatively labour-intensive, theirs is relatively capital-intensive. Our economy is relatively labour-abundant and capital-scarce; their economies are relatively labour-scarce and capital-abundant (and also land-abundant). Indeed, if anything, the apt comparison is with China, and you doubtless know of the horror stories and civil war conditions erupting across China in recent years as the Communist Party and their businessman friends forcibly take over the land of peasants and agricultural workers, e.g. in Dongzhou. All plans of long-distance social engineering to “move out” 40 per cent of India’s population (at 4 persons per “worker”) from the rural hinterlands must also face FA Hayek’s fundamental question in The Road to Serfdom: “Who plans whom, who directs whom, who assigns to other people their station in life, and who is to have his due allotted by others?” Your late Harvard colleague, Robert Nozick, opened his brilliant 1974 book Anarchy, State and Utopia saying: “Individuals have rights, and there are things no person or group may do to them (without violating their rights)”. You have rightly deplored the violence seen at Singur and Nandigram. But you will agree it is a gross error to equate violence perpetrated by the Government which is supposed to be protecting all people regardless of political affiliation, and the self-defence of poor unorganised peasants seeking to protect their meagre lands and livelihoods from state-sponsored pogroms. Kitchen utensils, pitchforks or rural implements and flintlock guns can hardly match the organised firepower controlled by a modern Government. Fortunately, India is not China and the press, media and civil institutions are not totally in the hands of the ruling party alone. In China, no amount of hue and cry among the peasants could save them from the power of organised big business and the Communist Party. In India, a handful of brave women have managed to single-handedly organise mass movements of protest which the press and media have then broadcast that has shocked the whole nation to its senses. You rightly say the land pricing process has been faulty. Irrelevant historical prices have been averaged when the sum of discounted expected future values in an inflationary economy should have been used. Matters are even worse. “The fear of famine can itself cause famine. The people of Bengal are afraid of a famine. It was repeatedly charged that the famine (of 1943) was man-made.” That is what T. W. Schultz said in 1946 in the India Famine Emergency Committee led by Pearl Buck, concerned that the 1943 Bengal famine should not be repeated following dislocations after World War II. Of course since that time our agriculture has undergone a Green Revolution, at least in wheat if not in rice, and a White Revolution in milk and many other agricultural products. But catastrophic collapses in agricultural incentives may still occur as functioning farmland comes to be taken by government and industry from India’s peasantry using force, fraud or even means nominally sanctioned by law. If new famines come to be provoked because farmers’ incentives collapse, let future historians know where responsibility lay. West Bengal’s real economic problems have to do with its dismal macroeconomic and fiscal position which is what Government economists should be addressing candidly. As for land, the Government’s first task remains improving grossly inadequate systems of land-description and definition, as well as the implementation and recording of property rights. With my most respectful personal regards, I remain, Yours ever, Suby”

How does India, as a state, treat its weakest and most vulnerable citizens? Not very well at all. It is often only because families and society have not collapsed completely, as they have elsewhere, that the weakest survive. Can we solve in the 21st Century, in a practical manner appropriate to our times, the problem Buddha raised before he became the Buddha some twenty six centuries ago? Says Eliot,

“The legend represents him as carefully secluded from all disquieting sights and as learning the existence of old age, sickness and death only by chance encounters which left a profound impression”

It is to this list we add “the poor” too, especially if we want to include a slightly later and equally great reformer some miles west of the Terai in the Levant. I said some years ago “As we as infants and children need to be helped to find courage to face the start of life, we when very elderly can need to be helped to find courage to face life’s end”. Old age carries with it the fear of death, fear of the end of life and what that means, which raises the meaning of life itself, or at least of the individual life, because we can hardly grasp what the end of life is if we haven’t what it is supposed to be the end of in the first place. What the very elderly need, as do the dying and terminally ill, is to find courage within themselves to comprehend all this with as much equanimity as possible. Companionship and camaraderie — or perhaps let us call it love — go towards that courage coming to be found; something similar goes for the sick, whether a sick child missing school or the elderly infirm, courage that they are not alone and that they can and will recover and not have to face death quite yet, that life will indeed resume.

As for the poor, I said in 2009 about the bizarre Indian scheme of “interrogating, measuring, photographing and fingerprinting them against their will” that “the poor have their privacy and their dignity. They are going to refuse to waste their valuable time at the margins of survival volunteering for such gimmickry.”

“What New Delhi’s governing class fails to see is that the masses of India’s poor are not themselves a mass waiting for New Delhi’s handouts: they are individuals, free, rational, thinking individuals who know their own lives and resources and capacities and opportunities, and how to go about living their lives best. What they need is security, absence of state or other tyranny, roads, fresh water, electricity, functioning schools for their children, market opportunities for work, etc, not handouts from a monarch or aristocrats or businessmen….” Or, to put it differently in Kant’s terms, the poor need to be treated as ends in themselves, and not as the means towards the ends of others…

Part II India’s Right Road Forward Now: Some Thoughtful Analysis for Grown Ups

5. Transcending a Left-Right/Congress-BJP Divide in Indian Politics

6. Budgeting Military & Foreign Policy

7. Solving the Kashmir Problem & Relations with Pakistan

8. Dealing with Communist China

9. Towards Coherence in Public Accounting, Public Finance & Public Decision-Making

10. India’s Money: Towards Currency Integrity at Home & Abroad

Posted in Academic research, Amartya Sen, Arvind Panagariya, Asia and the West, Bengal's Public Finances, Bhagwati-Sen spat, BJP, Britain in India, Cambridge Univ Economics, Cambridge University, Columbia University, Congress Party, Congress Party History, Credit markets, Economic inequality, Economic Policy, Economic quackery, Economic Theory, Economic Theory of Growth, Economic Theory of Interest, Economic Theory of Value, Economics of Public Finance, Financial Repression, Governance, Government accounting, Government of India, India's Big Business, India's Cabinet Government, India's Government economists, India's 1991 Economic Reform, India's balance of payments, India's Budget, India's bureaucracy, India's Capital Markets, India's constitutional politics, India's corruption, India's currency history, India's Economic History, India's Economy, India's Exports, India's Foreign Exchange Reserves, India's Government Budget Constraint, India's Industry, India's inflation, India's Macroeconomics, India's Monetary & Fiscal Policy, India's Polity, India's Public Finance, India's Reserve Bank, India's State Finances, Institute of Economic Affairs, Jagdish Bhagwati, Jean Drèze, LK Advani, Manmohan Singh, Margaret Thatcher's Revolution, Mihir Kumar Roy (MKRoy), Milton Friedman, Money and banking, Padma Desai, Paper money and deposits, Political Economy, Public Choice/Public Finance, Public property waste fraud, Rajiv Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi's assassination, Reverse-Euro Model for India, Sen-Bhagwati spat, Siddhartha Shankar Ray, Sonia Gandhi, Subroto Roy, Sukhamoy Chakravarty, The Times (London), University of Hawaii, William E (Ted) James (1951-2010). Leave a Comment »

Twenty Years Ago in New Delhi March 18-23 1991: Excerpt from “Rajiv Gandhi & the Origins of India’s 1991 Economic Reform” (2011)

March 21, 2011 — drsubrotoroy

Twenty Years Ago in New Delhi March 18-23 1991: Excerpt from https://independentindian.com/thoughts-words-deeds-my-work-1973-2010/rajiv-gandhi-and-the-origins-of-indias-1991-economic-reform/

“I returned to Delhi on Monday, March 18, 1991 as new elections had been announced. Rasgotra said I should be in touch with Krishna Rao, and the next day March 19 Krishna Rao met me for several hours. I told him what I thought were the roots and results of the Gulf war. He in turn generously told me what had happened while I had been away. He said the group had met Rajiv in December with the proposal that Rajiv better organize his time by having an “office manager” of larger political stature than George. The name of a UP Congressman of integrity had been put forward, but nothing had come of it. Rajiv had been advised to keep Chandrashekhar in power through the autumn of 1991, as Chandrashekhar was doing Rajiv’s work for him of sidelining V. P. Singh. The idea was to cooperate with Chandrashekhar until he could be pushed up to the Presidency when that fell vacant. Rajiv had been advised not to work in a Chandrashekhar cabinet, though in my opinion, had we been like the Scandinavians, it was not impossible for a former prime minister to enter another cabinet on the right terms in the national interest of providing stable government, which was imperative at the time. Things seem to have slipped out of control when Chandrashekhar resigned. At that point, Rajiv called the group together and instructed them to write a draft of the manifesto for the impending elections. I had advised readiness back in September but the lack of organization had prevented much tangible progress at the time. Our group was to now report to a political manifesto-committee of three senior party leaders who would report to Rajiv. They were Narasimha Rao, Pranab Mukherjee and Madhavsingh Solanki. Krishna Rao liased with Narasimha Rao, Krishnamurty with Mukherjee, Pitroda with Solanki. While Rajiv would obviously lead a new Congress Government, Mukherjee was the presumptive Finance Minister, while Narasimha Rao and Solanki would have major portfolios though Narasimha Rao was expected to retire before too long.

Krishna Rao said I should be in touch with Krishnamurty who was preparing the economic chapters of the draft of the manifesto. Krishnamurty told me he had brought in A. M. Khusro to the group, and there would be a 5 p.m. meeting at Khusro’s office at the Aga Khan Foundation. I arrived early and was delighted to meet Khusro, and he seemed pleased to meet me. Khusro seemed excited by my view that India and Pakistan were spending excessively on defence against each other, which resonated with his own ideas, and he remarked the fiscal disarray in India and Pakistan could start to be set right by mutually agreed cuts in military spending. (Khusro was eventually to accompany Prime Minister Vajpayee to Lahore in 1999).

Krishnamurty had prepared a draft dated March 18 of several pages of the economic aspects of the manifesto. After our discussions, Krishnamurty was hospitable enough to open the draft to improvement. That evening, the 19th, I worked through the night and the next morning to get by noon copies of a revised version with all the members of the group. At 4 p.m. on the 20th there was a meeting at Andhra Bhavan of the whole group except Pitroda, which went on until the night. The next day the 21st , Krishnamurty, Khusro and I met again at Andhra Bhavan for a few hours on the economic aspects of the draft. Then in mid-afternoon I went to Rasgotra’s home to work with him and Krishna Rao. They wanted me to produce the economic draft which they could then integrate as they wished into the material they were dictating to a typist. I offered instead to absorb their material directly on to my laptop computer where the economic draft was. Rasgotra was reluctant to let go control, and eventually I gave in and said I would get them a hard copy of the economic draft, which they then planned to re-draft via a stenographer on a typewriter. At this, Rasgotra gave in and agreed to my solution. So the work began and the three of us continued until late.

That night Krishna Rao dropped me at Tughlak Road where I used to stay with friends. In the car I told him, as he was a military man with heavy security cover for himself as a former Governor of J&K, that it seemed to me Rajiv’s security was being unprofessionally handled, that he was vulnerable to a professional assassin. Krishna Rao asked me if I had seen anything specific by way of vulnerability. With John Kennedy and De Gaulle in mind, I said I feared Rajiv was open to a long-distance sniper, especially when he was on his campaign trips around the country.

This was one of several attempts I made since October 1990 to convey my clear impression to whomever I thought might have an effect that Rajiv seemed to me extremely vulnerable. Rajiv had been on sadhbhavana journeys, back and forth into and out of Delhi. I had heard he was fed up with his security apparatus, and I was not surprised given it seemed at the time rather bureaucratized. It would not have been appropriate for me to tell him directly that he seemed to me to be vulnerable, since I was a newcomer and a complete amateur about security issues, and besides if he agreed he might seem to himself to be cowardly or have to get even closer to his security apparatus. Instead I pressed the subject relentlessly with whomever I could. I suggested specifically two things: (a) that the system in place at Rajiv’s residence and on his itineraries be tested, preferably by some internationally recognized specialists in counter-terrorism; (b) that Rajiv be encouraged to announce a shadow-cabinet. The first would increase the cost of terrorism, the second would reduce the potential political benefit expected by terrorists out to kill him. On the former, it was pleaded that security was a matter being run by the V. P. Singh and then Chandrashekhar Governments at the time. On the latter, it was said that appointing a shadow cabinet might give the appointees the wrong idea, and lead to a challenge to Rajiv’s leadership. This seemed to me wrong, as there was nothing to fear from healthy internal contests for power so long as they were conducted in a structured democratic framework. I pressed to know how public Rajiv’s itinerary was when he travelled. I was told it was known to everyone and that was the only way it could be since Rajiv wanted to be close to the people waiting to see him and had been criticized for being too aloof. This seemed to me totally wrong and I suggested that if Rajiv wanted to be seen as meeting the crowds waiting for him then that should be done by planning to make random stops on the road that his entourage would take. This would at least add some confusion to the planning of potential terrorists out to kill him. When I pressed relentlessly, it was said I should probably speak to “Madame”, i.e. to Mrs. Rajiv Gandhi. That seemed to me highly inappropriate, as I could not be said to be known to her and I should not want to unduly concern her in the event it was I who was completely wrong in my assessment of the danger. The response that it was not in Congress’s hands, that it was the responsibility of the V. P. Singh and later the Chandrashekhar Governments, seemed to me completely irrelevant since Congress in its own interests had a grave responsibility to protect Rajiv Gandhi irrespective of what the Government’s security people were doing or not doing. Rajiv was at the apex of the power structure of the party, and a key symbol of secularism and progress for the entire country. Losing him would be quite irreparable to the party and the country. It shocked me that the assumption was not being made that there were almost certainly professional killers actively out to kill Rajiv Gandhi — this loving family man and hapless pilot of India’s ship of state who did not seem to have wished to make enemies among India’s terrorists but whom the fates had conspired to make a target. The most bizarre and frustrating response I got from several respondents was that I should not mention the matter at all as otherwise the threat would become enlarged and the prospect made more likely! This I later realized was a primitive superstitious response of the same sort as wearing amulets and believing in Ptolemaic astrological charts that assume the Sun goes around the Earth — centuries after Kepler and Copernicus. Perhaps the entry of scientific causality and rationality is where we must begin in the reform of India’s governance and economy. What was especially repugnant after Rajiv’s assassination was to hear it said by his enemies that it marked an end to “dynastic” politics in India. This struck me as being devoid of all sense because the unanswerable reason for protecting Rajiv Gandhi was that we in India, if we are to have any pretensions at all to being a civilized and open democratic society, cannot tolerate terrorism and assassination as means of political change. Either we are constitutional democrats willing to fight for the privileges of a liberal social order, or ours is truly a primitive and savage anarchy concealed beneath a veneer of fake Westernization.

The next day, Friday March 22, I worked from dawn to get the penultimate draft to Krishna Rao before noon as planned the night before. Rasgotra arrived shortly, and the three of us worked until evening to finish the job. I left for an hour to print out copies for a meeting of the entire group, where the draft we were going to submit would come to be decided. When I got back I found Rasgotra had launched an extended and quite unexpected attack on what had been written on economic policy. Would someone like Manmohan Singh, Rasgotra wanted to know, agree with all this talk we were putting in about liberalization and industrial efficiency? I replied I did not know what Manmohan Singh’s response would be but I knew he had been in Africa heading something called the South-South Commission for Julius Nyrere of Tanzania. I said what was needed was a clear forceful statement designed to restore India’s credit-worthiness, and the confidence of international markets. I said that the sort of thing we should aim for was to make clear, e.g. to the IMF’s man in Delhi when that person read the manifesto, that the Congress Party at least knew its economics and was planning to make bold new steps in the direction of progress. I had argued the night before with Rasgotra that on foreign policy we should “go bilateral” with good strong ties with individual countries, and drop all the multilateral hogwash. But I did not wish to enter into a fight on foreign policy which he was writing, so long as the economic policy was left the way we said. Krishnamurty, Khusro and Pitroda came to my defence saying the draft we had done greatly improved on the March 18 draft. For a bare half hour or so with all of us present, the draft was agreed upon. Later that night at Andhra Bhavan, I gave Krishna Rao the final copy of the draft manifesto which he was going to give Narasimha Rao the next day, and sent a copy to Krishnamurty who was liaising with Pranab Mukherjee. Pitroda got a copy on a floppy disc the next day for Solanki.

In its constructive aspects, the March 22 1991 draft of the Congress manifesto went as follows with regard to economic policy: “CHAPTER V AGENDA FOR ECONOMIC ACTION 1. Control of Inflation …. The Congress believes the inflation and price-rise of essential commodities… is a grave macroeconomic problem facing the country today. It has hit worst the poorest and weakest sections of our people and those with fixed incomes like pensioners. The Congress will give highest priority to maintaining the prices of essential commodities, increasing their production and supply using all appropriate economic instruments. 2. Macroeconomic Policy Framework To control inflation of the general price-level, the Congress will provide a predictable long-term policy framework. The average Indian household and business will not have their lives and plans disrupted by sudden changes in economic policy. Coherent monetary policy measures will be defined as called for by the Report of Experts of the Reserve Bank of India in 1985. The Long-Term Fiscal Policy introduced by the Congress Government of 1984-1989 will be revived. Medium and long-term export-import policies will be defined. The basis for a strong India must be a strong economy. The Congress believes a high rate of real growth is essential for securing a strong national defence, social justice and equity, and a civilized standard of living for all. As the party of self-reliance, Congress believes resources for growth must be generated from within our own economy. This means all wasteful and unproductive Government spending has to be cut, and resources transferred from areas of low priority to areas of high national priority. Subsidies have to be rationalized and reduced, and productivity of investments already made has to be improved. The widening gap between revenue receipts and revenue expenditure must be corrected through fiscal discipline, and the growing national debt brought under control as a matter of high priority. These policies in a consistent framework will create the environment for the freeing of the rupee in due course, making it a hard currency of the world of which our nation can be proud. Public resources are not unlimited. These have to be allocated to high priority areas like essential public services, poverty-reduction, strategic sectors, and protection of the interests of the weaker sections of society. Government has to leave to the initiative and enterprise of the people what can be best done by themselves. Government can now progressively vacate some areas of activity to the private, cooperative and non-government sectors. Black money in the parallel economy has become the plague of our economic and political system. This endangers the social and moral fabric of our nation. Artificial price controls, excessive licensing, capacity restrictions, outmoded laws on rent control and urban ceiling, and many other outdated rules and regulations have contributed to pushing many honest citizens into dishonest practices. The Congress will tackle the problem of black money at its roots by attacking all outmoded and retrograde controls, and simplifying procedures in all economic spheres. At the same time, the tax-base of the economy must be increased via simplification and rationalization of tax-rates and coverage, user-fees for public goods, and reduction of taxes wherever possible to improve incentives and stimulate growth. 3. Panchayati Raj India’s farmers and khet mazdoors are the backbone of our economy. Economic development is meaningless until their villages provide them a wholesome rural life. The Congress will revitalize Panchayat Raj institutions to decentralize decision-making, so development can truly benefit local people most effectively. 4. Rural Development Basic economic infrastructure like roads, communications, fresh drinking water, and primary health and education for our children must reach all our villages. The Congress believes such a policy will also relieve pressures from migration on our towns and cities…… Through the Green Revolution which the Congress pioneered over 25 years, our farmers have prospered. Now our larger farmers must volunteer to contribute more to the national endeavour, and hence to greater equity and overall economic development. Equity demands land revenue should be mildly graduated so that small farmers holding less than one acre pay less land revenue per acre…. 9. Education and Health The long-run prosperity of our nation depends on the general state of education, health and well-being of our people. Small families give themselves more choice and control over their own lives. Improving female literacy, promoting the welfare of nursing mothers and reducing infant mortality will have a direct bearing on reducing the birth-rate and improving the health and quality of all our people. Primary and secondary education has high social returns and is the best way in the long-run for achievement of real equality. Efforts will be made to reduce the cost of education for the needy through concessional supply of books and other study materials, scholarships and assistance for transportation and residential facilities. The Congress Party pledges to dedicate itself to promoting education, especially in rural areas and especially for girls and the weaker sections of society. The next Congress Government will prepare and launch a 10-year programme for introduction of free and compulsory primary education for all children of school age. It will continue to emphasize vocational bias in education, integrating it closely with employment opportunities…. 11. Industrial Efficiency Our industrial base in the private and public sectors are the core of our economy. What we have achieved until today has been creditable, and we are self-reliant in many areas. Now the time has come for industry to provide more efficiency and better service and product-quality for the Indian consumer. The public sector has helped the Indian economy since Independence and many national goals have been achieved. Now it has become imperative that the management of public sector units is made effective, and their productivity increased. Major steps must be taken for greater accountability and market-orientation. Failure to do this will make our country lose more and more in the international economy. Budgetary support will be given only for public sector units in the core and infrastructure sectors. Emphasis will be on improving performance and productivity of existing investments, not on creating added organizations or over manning. Units not in the core sector will be privatised gradually. Even in core sectors like Telecommunications, Power, Steel and Coal, incremental needs can be taken care of by the private sector. The Government-Enterprise interface must be properly defined in a White Paper. The Congress believes privatisation must distribute the profits equitably among the people of India. In order to make our public enterprises truly public, it is essential that the shares of many such enterprises are widely held by the members of the general public and workers. Congress pledges to allot a proportion of such shares to the rural Panchayats and Nagarpalikas. This will enhance their asset-base and yield income for their development activities, as well as improve income-distribution. 12. Investment and Trade Indian industry, Government and professional managers are now experienced enough to deal with foreign companies on an equal footing, and channel direct foreign investment in desired directions. Foreign companies often bring access to advanced technological know-how, without which the nation cannot advance. The Congress Government will formulate a pragmatic policy channelling foreign investment into areas important to the national interest. Every effort must be made also to encourage Indians who are outside India to invest in the industry, trade and real estate of their homeland. Because of the protected and inflationary domestic market, Indian industry has become complacent and the incentive for industrial exports has been weakened. When all production is comfortably absorbed at home, Indian industry makes the effort to venture into exports only as a last resort. This must change. A Congress Government will liberalize and deregulate industry to make it competitive and export-oriented, keeping in mind always the interests of the Indian consumer in commercial policy. Export-oriented and predictable commercial policies will be encouraged. Existing procedural constraints and bottlenecks will be removed. Quotas and tariffs will be rationalized. Thrust areas for export-development will be identified and monitored. Efforts will be made to develop a South Asian Community. Trade and economic cooperation among South Asian countries must be increased and simplified.”

This March 22 1991 draft of the Congress’s intended economic policies got circulated and discussed, and from it rumours and opinions appeared that Congress was planning to launch a major economic reform in India. Economic Times said the manifesto “is especially notable for its economic agenda” and Business Standard said “if party manifestos decide election battles” Congress must be “considered home and dry”. A senior IMF official told me three years later the manifesto had indeed seemed a radical and bold move in the direction of progress, which had been exactly our intended effect.

When I met Manmohan Singh at the residence of S. S. Ray in September 1993 in Washington, Ray told him and his senior aides the Congress manifesto had been written on my computer. Manmohan Singh smiled and said that when Arjun Singh and other senior members of the Congress had challenged him in the cabinet, he had pointed to the manifesto. Yet, oddly enough, while the March 22 draft got discussed and circulated, and the Indian economic reform since July 1991 corresponded in fundamental ways to its contents as reproduced above, the actual published Congress manifesto in April 1991 was as tepid and rhetorical as usual, as if some party hack had before publication put in the usual nonsense about e.g. bringing down inflation via price-controls. Certainly the published manifesto was wholly undistinguished in its economic aspects, and had nothing in it to correspond to the bold change of attitude towards economic policy that actually came to be signalled by the 1991 Government.

On March 23, our group was to meet Rajiv at noon. There was to be an event in the inner lawns of Rajiv’s residence in the morning, where he would launch Krishna Rao’s book on India’s security. Krishna Rao had expressly asked me to come but I had to wait outside the building patiently, not knowing if it was a mistake or if it was deliberate. This was politics after all, and I had ruffled feathers during my short time there. While I waited, Rajiv was speaking to a farmers’ rally being held at grounds adjoining his residence, and there appeared to be thousands of country folk who had gathered to hear him. When it was over, Rajiv, smiling nervously and looking extremely uncomfortable, was hoisted atop people’s shoulders and carried back to the residence by his audience. As I watched, my spine ran cold at the thought that any killer could have assassinated him with ease in that boisterous crowd, right there in the middle of Delhi outside his own residence. It was as if plans for his security had been drawn up without any strategic thinking underlying them.

Krishna Rao arrived and graciously took me inside for his book launch. The event was attended by the Congress’s top brass, including Narasimha Rao whom I met for the first time, as well as foreign military attaches and officers of the Indian armed forces. The attaché of one great power went about shaking hands and handing out his business card to everyone. I stood aside and watched. Delhi felt to me that day like a sieve, as if little could be done without knowledge of the embassies. One side wanted to sell arms, aircraft or ships, while the other wanted trips abroad or jobs or green cards or whatever for their children. And I thought Islamabad would be worse — could India and Pakistan make peace in this fetid ether?

Proceedings began when Rajiv arrived. This elite audience mobbed him just as the farmers had mobbed him earlier. He saw me and beamed a smile in recognition, and I smiled back but made no attempt to draw near him in the crush. He gave a short very apt speech on the role the United Nations might have in the new post-Gulf War world. Then he launched the book, and left for an investiture at Rashtrapati Bhavan.

We waited for our meeting with him, which finally happened in the afternoon. Rajiv was plainly at the point of exhaustion and still hard-pressed for time. He seemed pleased to see me and apologized for not talking in the morning. Regarding the March 22 draft, he said he had not read it but that he would be doing so. He said he expected the central focus of the manifesto to be on economic reform, and an economic point of view in foreign policy, and in addition an emphasis on justice and the law courts. I remembered our September 18 conversation and had tried to put in justice and the courts into our draft but had been over-ruled by others. I now said the social returns of investment in the judiciary were high but was drowned out again. Rajiv was clearly agitated that day by the BJP and blurted out he did not really feel he understood what on earth they were on about. He said about his own family, “We’re not religious or anything like that, we don’t pray every day.” I felt again what I had felt before, that here was a tragic hero of India who had not really wished to be more than a happy family man until he reluctantly was made into a national leader against his will. We were with him for an hour or so. As we were leaving, he said quickly at the end of the meeting he wished to see me on my own and would be arranging a meeting. One of our group was staying back to ask him a favour. Just before we left, I managed to say to him what I felt was imperative: “The Iraq situation isn’t as it seems, it’s a lot deeper than it’s been made out to be.” He looked at me with a serious look and said “Yes I know, I know.” It was decided Pitroda would be in touch with each of us in the next 24 hours. During this time Narasimha Rao’s manifesto committee would read the draft and any questions they had would be sent to us. We were supposed to be on call for 24 hours. The call never came. Given the near total lack of system and organization I had seen over the months, I was not surprised. Krishna Rao and I waited another 48 hours, and then each of us left Delhi. Before going I dropped by to see Krishnamurty, and we talked at length. He talked especially about the lack of the idea of teamwork in India. Krishnamurty said he had read everything I had written for the group and learned a lot. I said that managing the economic reform would be a critical job and the difference between success and failure was thin.

I got the afternoon train to Calcutta and before long left for America to bring my son home for his summer holidays with me. In Singapore, the news suddenly said Rajiv Gandhi had been killed. All India wept. What killed him was not merely a singular act of criminal terrorism, but the system of humbug, incompetence and sycophancy that surrounds politics in India and elsewhere. I was numbed by rage and sorrow, and did not return to Delhi. Eleven years later, on 25 May 2002, press reports said “P. V. Narasimha Rao and Manmohan Singh lost their place in Congress history as architects of economic reforms as the Congress High command sponsored an amendment to a resolution that had laid credit at the duo’s door. The motion was moved by…. Digvijay Singh asserting that the reforms were a brainchild of the late Rajiv Gandhi and that the Rao-Singh combine had simply nudged the process forward.” Rajiv’s years in Government, like those of Indira Gandhi, were in fact marked by profligacy and the resource cost of poor macroeconomic policy since bank-nationalisation may be as high as Rs. 125 trillion measured in 1994 rupees. Certainly though it was Rajiv Gandhi as Leader of the Opposition in his last months who was the principal architect of the economic reform that came to begin after his passing.”

Rajiv Gandhi 20 August 1944- 21 May 1991

Rajiv-Gandhi-and-the-origins-of-indias-1991-economic-reform/
. See also https://independentindian.com/2013/08/23/did-jagdish-bhagwati-originate-pioneer-intellectually-father-indias-1991-economic-reform-did-manmohan-singh-or-did-i-through-my-encounter-with-rajiv-gandhi-just-as-siddhartha-shan/also

https://independentindian.com/2011/05/21/twenty-years-ago-today-march-23-1991-an-excerpt/

Posted in Congress Party, Congress Party History, History of Indian National Congress, India's 1991 Economic Reform, India's constitutional politics, India's crimes, India's Economy, India's political parties, India's Politics, Indian National Congress, Manmohan Singh, Political assassinations, Rajiv Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi's assassination, Sonia Gandhi. Leave a Comment »

Will the Telangana flare-up awaken New Delhi from its dream-world and into India’s political reality?

December 13, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

Subroto Roy thinks the flare-up of the Telangana issue has one and only one positive consequence: it brings home to New Delhi’s ruling elite that there are real political questions in India, and not everything can be left to spin-doctors and lobbyists to handle.

Important summits in the USA, Russia, Copenhagen can be attended by the Prime Minister of India as he is not a Member of the Lok Sabha

December 7, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

Subroto Roy notes that since Dr Manmohan Singh is the first Indian Prime Minister ever to have chosen with deliberation not to be a member of the Lok Sabha, he has been free to hold important summits at the White House, Kremlin, Copenhagen etc while the Lok Sabha debates mundane matters like the Liberhan Commission report, inflation etc.

Parliament is supposed to control the Government, not be bullied or intimidated by it: Will Rahul Gandhi be able to lead the Backbenches in the 15th Lok Sabha?

June 1, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

Any Lok Sabha MP who neither sits with the Opposition nor is a sworn-in member of the Government is a Backbench MP of the Government party or its coalition.

Shrimati Sonia Gandhi is the most prominent of such Backbench MPs in the 15th Lok Sabha, just as she was of the 14th Lok Sabha, and has chosen to be in a most peculiar position from the point of view of parliamentary law. As the leader of the largest parliamentary party, she could have been not merely a member of the Government but its Prime Minister. She has in fact had a decisive role in determining the composition of the Manmohan Government as well as its policies. She in fact sits on the Frontbenches in the Lok Sabha along with the Manmohan Government. But she is not a member of the Government and is, formally speaking, a Backbench MP who is choosing to sit in the Frontbenches.

(Dr Manmohan Singh himself, not being a member of the Lok Sabha, may, formally speaking, sit or speak from among the Frontbenches of his own Government only by invitation of the Lok Sabha Speaker as a courtesy – such would have been the cardinal reason why Alec Douglas-Home resigned from being Lord Home and instead stood for a House of Commons seat when he was appointed British Prime Minister.)

Sonia Gandhi’s son, Mr Rahul Gandhi, is also a Backbench MP. From all accounts, including that of Dr Singh himself, he could have been a member of Dr Singh’s Government but has specifically chosen not to be. He has appeared to have had some much lesser role than Sonia Gandhi in determining the composition of the Government and its policies but he is not a member of it. He is, formally speaking, a Backbench MP, indeed the most prominent to actually sit in the Backbenches, as he had done in the 14th Lok Sabha, which, it is to be hoped, he does in the 15th Lok Sabha too.

Now Rahul Gandhi, Sonia Gandhi and their 541 other fellow 15th Lok Sabha MPs were declared winners by May 16 2009 having won the Indian people’s vote.

(Incidentally, I predicted the outcome here two hours before polls closed on May 13 – how I did so is simply by having done the necessary work of determining that some 103 million people had voted for Congress in 2004 against some 86 million for the BJP; in my assessment Congress had done more than enough by way of political rhetoric and political reality to maintain if not extend that difference in 2009, i.e., the BJP had not done nearly enough to even begin to get enough of a net drift in its favour. I expect when the data are out it shall be seen that the margin of the raw vote between them has been much enlarged from 2004.)

As I have pointed out here over the last fortnight, there was no legal or logical reason why the whole 15th Lok Sabha could not have been sworn in latest by May 18 2009.

Instead, Dr Manmohan Singh on May 18 held a purported “Cabinet” meeting of the defunct 14th Lok Sabha – an institution that had been automatically dissolved when Elections had been first announced! The Government then went about forming itself over two weeks despite the 15th Lok Sabha, on whose confidence it depended for its political legitimacy, not having been allowed to meet. Everyone – the Congress Party’s Supreme Court advocates, the Lok Sabha Secretariat, the Election Commission, Rashtrapati Bhavan too – seems to have gotten it awfully wrong by placing the cart before the horse.

In our system it is Parliament that is sovereign, not the Executive Government. In fact the Executive is accountable to Parliament, specifically the Lok Sabha, and is supposed to be guided by it as well as hold its confidence at all times.

What has happened instead this time is that Government ministers have been busy taking oaths and entering their offices and making policy-decisons days before they have taken their oaths and their seats as Lok Sabha MPs! The Government has thus started off by diminishing Parliament’s sovereignty and this should not be allowed to happen again.

(Of course why it took place is because of the peculiarity of the victory relative to our experience in recent decades – nobody could remember parliamentary traditions from Nehru’s time in the 1950s. Even so, someone, e.g. the former Speaker, should have known and insisted upon explaining the relevant aspect of parliamentary law and hence avoided this breach.)

A central question now is whether a Government which has such a large majority, and which is led by someone in and has numerous ministers from the Rajya Sabha, is going to be adequately controlled and feel itself accountable to the Lok Sabha.

Neither of the Lok Sabha’s most prominent Backbenchers, Sonia Gandhi and Rahul Gandhi, have thus far distinguished themselves as Parliamentarians on the floor of the Lok Sabha. In the 14th Lok Sabha, Sonia Gandhi, sitting in the Frontbenches, exercised the enormous control that she did over the Government not on the floor of the House itself but from outside it.

It would be best of all if she chose in the 15th Lok Sabha to actually physically sit in the Congress’s Backbenches because that would ensure best that the Government Party’s ministers in the Frontbenches will keep having to seek to be accountable to the Backbenches!

But this seems unlikely to happen in view of the fact she herself seems to have personally influenced the choice of a Speaker for the 15th Lok Sabha and it may be instead expected that she continues to sit on the Frontbenches with the Government without being a member of it.

That leaves Rahul Gandhi. If he too comes to be persuaded by the sycophants to sit on the Frontbenches with the Government, that will not be a healthy sign.

On the other hand, if he continues to sit on the Backbenches, he may be able to have a salubrious influence on the 15th Lok Sabha fulfilling its responsibility of seeking to seriously control and hold accountable the Executive Government, and not be bullied or intimidated by it. His paternal grandfather, Feroze Gandhi, after all, may have been India’s most eminent and effective Backbench MP yet.

Subroto Roy, Kolkata

Note to Posterity: 79 Ministers in office but no 15th Lok Sabha until June 1 2009!

May 29, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

The Government of India’s 79 Ministers have taken to their offices like bees to honey yet the 15th Lok Sabha that the people of India elected a fortnight ago is still three days from being convened.

In other words, people have been taking oaths and entering offices as Ministers even before they have taken their oaths or their seats in the 15th Lok Sabha which accords the Government its political legitimacy by its confidence!

Let posterity recall that the 15th Lok Sabha was made to needlessly wait from May 16 2009 until June 1 2009 and despite this the Government formed itself and entered office during that time. It cannot be something that helps the psychology or morale of our elected representatives nor be something conducive to the smooth working of the House.

It is all a terrible constitutional muddle which I doubt the PM or his party or Government, or even the Opposition, will admit to or want to clear up on their own but shall probably have to await a Constitutional Bench of the Supreme Court of India telling them what parliamentary law is in due course.

Subroto Roy

Eleven days and counting after the 15th Lok Sabha was elected and still no Parliament of India! (But we do have 79 Ministers — might that be a world record?)

May 28, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

A lawyer friend tells me she thinks it a “technicality” that there is no Lok Sabha or Parliament in India today despite eleven long days and nights having passed since the 15th Lok Sabha came to be elected by the people of India. “At least we did not get Advani and Modi to rule”, is how she sought to justify the current circumstance. I am afraid I think she has produced a non sequitur, and also forgotten the constitutional law she would have read as a student.

The best argument that I think the Government of India shall be able to give justifying their legal error in not having the 15th Lok Sabha up and running yet 11 days after India’s people have spoken would run something like this:

(1) The President of India invites a Council of Ministers led by a PM to form the government and has done so.

(2) The President must be satisfied that the PM commands a majority in the Lok Sabha, and the President has been satisfied by the 322 “letters of support” that the PM produced.

(3) The Government of the day calls parliamentary sessions and does so at its discretion, and the Government of the day headed by this PM has announced when it shall call the 15th Lok Sabha which will be in a few days yet.

Any such argument, I am afraid, would be specious because it simply puts the cart before the horse.

Parliament is sovereign in India, to repeat what I have said several times before.

Parliament is sovereign in India — not even the President who is the symbol of that sovereignty. We do not follow the British quite exactly in this because we are a republic and not a monarchy. In Britain sovereignty rests with “The King in Parliament”. With us, Parliament is sovereign and the President is the symbol of that sovereignty. In all matters of state, our President must act in a manner that Parliament and parliamentary law says.

Parliament is sovereign in India — not the Executive Government, certainly not its largest political party or its leader.

Parliament is sovereign in India because the people of India have chosen it to be so within the Constitution of India.

Parliament is sovereign in India and the people of India have elected the 15th Lok Sabha which has still not been allowed to meet eleven days later.

To the contrary, as noted days ago, the purported “Cabinet” of the 14th Lok Sabha, a dead institution, met on May 18 2009, some 48 hours after the 15th Lok Sabha had already been declared! The 14th Lok Sabha in fact stood automatically dissolved in law when General Elections came to be announced.

Is all this merely a “technicality” as my friend believes? I think not.

Executive Government in India derives its political legitimacy from being elected by Parliament, i.e., from holding the confidence of Parliament, and that means the Lok Sabha.

The Government of the day might for sake of convenience have a prerogative of calling sessions of the 15th Lok Sabha once it has been constituted but the Government of the day cannot logically constitute a Lok Sabha after a General Election because it itself receives legitimacy from such a Lok Sabha.

If the 15th Lok Sabha has not met, confidence in any Executive has yet to be recorded, and hence any such Government has yet to receive legitimacy.

Do “322 letters of support” suffice? Hardly. They are signed after all by persons who have yet to take their seats in the Lok Sabha! (Let us leave aside the fact that the PM, not being a member of the Lok Sabha, is in this case unable to be one of those 322 himself!)

Yet we have 79 “Ministers” of this new “Government” holding press-conferences and giving out free-bees and favours etc already. As I have said before, Ambedkar, Nehru and others of their generation, plus Indira and Rajiv too, would all have been appalled.

Because the incompetence of the fascists and communists in the Opposition may continue to be expected, it will be up to ordinary citizens and voters of India to point out such simple truths whenever the Emperor is found to be naked. (Our docile juvenile ingratiating media may well remain mostly hopeless.)

Subroto Roy

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Why does India not have a Parliament ten days after the 15th Lok Sabha was elected? Nehru and Rajiv would both have been appalled (2009)

May 27, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

see too

Why has the Sonia Congress done something that the Congress under Nehru-Indira-Rajiv would not have done, namely, exaggerate the power of the Rajya Sabha and diminish the power of the Lok Sabha?

Parliament’s sovereignty has been diminished by the Executive: A record for future generations to know (2009)

Eleven days and counting after the 15th Lok Sabha was elected and still no Parliament of India! (But we do have 79 Ministers — might that be a world record?)

There are at least three Supreme Court lawyers, all highly voluble, among the higher echelons of Congress Party politicians; it is surprising that not one of them has been able to get the top Party leadership of Sonia Gandhi and Manmohan Singh to see the apparent breach of normal constitutional law in Parliament not having met more than 10 days after it was elected.

A Government has been formed, Ministers have entered their offices and have been holding press-conferences and taking executive decisions, wannabe-Ministers continue to be wrangling night-and-day for the plums of office — BUT THERE IS NO PARLIAMENT!

Today is the death-anniversary of Jawaharlal Nehru and last week was the death anniversary of Rajiv Gandhi.

Nehru, whatever his faults and infirmities, was an outstanding parliamentarian and a believer in the Westminster model in particular. He was intimately familiar with its unpoken customs and unwritten laws. He would have been completely appalled by the situation today where luminaries of the party that goes by the same name as the one he had led are paying obeisance to his memory 45 years after his death but have failed to see the absurdity in having a Government in office with no new Parliament ten days after a month-long General Election was over! (Incidentally, had he not left explicit instructions against any hero-worship taking place of himself too?)

Rajiv knew his grandfather and had acquired a sense of noblesse oblige from him. He too would have been appalled that the procedural business of government had been simply procrastinated over like this.

It surprises me that Dr Manmohan Singh, having been a post-graduate of Cambridge, having earned a doctorate from Oxford, and more recently having been awarded honorary doctorates from both Ancient Universities, should seem so unaware of the elements of the Westminster model of constitutional jurisprudence which guides our polity too.

It is too late now and the mistakes have been made. I hope his new Government will come to realise at some point and then keep in mind that our Executive receives political legitimacy from Parliament, not vice versa. An Executive can hardly be legitimately in office until the Parliament that is supposed to elect it has been sworn in.

As for our putative Opposition in the Parliament-yet-to-meet, it seems to have drawn a blank too, and eo ipso revealed its own constitutional backwardness and lethargy.

Subroto Roy

Posted in 15th Lok Sabha, Asia and the West, Britain, Britain in India, Britain's Parliament, British history, British Universities, Comparative Government, Congress Party, Constitutional law, Constitutional monarchy, Constitutional Politics, Elections, Government of India, India's 2009 General Election, India's Constitution, India's constitutional politics, India's Democracy, India's Election Commission, India's independence, India's Jurisprudence, India's Lok Sabha, India's nomenclatura, India's Parliament, India's political parties, India's Politics, India's Polity, India's Presidency, India's Rajya Sabha, India's Rule of Law, India's Supreme Court, Jawaharlal Nehru, Manmohan Singh, Parliamentary Government, Parliamentary Procedure, Political Philosophy, Political Science, Politics, Rajiv Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi's assassination, Sonia Gandhi, Westminster model. Leave a Comment »

Parliament’s sovereignty has been diminished by the Executive: A record for future generations to know (2009)

May 25, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

Sad to say, Parliament’s sovereignty has been diminished, indeed usurped, by the new Executive Government.

Here is a brief record for future generations to know.

India’s people completed their voting in the 15th General Elections on Wednesday May 13 2009.

The results of how they had spoken, what was their will, were known and declared by Saturday May 16 2009.

There was no legal or logical reason why the 543 members of the 15th Lok Sabha could not have been sworn in as new MPs by the close-of-business on Monday May 18 at the latest.

On Tuesday May 19 the 15th Lok Sabha could have and should have met to elect itself a pro tem or even a permanent Speaker.

The Speaker would have divided the new House into its Government Party and its Opposition.

There would have been a vote of confidence on the floor of the House, which in the circumstances would have been in favour of the Government Party.

Observing this to have taken place, the Hon’ble President of India as the Head of State would have sent for the leader of the Government Party and invited her to form the new Government.

In this particular case, the leader of the largest political party, namely Sonia Gandhi, would have been accompanied perhaps by the Leader of the Lok Sabha, Pranab Mukherjee, as well as her personal nominee for the position of PM, namely, Manmohan Singh.

Sonia Gandhi would have respectfully declined the invitation of the President to be the new Prime Minister, and she would have also explained that she wanted Manmohan Singh to have the position instead.

The President would have said “Very well, Dr Singh, can you please form the Government?”

He would have said, “Yes Madame President it shall be a privilege and an honour to do so”.

The President would have added, “Thank you, and I notice you are not a member of the Lok Sabha at the moment but I am sure you are taking steps towards becoming one.”

End of visit.

Manmohan Singh would have been sworn in as PM and would have gone about adding Ministers at a measured pace. Later, he would have resigned his Rajya Sabha seat and sought election to the Lok Sabha on the parliamentary precedent set by Alec Douglas-Home.

What has happened instead?

On May 18 2009, instead of 543 members of the 15th Lok Sabha taking their oaths as required by parliamentary law and custom, Dr Singh held a purported “Cabinet” meeting of the 14th Lok Sabha — a long-since dead institution!

Some of the persons attending this meeting as purported “Cabinet ministers” had even lost their seats in the elections decided a few days earlier and so had absolutely zero democratically legitimate status left. All these persons then submitted their purported resignations which Dr Singh carried to the President, stating his Government had resigned. The President then appointed him a caretaker PM and he, along with Sonia Gandhi, then went about “staking claim” to form the next Government — turning up at the President’s again with “letters of support” signed by some 322 persons who were MP-elects but were yet to become MPs formally by not having been sworn in.

The President appeared satisfied the party Sonia Gandhi and Manmohan Singh belonged to would command a majority in prospect in the Lok Sabha and invited him to be PM. Some major public wrangling then took place with at least one of his allies about cabinet berths — and that is the situation as of the present moment except that Dr Singh and several others have been sworn in as the Council of Ministers even though the new 15th Lok Sabha of 543 members has still not convened! It has been all rather sloppy and hardly uplifting.

Parliament is supposed to be sovereign in India.

Not the Executive Government or the largest political party or its leader.

The sovereignty of Parliament required Sonia Gandhi and Dr Singh to have realised

first, that the 14th Lok Sabha stood automatically dissolved when elections were announced;

secondly, that the 15th Lok Sabha could have and should have been sworn in by Monday May 18;

thirdly, that there should have been a vote of confidence in the Lok Sabha immediately which would have gone in favour of the Government Party;

fourthly, that only then should the Executive Government have been sought to be formed;

and of course fifthly, that if that Executive Government was to be led by someone who happened to be a member of the Rajya Sabha and not the Lok Sabha, parliamenary law and custom required him to follow the Douglas-Home precedent of resigning from the former and seeking election to the latter at the earliest opportunity.

Let future generations know that as of today, May 25, the 543 persons whom the people of India voted to constitute the 15th Lok Sabha still remain in limbo without having been sworn in though we already have an Executive Government appointed!

The sovereignty of Parliament, specifically that of the Lok Sabha, has come to be diminished, indeed usurped, by the Executive. It is the Executive that receives its political legitimacy from Parliament, not vice versa. Nehru and his generation knew all this intimately well and would have been appalled at where we in the present have been taking it.

Subroto Roy

Why has the Sonia Congress done something that the Congress under Nehru-Indira-Rajiv would not have done, namely, exaggerate the power of the Rajya Sabha and diminish the power of the Lok Sabha?

May 21, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

We in India did not invent the idea of Parliament, the British did. Even the British did not invent the idea of a “Premier Ministre”, the French did that, though the British came to develop its meaning most. Because these are not our own inventions, when something unusual happens in contemporary India to political entities and offices known as “Parliament”, “Prime Minister” etc, contrast and comparison is inevitable with standards and practices that have prevailed around the world in other parliamentary democracies.

Indeed we in India did not even fully invent the idea of our own Parliament though the national struggle led by the original Indian National Congress caused it to come to be invented. The Lok Sabha is the outcome of a long and distinguished constitutional and political history from the Morley-Minto reforms a century ago to the Montagu-Chelmsford reforms and Government of India Act of 1919 to the Government of India Act of 1935 and the first general elections of British India in 1937 (when Jawaharlal Nehru briefly became PM for the first time) and in due course the 1946 Constituent Assembly. Out of all this emerged the 1950 Constitution of India, drafted by that brilliant jurist BR Ambedkar as well as other sober intelligent well-educated and dedicated men and women of his time, and thence arose our first Lok Sabha following the 1951 General Elections.

About the Lok Sabha’s duties, I said in my March 30 2006 article “Logic of Democracy” in The Statesman

“What are Lok Sabha Members and State MLAs legitimately required to be doing in caring for their constituents? First of all, as a body as a whole, they need to elect the Government, i.e. the Executive Branch, and to hold it accountable in Parliament or Assembly. For example, the Comptroller and Auditor General submits his reports directly to the House, and it is the duty of individual legislators to put these to good use in controlling the Government’s waste, fraud or abuse of public resources. Secondly, MPs and MLAs are obviously supposed to literally represent their individual constituencies in the House, i.e. to bring the Government and the House’s attention to specific problems or contingencies affecting their constituents as a whole, and call for the help, funds and sympathy of the whole community on their behalf. Thirdly, MPs and MLAs are supposed to respond to pleas and petitions of individual constituents, who may need the influence associated with the dignity of their office to get things rightly done. For example, an impoverished orphan lad once needed surgery to remove a brain tumour; a family helping him was promised the free services of a top brain surgeon if a hospital bed and operating theatre could be arranged. It was only by turning to the local MLA that the family were able to get such arrangements made, and the lad had his tumour taken out at a public hospital. MPs and MLAs are supposed to vote for and create public goods and services, and to use their moral suasion to see that existing public services actually do get to reach the public.”

What about the Rajya Sabha? I said in the same article:

“Rajya Sabha Members are a different species altogether. Most if not all State Legislative Councils have been abolished, and sadly the present nature of the Rajya Sabha causes similar doubts to arise about its utility. The very idea of a Rajya Sabha was first mooted in embryo form in an 1888 book A History of the Native States of India, Vol I. Gwalior, whose author also advocated popular constitutions for the “Indian India” of the “Native States” since “where there are no popular constitutions, the personal character of the ruler becomes a most important factor in the government… evils are inherent in every government where autocracy is not tempered by a free constitution.” When Victoria was declared India’s “Empress” in 1877, a “Council of the Empire” was mooted but had remained a non-starter even until the 1887 Jubilee. An “Imperial Council” was now designed of the so-called “Native Princes”, which came to evolve into the “Chamber of Princes” which became the “Council of the States” and the Rajya Sabha. It was patterned mostly on the British and not the American upper house except in being not liable to dissolution, and compelling periodic retirement of a third of members. The American upper house is an equal if not the senior partner of the lower house. Our Rajya Sabha follows the British upper house in being a chamber which is duty-bound to oversee any exuberance in the Lok Sabha but which must ultimately yield to it if there is any dispute. Parliament in India’s democracy effectively means the Lok Sabha — where every member has contested and won a direct vote in his/her constituency. The British upper house used to have an aristocratic hereditary component which Tony Blair’s New Labour Government has now removed, so it has now been becoming more like what the Rajya Sabha was supposed to have been like.”

The Canadian upper house is similar to ours in intent: a place for “sober second thought” intended to curb the “democratic excesses” of the lower house. In the Canadian, British, Australian, Irish and our own cases, the Prime Minister, as the chief executive of the lower house has immense indirect power over the upper house, whether in appointing members or even, in the Australian case, dissolving the entire upper house if he/she wishes.

Now yesterday apparently Shrimati Sonia Gandhi, as the duly elected leader of the largest political party in the 15th Lok Sabha, accompanied by Dr Manmohan Singh, as her party’s choice for the position of Prime Minister, went to see the President of India where the Hon’ble President apparently appointed Dr Singh to be the Prime Minister of India – meaning the Prime Minister of the 15th Lok Sabha, except that Dr Singh is not a member of the Lok Sabha and apparently has had no intent of becoming one.

In 2004 Shrimati Gandhi had declined to accept an invitation to become PM and instead effectively recommended Dr Singh to be PM despite his not being a member of the Lok Sabha nor intending to be so. This exploited a constitutional loophole to the extent that the drafters of our 1950 Constitution happened not to have explicitly stated that the PM must be from the Lok Sabha. But the reason the founders of our democratic polity such as BR Ambedkar and Jawaharlal Nehru did not specify that the PM must be from the Lok Sabha was quite simply that it was a matter of complete obviousness to them and to their entire generation that this must be so — it would have been appalling to them and something beyond their wildest imagination that a later generation, namely our own, would exploit such a loophole and allow a PM to be appointed who is not a member of the Lok Sabha and intends not to be so.

Ambedkar, Nehru and all others of their time knew fully well that the history and intended purpose of the Lok Sabha was completely different from the history and intended purpose of the Rajya Sabha. They knew too fully well that Lord Curzon had been explicitly denied the leadership of Britain’s Tory Party in 1922 because that would have made him a potential PM when he was not prepared to be a member of the House of Commons. That specific precedent culminated a centuries’-old democratic trend of political power flowing from monarchs to lords to commoners, and has governed all parliamentary democracies worldwide ever since — until Dr Singh’s appointment in 2004.

When such an anomalous situation once arose in Britain, Lord Home resigned his membership of the House of Lords to contest a House of Commons seat as Sir Alec Douglas Home so that he could be PM in a manner consistent with parliamentary law.

Dr Singh instead for five years remained PM of India while not being a member of the Lok Sabha. Even if reasons and exigencies of State could have been cited for such an anomalous situation during his first term, there was really no such reason for him not to contest the 2009 General Election if he wished to be the Congress Party’s prime ministerial candidate a second time. Numerous Rajya Sabha members alongside him have contested Lok Sabha seats this time, and several have won.

As of today, Dr Singh is due to be sworn in tomorrow as Prime Minister for a second term while still having no declared intention of resigning from the Rajya Sabha and contesting a Lok Sabha seat instead. What the present-day Congress has done is elect him the leader of the “Congress Parliamentary Party” and claim that it is in such a capacity that he received the invitation to be Prime Minister of India. But surely if the question had been asked to the Congress Party under Nehru or Indira or Rajiv: “Can you foresee a circumstance ever in which the PM of India is not a member of the Lok Sabha?” their answer in each case would have been a categorical and resounding “no”.

So the question does arise why the Congress under Sonia Gandhi has with deliberation allowed such an anomalous situation to develop. Its effect is to completely distort the trends of relative political power between the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. On the one hand, the Lok Sabha’s power is deliberately made to diminish as the chief executive of the Government of India shall not be from the Lok Sabha but from “the other place” despite the Lok Sabha having greater political legitimacy by having been directly elected by India’s people. This sets a precedent that might get repeated in India in the future but which contradicts the worldwide trend in parliamentary democracies over decades and centuries in precisely the opposite direction – of power flowing in the direction of the people not away from them. On the other hand, the fact this anomalous idea has been pioneered by the elected leader of the largest political party in the Lok Sabha while her PM is in the Rajya Sabha causes a member of the lower house to have unexpected control over the upper house when the latter is supposed to be something of an independent check on the former!

It all really seems an unnecessary muddle and a jumbling up of normal constitutional law and parliamentary procedure. The Sonia-Manmohan Government at the outset of its second term should hardly want to be seen by history as having set a poor precedent using brute force. The situation can be corrected with the utmost ease by following the Alec Douglas Home example, with Dr Singh being given a relatively safe seat to contest as soon as possible, if necessary by some newly elected Congress MP resigning and allowing a bye-election to be called.

Subroto Roy

Posted in 15th Lok Sabha, Academic research, Alec Douglas Home, American democracy, Asia and the West, Athenian democracy, Bengal Constitutional Politics, Bengal Legislative Council, BR Ambedkar, Britain, Britain in India, Britain's monarchy, British history, Canadian Senate, Comparative Government, Congress Party, Conservative Party Britain, Constitutional law, Constitutional monarchy, Constitutional Politics, Curzon, Democracy, Expertise and democracy, France, Freedom, Government accounting, Government of India, India's 2009 General Election, India's Constitution, India's constitutional politics, India's Democracy, India's Electorate, India's History, India's independence, India's Jurisprudence, India's Lok Sabha, India's Nationalism, India's nomenclatura, India's Parliament, India's Polity, India's Presidency, India's Rajya Sabha, India's Rule of Law, Indian National Congress Origins, Indira Gandhi, International Law, Jawaharlal Nehru, Law, Manmohan Singh, Parliamentary Government, Parliamentary Procedure, Political Philosophy, Political Science, Rajiv Gandhi, Sonia Gandhi. 2 Comments »

What’s all this business about political parties “staking a claim” to Government? Can there not be more dignified behaviour towards the President of India?

May 20, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

Press reports today say “With a comfortable majority in the Lok Sabha, UPA Chairperson Sonia Gandhi and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh will meet President Pratibha Patil to stake claim (sic) to form the new government. This was decided unanimously at a meeting of the leaders of the United Progressive Alliance in which Gandhi was re-elected its Chairperson.” (emphasis added)

“Stake claim”?

“To stake a claim” is to show that you believe something is yours or to declare that something belongs to you.

Is that what Jawaharlal Nehru did with Dr Rajendra Prasad or Dr Radhakrishnan? He went and said something like “Now look here Mr President, I would like to stake my claim to be Prime Minister of India now that this here General Election is over and I won”?

Is anyone else at present submitting any competing “claims” to the President? Of course not. Is the President unaware of the fact the General Elections are now over, or that she has a solemn duty to perform of inviting the leader of the largest political party in the new Lok Sabha to Rashtrapati Bhavan for an important chat? Why does it have to be said that someone has to “stake a claim” to be asked to form the Government when the field is open and there is no sign of any other “claimant”? Besides there has been the rush of political parties shooting off letters to the President declaring their support of Shrimati Gandhi and Dr Singh when they “stake claim” to the Government. What does the President of India do with such letter-carriers when they turn up at her doorstep uninvited? Offer each of them a cup of tea and a smile?

It is all hardly sober or uplifting — in fact, it is all rather undignified.

Perhaps a President of India might someday murmur something to the politicians like “Really, why do we need such talk about “staking claims”; I was going to invite you anyway.”

Posted in 15th Lok Sabha, Congress Party, India's Constitution, India's constitutional politics, India's Democracy, India's Jurisprudence, India's Lok Sabha, India's Parliament, India's Presidency, Manmohan Singh, Parliamentary Government, Parliamentary Procedure, Sonia Gandhi. Leave a Comment »

Starting with Procedural Error: Why has the “Cabinet” of the 14th Lok Sabha been meeting today AFTER the results of the Elections to the 15th Lok Sabha have been declared?!

May 18, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

The 14th Lok Sabha stood automatically dissolved when General Elections to the 15th Lok Sabha were first announced. A fortiori so did its Council of Ministers and its “Cabinet”.

Yet this morning Dr Manmohan Singh has held a purported “Cabinet Meeting” of the 14th Lok Sabha where its “members” (some of whom lost their seats!) purportedly submitted their “resignations” which he will then convey to the President with a request that the 14th Lok Sabha be dissolved!

Nyet!

The 14th Lok Sabha was dissolved and came to end eo ipso with the calling of the General Elections and any Council of Ministers and Cabinet that continued in existence was necessarily of a caretaker nature.

The 15th Lok Sabha has been elected as soon as the Election Commission has certified its final results. There can be no legitimate “Cabinet” of the 14th Lok Sabha subsisting alongside the 15th Lok Sabha even for one logical moment.

It is surprising we must begin perhaps with such a simple procedural error. It suggests there may be more to come. We must be sorry to see the steady corrosion of parliamentary law and custom.

Subroto Roy

Postscript: In the interregnum between the dissolution of the 14th Lok Sabha when General Elections are announced and the actual declaration of the results of the 15th, which has in fact taken a month or more, there is no functioning legislative branch of Government — though I would not disagree that if a national emergency like a war occurred during that period, the President in her wisdom would have a right to recall the 14th Lok Sabha if necessary as a kind of “caretaker” body for the duration of the emergency.

Posted in 15th Lok Sabha, Constitutional law, Constitutional Politics, Government of India, India's 2009 General Election, India's Constitution, India's constitutional politics, India's Democracy, India's Election Commission, India's Jurisprudence, India's Lok Sabha, India's Parliament, Manmohan Singh, Parliamentary Government, Parliamentary Procedure, Sonia Gandhi. Leave a Comment »

Inviting a new Prime Minister of India to form a Government: Procedure Right and Wrong (updated 2019 since 2009)

May 18, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

2019

Better Procedure:

So @LokSabhaSectt @rashtrapatibhvn here's the best timetable for #17thLokSabha:
Th 23/5 Results declared
Fri 24/5 EC certifies results
Sat Sun 25 26/5 Members sworn in
Mon 27/5 Speaker pro tem divides House; Prez invites new @PMOIndia to form a Gov't
Tue 28/5 Cabinet appointed https://t.co/d4mxufcTKX

— Dr Subroto Roy (@subyroy) May 19, 2019

So @LokSabhaSectt @rashtrapatibhvn please follow my timetable for #17thLokSabha:
Th 23/5 Results declared
Fri 24/5 EC certifies results
Sat Sun 25 26/5 Members sworn in
Mon 27/5 Speaker pro tem divides House; Prez invites new @PMOIndia to form a Gov't
Tue 28/5 Cabinet appointed https://t.co/hGwEe8mQ3J

— Dr Subroto Roy (@subyroy) May 19, 2019

So @LokSabhaSectt @rashtrapatibhvn please follow my timetable for #17thLokSabha: Th 23/5 Results declared Fri 24/5 EC certifies results Sat Sun 25 26/5 Members sworn in Mon 27/5 Speaker pro tem divides House; Prez invites new @PMOIndia to form a Gov’t Tue 28/5 Cabinet appointed

Better Procedure for #17thLokSabha.. Respected @rashtrapatibhvn @VPSecretariat @LokSabhaSectt @PMOIndia 16LS no longer exists as soon as results are certified by @ECISVEEP… Let 543 members of new #17thLokSabha be sworn in immediately one by one; let them elect a Speaker pro tem.

Let the Speaker pro tem divide the House between a putative Government & Opposition… Let @rashtrapatibhvn then invite the leader of the former side to visit him for a chat… @VPSecretariat @LokSabhaSectt @PMOIndia #17thLokSabha better then before please

Gen Chohan: Utopia not possible Prof. We can only dream IMO.

It’s the correct parliamentary logic tho.. Not hard to do… @ECISVEEP @SpokespersonECI informs @LokSabhaSectt of winning candidates; LS informs 543 new members of #17thLokSabha to turn up pronto and be sworn in; elect a Speaker pro tem, divide the House; @rashtrapatibhvn invites

It's the correct parliamentary logic tho.. Not hard to do… @ECISVEEP @SpokespersonECI informs @LokSabhaSectt of winning candidates; LS informs 543 new members of #17thLokSabha to turn up pronto and be sworn in; elect a Speaker pro tem, divide the House; @rashtrapatibhvn invites https://t.co/FUmwG3QykF

— Dr Subroto Roy (@subyroy) May 18, 2019

Worse Procedure:

Halla gulla … lists… parades of signatories… you know… Dilliwalla histrionics…

2009:

Better Procedure

The Hon’ble President of India invites the leader of the single largest political party in the 15th Lok Sabha to visit Rashtrapati Bhavan.

The leader does so, bringing with her, her own nominee for the Prime Ministership of India as she herself wishes to decline the invitation to be PM.

The President meets the leader alone and extends the invitation.

The invitation is respectfully declined with the recommendation that the Hon’ble President may perhaps consider instead the name of the person nominated by the leader.

The President agrees and extends the invitation to the latter in the presence of the leader. The latter accepts with thanks.

The President observes that since the PM-elect in this case happens not to be a member of the Lok Sabha, she hopes that he shall soon become one.

The meeting ends.

Worse Procedure

The leader of the single largest political party in the 15th Lok Sabha publicly announces her nominee for the position of Prime Minister.

The Hon’ble President of India comes to learn of this from the newspapers or television and extends an invitation to the latter.

The latter visits Rashtrapati Bhavan, receives and accepts the President’s invitation to form a Government.

Of related interest:

Parliament’s sovereignty has been diminished by the Executive

Memo to the Hon’ble President of India: It is Sonia Gandhi, not Manmohan Singh, who should be invited to our equivalent of the “Kissing Hands” Ceremony

Starting with Procedural Error: Why has the “Cabinet” of the 14th Lok Sabha been meeting today AFTER the results of the Elections to the 15th Lok Sabha have been declared?!

Memo to the Hon’ble President of India (May 16, 2009)

May 16, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

H.E. The Hon’ble Shrimati Pratibha Patil

President of India

Your Excellency,

As India is fortunately a Republic and not a Monarchy, we do not have a “Kissing Hands Ceremony” where “the monarch invites the incoming prime minister to form a government and swear allegiance to the throne”.

While we do not have such a ceremony literally, we do have its republican equivalent in the well-established constitutional custom of the President of India after a General Election inviting one person to be Prime Minister and to form the new Government.

It soon shall be your solemn duty to invite such a new Prime Minister of India to form the Government.

Given the results of the 15th General Elections to the Lok Sabha, that invitation may be extended only to the Leader of the winning coalition in the Lok Sabha, who is Shrimati Sonia Gandhi.

The outgoing Prime Minister, Dr Manmohan Singh, not having contested the Lok Sabha election, may not by you be invited to be Prime Minister at this stage.

What happened in 2004 was that Shrimati Sonia Gandhi declined to accept such an invitation and instead effectively appointed Dr Singh to be PM despite his not being a member of the Lok Sabha nor intending to be so.

This exploited a constitutional loophole to the extent that our Constitution did not explicitly state that the PM must be from the Lok Sabha.

What may have been passable as the hurried exploitation of a loophole in 2004 is surely not acceptable in 2009.

Why the founders of our democratic polity such as BR Ambedkar and Jawaharlal Nehru did not specify that the PM must be from the Lok Sabha was quite simply that it was a matter of complete obviousness to them and to their entire generation that this must be so — it would have been appalling to them and something beyond their wildest imagination that a later generation, namely our own, would exploit this loophole and allow a PM to be appointed who is not a member of the Lok Sabha and intends not to be so.

Ambedkar, Nehru and all others of their time knew fully well that Lord Curzon had been explicitly denied the leadership of Britain’s Tory Party in 1922 because that would have made him a potential PM when he was not prepared to be a member of the House of Commons.

That specific precedent (culminating a centuries-old democratic trend of political power flowing from monarchs to lords to commoners) has governed all parliamentary democracies worldwide ever since — until Dr Singh’s appointment in 2004.

In fact, when such an anomalous situation once arose in Britain, Lord Home resigned his membership of the House of Lords to contest a House of Commons seat as Sir Alec Douglas Home so that he could be PM in a manner consistent with parliamentary law.

I believe you are fully within constitutional law and precedent to invite Shrimati Sonia Gandhi to form the new Government of India after the 15th General Elections to the Lok Sabha. If she declines and instead requests again the use of the loophole to appoint Dr Singh as PM, I believe that parliamentary law and precedent requires him to resign from the Rajya Sabha and instead contest a seat in the Lok Sabha.

Respectfully submitted

Subroto Roy, PhD (Cantab.), BScEcon (London)

Citizen and Voter

Postscript: Please see also here “Inviting a new Prime Minister of India to form a Government: Procedure Right and Wrong”.

My 2009 prediction of the Sonia Congress election win

May 13, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

It is now coming up to be 3 pm Indian Standard Time on May 13, the last day of India’s 2009 General Elections, and there are two hours left for the polls to close. I am happy to predict a big victory for the Congress Party, and Sonia Gandhi and her son Rahul will deserve congratulations for it.

How the victory takes shape is, I think, by their having won the median voter on both the economic and the secular-communal axes of Indian politics. (See my 2008 published graph on the Median Voter Model in Indian politics, available elsewhere here).

I have met Sonia Gandhi once, in December 1991 at her home, where I gave her a tape of her husband’s conversations with me during the first Gulf War in 1991. Her son and I met momentarily in her husband’s office in 1990-1991 but I do not recall any conversation. I have had nothing to do with her Government. Dr Manmohan Singh and I have met twice, once in Paris in the autumn of 1973 and once in Washington in September 1993; on the latter occasion, I was introduced to him and his key aides by Siddhartha Shankar Ray as the person on whose laptop the Congress manifesto of 1991 had been composed for Rajiv, something described elsewhere here. (I also gave him then a copy of the published book that emerged from the University of Hawaii perestroika-for-India project, Foundations of India’s Political Economy: Towards an Agenda for the 1990s, edited by myself and WE James.) On the former occasion, Dr Singh had kindly acceded to my father’s request to visit our then-home to advise me on economics before I started as a freshman undergraduate at the London School of Economics.

In May 2004 I was interviewed by BBC television in England and I praised the UPA in prospect — in comparison to the horrors of the Vajpayee-Advani regime (including my personal experience of it, when their Education Minister had sent an astrology-believing acolyte to supposedly run a scientific/technical institute).

Since 2005, especially in the columns of The Statesman, I have dispensed rational criticism of the UPA Government as harshly as I have criticised the BJP/RSS and the Communists. Principally, I believe they have got some (perhaps most) much of their economics (quite badly) wrong as well as their jurisprudence and foreign policy; they have also been willingly under the influence of the powerful organised lobbies and interest groups that populate our capital cities.

Even so, I think there is a large electoral victory in prospect for the Congress, and I send them my early congratulations. They have done enough by way of political rhetoric and political reality to maintain or enhance their vote-share; their oppositions on either side have both failed badly. The BJP may make some marginal gains especially in Bihar but they have generally done enough to lose the day. The CPM too will lose popularity especially in Bengal, and will never progress until they fire their JNU economists which they are never going to do.

So, Sonia-Rahul, well done!

But please try to improve your economics.

And, also, you simply must get Dr Manmohan Singh a seat in the Lok Sabha if he is to be PM — Ambedkar and Nehru and all their generation did not specify that India’s PM must be from the Lok Sabha because it was something totally OBVIOUS.

Subroto Roy

Postscript: Someone at a website has referred to my prediction above and remarked: “Perhaps the good doc is aware of the money in play”. The answer is no, I have absolutely no special information about any “money in play” on any side. My prediction is based on a layman’s observation of the campaign, as well as more specialised analysis of past voting data from the EC. In an earlier post, I pointed out the BJP had gotten some 17 million fewer votes than the Congress in 2004, and I asked if they had done enough to get enough of a net change in their favour. The answer I think is that they have not done so. To the contrary, I think there will be a quite large net change in favour of Congress thanks to a better-run and better-led campaign. Of course it is just a prediction that may be found to be incorrect.
SR

A Dozen Grown-Up Questions for Indian Politicians Dreaming of Becoming/Deciding India’s PM After the 2009 General Elections

April 28, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

The 2009 General Election campaign is supposed to elect a Parliament and a Head of Government for the Republic of India, not a Head Boy/Head Girl at an urban middle-class high school or the karta of a joint family. Unfortunately, our comprador national-level media seem to be docile and juvenile enough in face of power and privilege to want to ask only touchy-feely koochi-woochi pretty baby questions of the “candidates” for PM (several of whom are not even running as candidates for the Lok Sabha but still seem to want to be PM). Rival candidates themselves seem to want to hurl invective and innuendo at one another, as if all this was merely some public squabble between Delhi middle-class families.

So here are a set of grown-up adult questions instead:

1. Pakistan is politically and strategically our most important neighbour. Can you assure the country that a government headed by you will have a coherent policy on both war and peace with Pakistan? How would you achieve it?

2. Do you agree with the Reagan-Gorbachev opinion that “a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought”? If so, what would your Government do about it?

3. If there are Indian citizens in Jammu & Kashmir presently governed by Article 370 who wish to renounce Indian nationality and remain stateless or become Pakistani/Afghan/Iranian citizens instead, would you consider letting them do so and giving them Indian “green cards” for peaceful permanent residence in J&K and India as a whole?

4. Do you know where Chumbi Valley is? If so, would your Government consider reviving the decades-old idea with China to mutually exchange permanent leases to Aksai Chin and Chumbi Valley respectively?

5. Nuclear power presently accounts as a source of about 4% of total Indian electricity; do you agree that even if nuclear power capacity alone increased by 100% over the next ten years and all other sources of electricity remained constant, nuclear power would still account for less than 8% of the total?

6. The public debt of the country may now amount to something like Rs 30 lakh crore (Rs 30 trillion); do you find that worrisome? If so, why so? If not, why not?

7. The Government of India may be paying something like Rs 3 lakh crore (Rs 3 trillion) annually on interest payments on its debt; do you agree that tends to suck dry every public budget even before it can try to do something worthwhile?

8. If our money supply growth is near 22% per annum, and the rate of growth of real income is near 7% per annum, would you agree the decline in the value of money (i.e., the rate of inflation) could be as high as 15% per annum?

9. Do you agree that giving poor people direct income subsidies is a far better way to help them than by distorting market prices for everybody? If not, why not?

10. How would you seek to improve the working of (and reduce the corruption in) the following public institutions: (1) the Army and paramilitary; (2) the Judiciary and Police; (3) Universities and technical institutes?

11. There has never been a Prime Minister in any parliamentary democracy in the world throughout the 20th Century who was also not an elected member of the Lower House; do you agree BR Ambedkar and Jawaharlal Nehru intended that for the Republic of India as well and thought it something so obvious as not necessary to specify in the 1950 Constitution? What will your Government do to improve the working of the Presidency, the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and State Assemblies?

12. What, personally, is your vision for India after a five-year period of a Government led by you?

Subroto Roy,

Citizen & Voter

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India’s 2009 General Elections: How 4125 State Assembly Constituencies comprise the 543 new Lok Sabha Constituencies

April 23, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

We appear to have no serious academic political science or voting theory available in the public domain in India today, despite our having the world’s vastest electorate. Our rather juvenile national-level media too often passes off personal gossip and wild speculation as analytical discussion.

There has been zero mention of the fact that the 15th Lok Sabha is the result of a brand new delimitation (or redistricting) exercise. Hence an enormous amount of uncertainty must be added to all calculations and attempts at prediction. Many old Assembly constituencies have been moved to new Lok Sabha constituencies — for example, Tollygunge was part of the old Calcutta South but is not anymore; Allahabad West and Allahabad North are not part of the new Allahabad Lok Sabha constituency, etc etc. What this means is that even if the actual votes received in 2009 were identical to those in 2004, there would be different electoral outcomes marginally and hence, most probably, in aggregate as well. The only thing not to be surprised by with the results after voting in this Election may be surprise itself!

[Postscript April 25: I am glad to see that two days after this post, one national newspaper has ever so slightly begun to realise the significance of delimitation.]

Here are some data based on the EC’s raw data to allow a better picture. It is placed here in the public interest; please check against the EC’s raw data before operational use.

Subroto Roy

State   Lok Sabha Constituency       State Assembly Constituency   No.
AP   ADILABAD   “S01   1”   SIRPUR   1
“S01   1”   ASIFABAD   5
“S01   1”   KHANAPUR   6
“S01   1”   ADILABAD   7
“S01   1”   BOATH   8
“S01   1”   NIRMAL   9
“S01   1”   MUDHOLE   10
AP   PEDDAPALLE   “S01   2”   CHENNUR   2
“S01   2”   BELLAMPALLY   3
“S01   2”   MANCHERIAL   4
“S01   2”   DHARMAPURI   22
“S01   2”   RAMAGUNDAM   23
“S01   2”   MANTHANI   24
“S01   2”   PEDDAPALLE   25
AP   KARIMNAGAR   “S01   3”   KARIMNAGAR   26
“S01   3”   CHOPPADANDI   27
“S01   3”   VEMULAWADA   28
“S01   3”   SIRCILLA   29
“S01   3”   MANAKONDUR   30
“S01   3”   HUZURABAD   31
“S01   3”   HUSNABAD   32
AP   NIZAMABAD   “S01   4”   ARMUR   11
“S01   4”   BODHAN   12
“S01   4”   NIZAMABAD (URBAN)   17
“S01   4”   NIZAMABAD (RURAL)   18
“S01   4”   BALKONDA   19
“S01   4”   KORATLA   20
“S01   4”   JAGTIAL   21
AP   ZAHIRABAD   “S01   5”   JUKKAL   13
“S01   5”   BANSWADA   14
“S01   5”   YELLAREDDY   15
“S01   5”   KAMAREDDY   16
“S01   5”   NARAYANKHED   35
“S01   5”   ANDOLE   36
“S01   5”   ZAHIRABAD   38
AP   MEDAK   “S01   6”   SIDDIPET   33
“S01   6”   MEDAK   34
“S01   6”   NARSAPUR   37
“S01   6”   SANGAREDDY   39
“S01   6”   PATANCHERU   40
“S01   6”   DUBBAK   41
“S01   6”   GAJWEL   42
AP   MALKAJGIRI   “S01   7”   MEDCHAL   43
“S01   7”   MALKAJGIRI   44
“S01   7”   QUTHBULLAPUR   45
“S01   7”   KUKATPALLY   46
“S01   7”   UPPAL   47
“S01   7”   LAL BAHADUR NAGAR   49
“S01   7”   SECUNDERABAD CANTT.   71
AP   SECUNDRABAD   “S01   8”   MUSHEERABAD   57
“S01   8”   AMBERPET   59
“S01   8”   KHAIRATABAD   60
“S01   8”   JUBILEE HILLS   61
“S01   8”   SANATH NAGAR   62
“S01   8”   NAMPALLI   63
“S01   8”   SECUNDRABAD   70
AP   HYDERABAD   “S01   9”   MALAKPET   58
“S01   9”   KARWAN   64
“S01   9”   GOSHAMAHAL   65
“S01   9”   CHARMINAR   66
“S01   9”   CHANDRAYANGUTTA   67
“S01   9”   YAKUTPURA   68
“S01   9”   BAHDURPURA   69
AP   CHELVELLA   “S01   10”   MAHESHWARAM   50
“S01   10”   RAJENDRANAGAR   51
“S01   10”   SERILINGAMPALLY   52
“S01   10”   CHEVELLA   53
“S01   10”   PARGI   54
“S01   10”   VICARADAB   55
“S01   10”   TANDUR   56
AP   MAHBUBNAGAR   “S01   11”   KODANGAL   72
“S01   11”   NARAYANPET   73
“S01   11”   MAHBUBNAGAR   74
“S01   11”   JADCHERLA   75
“S01   11”   DEVARKADRA   76
“S01   11”   MAKTHAL   77
“S01   11”   SHADNAGAR   84
AP   NAGARKURNOOL   “S01   12”   WANAPARTHY   78
“S01   12”   GADWAL   79
“S01   12”   ALAMPUR   80
“S01   12”   NAGARKURNOOL   81
“S01   12”   ACHAMPET   82
“S01   12”   KALWAKURTHY   83
“S01   12”   KOLLAPUR   85
AP   NALGONDA   “S01   13”   DEVARAKONDA   86
“S01   13”   NAGARJUNA SAGAR   87
“S01   13”   MIRYALGUDA   88
“S01   13”   HUZURNAGAR   89
“S01   13”   KODAD   90
“S01   13”   SURYAPET   91
“S01   13”   NALGONDA   92
AP   BHONGIR   “S01   14”   IBRAHIMPATNAM   48
“S01   14”   MUNUGODE   93
“S01   14”   BHONGIR   94
“S01   14”   NAKREKAL   95
“S01   14”   THUNGATHURTHY   96
“S01   14”   ALAIR   97
“S01   14”   JANGOAN   98
AP   WARANGAL   “S01   15”   GHANPUR (STATION)   99
“S01   15”   PALAKURTHI   100
“S01   15”   PARKAL   104
“S01   15”   WARANGAL WEST   105
“S01   15”   WARANGAL EAST   106
“S01   15”   WARDHANAPET   107
“S01   15”   BHUPALPALLE   108
AP   MAHABUBABAD   “S01   16”   DORNAKAL   101
“S01   16”   MAHABUBABAD   102
“S01   16”   NARSAMPET   103
“S01   16”   MULUG   109
“S01   16”   PINAPAKA   110
“S01   16”   YELLANDU   111
“S01   16”   BHADRACHELAM   119
AP   KHAMMAM   “S01   17”   KHAMMAM   112
“S01   17”   PALAIR   113
“S01   17”   MADIRA   114
“S01   17”   WYRA   115
“S01   17”   SATHUPALLI   116
“S01   17”   KOTHAGUDEM   117
“S01   17”   ASWARAOPETA   118
AP   ARUKU   “S01   18”   PALAKONDA   129
“S01   18”   KURUPAM   130
“S01   18”   PARVATHIPURAM   131
“S01   18”   SALUR   132
“S01   18”   ARAKU VALLEY   147
“S01   18”   PADERU   148
“S01   18”   RAMPACHODAVARAM   172
AP   SRIKAKULAM   “S01   19”   ICHCHAPURAM   120
“S01   19”   PALASA   121
“S01   19”   TEKKALI   122
“S01   19”   PATHAPATNAM   123
“S01   19”   SRIKAKULAM   124
“S01   19”   AMADALAVALASA   125
“S01   19”   NARASANNAPETA   127
AP   VIZIANAGARAM   “S01   20”   ETCHERLA   126
“S01   20”   RAJAM   128
“S01   20”   BOBBILI   133
“S01   20”   CHEEPURUPALLE   134
“S01   20”   GAJAPATHINAGARAM   135
“S01   20”   NELLIMARLA   136
“S01   20”   VIZIANAGARAM   137
AP   VISAKHAPATNAM   “S01   21”   SRUNGAVARAPUKOTA   138
“S01   21”   BHIMLI   139
“S01   21”   VISAKHAPATNAM EAST   140
“S01   21”   VISAKHAPATNAM SOUTH   141
“S01   21”   VISAKHAPATNAM NORTH   142
“S01   21”   VISAKHAPATNAM WEST   143
“S01   21”   GAJUWAKA   144
AP   ANAKAPALLI   “S01   22”   CHODAVARAM   145
“S01   22”   MADUGULA   146
“S01   22”   ANAKAPALLE   149
“S01   22”   PENDURTHI   150
“S01   22”   ELAMANCHILI   151
“S01   22”   PAYAKARAOPET   152
“S01   22”   NARSIPATNAM   153
AP   KAKINADA   “S01   23”   TUNI   154
“S01   23”   PRATHIPADU   155
“S01   23”   PITHAPURAM   156
“S01   23”   KAKINADA RURAL   157
“S01   23”   PEDDAPURAM   158
“S01   23”   KAKINADA CITY   160
“S01   23”   JAGGAMPETA   171
AP   AMALAPURAM   “S01   24”   RAMACHANDRAPURAM   161
“S01   24”   MUMMIDIVARAM   162
“S01   24”   AMALAPURAM   163
“S01   24”   RAZOLE   164
“S01   24”   GANNAVARAM   165
“S01   24”   KOTHAPETA   166
“S01   24”   MANDAPETA   167
AP   RAJAHMUNDRY   “S01   25”   ANAPARTHY   159
“S01   25”   RAJANAGARAM   168
“S01   25”   RAJAHMUNDRY CITY   169
“S01   25”   RAJAMUNDRY RURAL   170
“S01   25”   KOVVUR   173
“S01   25”   NIDADAVOLE   174
“S01   25”   GOPALAPURAM   185
AP   NARSAPURAM   “S01   26”   ACHANTA   175
“S01   26”   PALACOLE   176
“S01   26”   NARASAPURAM   177
“S01   26”   BHIMAVARAM   178
“S01   26”   UNDI   179
“S01   26”   TANUKU   180
“S01   26”   TADEPALLIGUDEM   181
AP   ELURU   “S01   27”   UNGUTURU   182
“S01   27”   DENDULURU   183
“S01   27”   ELURU   184
“S01   27”   POLAVARAM   186
“S01   27”   CHINTALAPUDI   187
“S01   27”   NUZVID   189
“S01   27”   KAIKALUR   192
AP   MACHILIPATNAM   “S01   28”   GANNAVARAM   190
“S01   28”   GUDIVADA   191
“S01   28”   PEDANA   193
“S01   28”   MACHILIPATNAM   194
“S01   28”   AVANIGADDA   195
“S01   28”   PAMARRU   196
“S01   28”   PENAMALURU   197
AP   VIJAYAWADA   “S01   29”   TIRUVURU   188
“S01   29”   VIJAYWADA WEST   198
“S01   29”   VIJAYAWADA CENTRAL   199
“S01   29”   VIJAYAWADA EAST   200
“S01   29”   MYLAVARAM   201
“S01   29”   NANDIGAMA   202
“S01   29”   JAGGAYYAPETA   203
AP   GUNTUR   “S01   30”   TADIKONDA   205
“S01   30”   MANGALAGIRI   206
“S01   30”   PONNUR   207
“S01   30”   TENALI   210
“S01   30”   PRATHIPADU   212
“S01   30”   GUNTUR WEST   213
“S01   30”   GUNTUR EAST   214
AP   NARASARAOPET   “S01   31”   PEDAKURAPADU   204
“S01   31”   CHILAKALURIPET   215
“S01   31”   NARASARAOPET   216
“S01   31”   SATTENPALLI   217
“S01   31”   VINUKONDA   218
“S01   31”   GURUZALA   219
“S01   31”   MACHERLA   220
AP   BAPATLA   “S01   32”   VEMURU   208
“S01   32”   REPALLE   209
“S01   32”   BAPATLA   211
“S01   32”   PARCHUR   223
“S01   32”   ADDANKI   224
“S01   32”   CHIRALA   225
“S01   32”   SANTHANUTHALAPADU   226
AP   ONGOLE   “S01   33”   YERRAGONDAPALEM   221
“S01   33”   DARSI   222
“S01   33”   ONGOLE   227
“S01   33”   KONDAPI   229
“S01   33”   MARKAPURAM   230
“S01   33”   GIDDALUR   231
“S01   33”   KANIGIRI   232
AP   NANDYAL   “S01   34”   ALLAGADDA   253
“S01   34”   SRISAILAM   254
“S01   34”   NANDIKOTKUR   255
“S01   34”   PANYAM   257
“S01   34”   NANDYAL   258
“S01   34”   BANAGANAPALLE   259
“S01   34”   DHONE   260
AP   KURNOOL   “S01   35”   KURNOOL   256
“S01   35”   PATTIKONDA   261
“S01   35”   KODUMUR   262
“S01   35”   YEMMIGANUR   263
“S01   35”   MANTRALAYAM   264
“S01   35”   ADONI   265
“S01   35”   ALUR   266
AP   ANANTAPUR   “S01   36”   RAYADURG   267
“S01   36”   URAVAKONDA   268
“S01   36”   GUNTAKAL   269
“S01   36”   TADPATRI   270
“S01   36”   SINGANAMALA   271
“S01   36”   ANANTAPUR URBAN   272
“S01   36”   KALYANDURG   273
AP   HINDUPUR   “S01   37”   RAPTADU   274
“S01   37”   MADAKASIRA   275
“S01   37”   HINDUPUR   276
“S01   37”   PENUKONDA   277
“S01   37”   PUTTAPARTHI   278
“S01   37”   DHARMAVARAM   279
“S01   37”   KADIRI   280
AP   KADAPA   “S01   38”   BADVEL   243
“S01   38”   KADAPA   245
“S01   38”   PULIVENDLA   248
“S01   38”   KAMALAPURAM   249
“S01   38”   JAMMALAMADUGU   250
“S01   38”   PRODDATUR   251
“S01   38”   MYDUKUR   252
AP   NELLORE   “S01   39”   KANDUKUR   228
“S01   39”   KAVALI   233
“S01   39”   ATMAKUR   234
“S01   39”   KOVUR   235
“S01   39”   NELLORE CITY   236
“S01   39”   NELLORE RURAL   237
“S01   39”   UDAYAGIRI   242
AP   TIRUPATI   “S01   40”   SARVEPALLI   238
“S01   40”   GUDUR   239
“S01   40”   SULLURPETA   240
“S01   40”   VENKATAGIRI   241
“S01   40”   TIRUPATI   286
“S01   40”   SRIKALAHASTI   287
“S01   40”   SATYAVEEDU   288
AP   RAJAMPET   “S01   41”   RAJAMPET   244
“S01   41”   KODUR   246
“S01   41”   RAYACHOTI   247
“S01   41”   THAMBALLAPALLE   281
“S01   41”   PILERU   282
“S01   41”   MADANAPALLE   283
“S01   41”   PUNGANUR   284
AP   CHITTOOR   “S01   42”   CHANDRAGIRI   285
“S01   42”   NAGARI   289
“S01   42”   GANGADHARA NELLORE   290
“S01   42”   CHITTOOR   291
“S01   42”   PUTHALAPATTU   292
“S01   42”   PALAMANER   293
“S01   42”   KUPPAM   294
AR   ARUNACHAL WEST   “S02   1”   LUMLA   1
“S02   1”   TAWANG   2
“S02   1”   MUKTO   3
“S02   1”   DIRANG   4
“S02   1”   KALAKTANG   5
“S02   1”   THRIZINO-BURAGAON   6
“S02   1”   BOMDILA   7
“S02   1”   BAMENG   8
“S02   1”   CHAYANG TAJO   9
“S02   1”   SEPPA EAST   10
“S02   1”   SEPPA WEST   11
“S02   1”   PAKKE KESSANG   12
“S02   1”   ITANAGAR   13
“S02   1”   DOIMUKH   14
“S02   1”   SAGALEE   15
“S02   1”   YACHULI   16
“S02   1”   ZIRO HAPOLI   17
“S02   1”   PALIN   18
“S02   1”   NYAPIN   19
“S02   1”   TALI   20
“S02   1”   KOLORIANG   21
“S02   1”   NACHO   22
“S02   1”   TALIHA   23
“S02   1”   DAPORIJO   24
“S02   1”   RAGA   25
“S02   1”   DUMPORIJO   26
“S02   1”   LIROMOBA   27
“S02   1”   LIKABALI   28
“S02   1”   BASAR   29
“S02   1”   ALONG WEST   30
“S02   1”   ALONG EAST   31
“S02   1”   RUMGONG   32
“S02   1”   MECHUKHA   33
AR   ARUNACHAL EAST   “S02   2”   TUTING YINGKIONG   34
“S02   2”   PANGIN   35
“S02   2”   NARI-KOYU   36
“S02   2”   PASIGHAT WEST   37
“S02   2”   PASIGHAT EAST   38
“S02   2”   MEBO   39
“S02   2”   MARIYANG-GEKU   40
“S02   2”   ANINI   41
“S02   2”   DAMBUK   42
“S02   2”   ROING   43
“S02   2”   TEZU   44
“S02   2”   HAYULIANG   45
“S02   2”   CHOWKHAM   46
“S02   2”   NAMSAI   47
“S02   2”   LEKANG   48
“S02   2”   BORDUMSA – DIYUM   49
“S02   2”   MIAO   50
“S02   2”   NAMPONG   51
“S02   2”   CHANGLANG SOUTH   52
“S02   2”   CHANGLANG NORTH   53
“S02   2”   NAMSANG   54
“S02   2”   KHONSA EAST   55
“S02   2”   KHONSA WEST   56
“S02   2”   BORDURIA BOGAPANI   57
“S02   2”   KANUBARI   58
“S02   2”   LONGDING PUMAO   59
“S02   2”   PONGCHAO WAKKA   60
AS   KARIMGANJ   “S03   1”   RATABARI   1
“S03   1”   PATHERKANDI   2
“S03   1”   KARIMGANJ NORTH   3
“S03   1”   KARIMGANJ SOUTH   4
“S03   1”   BADARPUR   5
“S03   1”   HAILAKANDI   6
“S03   1”   KATLICHERRA   7
“S03   1”   ALGAPUR   8
AS   SILCHAR   “S03   2”   SILCHAR   9
“S03   2”   SONAI   10
“S03   2”   DHOLAI   11
“S03   2”   UDHARBOND   12
“S03   2”   LAKHIPUR   13
“S03   2”   BORKHOLA   14
“S03   2”   KATIGORAH   15
AS   AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT   “S03   3”   HAFLONG   16
“S03   3”   BOKAJAN   17
“S03   3”   HOWRAGHAT   18
“S03   3”   DIPHU   19
“S03   3”   BAITHALANGSO   20
AS   DHUBRI   “S03   4”   MANKACHAR   21
“S03   4”   SALMARA SOUTH   22
“S03   4”   DHUBRI   23
“S03   4”   GAURIPUR   24
“S03   4”   GOLOKGANJ   25
“S03   4”   BILASIPARA WEST   26
“S03   4”   BILASIPARA EAST   27
“S03   4”   GOALPARA EAST   37
“S03   4”   GOALPARA WEST   38
“S03   4”   JALESWAR   39
AS   KOKRAJHAR   “S03   5”   GOSSAIGAON   28
“S03   5”   KOKRAJHAR WEST   29
“S03   5”   KOKRAJHAR EAST   30
“S03   5”   SIDLI   31
“S03   5”   BIJNI   33
“S03   5”   SORBHOG   40
“S03   5”   BHABANIPUR   41
“S03   5”   TAMULPUR   58
“S03   5”   BARAMA   62
“S03   5”   CHAPAGURI   63
AS   BARPETA   “S03   6”   BONGAIGAON   32
“S03   6”   ABHAYAPURI NORTH   34
“S03   6”   ABHAYAPURI SOUTH   35
“S03   6”   PATACHARKUCHI   42
“S03   6”   BARPETA   43
“S03   6”   JANIA   44
“S03   6”   BAGHBAR   45
“S03   6”   SARUKHETRI   46
“S03   6”   CHENGA   47
“S03   6”   DHARMAPUR   61
AS   GAUHATI   “S03   7”   DUDHNOI   36
“S03   7”   BOKO   48
“S03   7”   CHHAYGAON   49
“S03   7”   PALASBARI   50
“S03   7”   JALUKBARI   51
“S03   7”   DISPUR   52
“S03   7”   GAUHATI EAST   53
“S03   7”   GAUHATI WEST   54
“S03   7”   HAJO   55
“S03   7”   BARKHETRI   60
AS   MANGALDOI   “S03   8”   KAMALPUR   56
“S03   8”   RANGIA   57
“S03   8”   NALBARI   59
“S03   8”   PANERY   64
“S03   8”   KALAIGAON   65
“S03   8”   SIPAJHAR   66
“S03   8”   MANGALDOI   67
“S03   8”   DALGAON   68
“S03   8”   UDALGURI   69
“S03   8”   MAZBAT   70
AS   TEZPUR   “S03   9”   DHEKIAJULI   71
“S03   9”   BARCHALLA   72
“S03   9”   TEZPUR   73
“S03   9”   RANGAPARA   74
“S03   9”   SOOTEA   75
“S03   9”   BISWANATH   76
“S03   9”   BEHALI   77
“S03   9”   GOHPUR   78
“S03   9”   BIHPURIA   109
AS   NOWGONG   “S03   10”   JAGIROAD   79
“S03   10”   MORIGAON   80
“S03   10”   LAHARIGHAT   81
“S03   10”   RAHA   82
“S03   10”   NAGAON   86
“S03   10”   BARHAMPUR   87
“S03   10”   JAMUNAMUKH   90
“S03   10”   HOJAI   91
“S03   10”   LUMDING   92
AS   KALIABOR   “S03   11”   DHING   83
“S03   11”   BATADRABA   84
“S03   11”   RUPAHIHAT   85
“S03   11”   SAMAGURI   88
“S03   11”   KALIABOR   89
“S03   11”   BOKAKHAT   93
“S03   11”   SARUPATHAR   94
“S03   11”   GOLAGHAT   95
“S03   11”   KHUMTAI   96
“S03   11”   DERGAON   97
AS   JORHAT   “S03   12”   JORHAT   98
“S03   12”   TITABAR   100
“S03   12”   MARIANI   101
“S03   12”   TEOK   102
“S03   12”   AMGURI   103
“S03   12”   NAZIRA   104
“S03   12”   MAHMORA   105
“S03   12”   SONARI   106
“S03   12”   THOWRA   107
“S03   12”   SIVASAGAR   108
AS   DIBRUGARH   “S03   13”   MORAN   115
“S03   13”   DIBRUGARH   116
“S03   13”   LAHOWAL   117
“S03   13”   DULIJAN   118
“S03   13”   TINGKHONG   119
“S03   13”   NAHARKATIA   120
“S03   13”   TINSUKIA   122
“S03   13”   DIGBOI   123
“S03   13”   MARGHERITA   124
AS   LAKHIMPUR   “S03   14”   MAJULI   99
“S03   14”   NAOBOICHA   110
“S03   14”   LAKHIMPUR   111
“S03   14”   DHAKUAKHANA   112
“S03   14”   DHEMAJI   113
“S03   14”   JONAI   114
“S03   14”   CHABUA   121
“S03   14”   DOOMDOOMA   125
“S03   14”   SADIYA   126
BR   VALMIKI NAGAR   “S04   1”   VALMIKI NAGAR   1
“S04   1”   RAMNAGAR   2
“S04   1”   NARKATIAGANJ   3
“S04   1”   BAGAHA   4
“S04   1”   LAURIYA   5
“S04   1”   SIKTA   9
BR   PASCHIM CHAMPARAN   “S04   2”   NAUTAN   6
“S04   2”   CHANPATIA   7
“S04   2”   BETTIAH   8
“S04   2”   RAXAUL   10
“S04   2”   SUGAULI   11
“S04   2”   NARKATIA   12
BR   PURVI CHAMPARAN   “S04   3”   HARSIDHI   13
“S04   3”   GOVINDGANJ   14
“S04   3”   KESARIA   15
“S04   3”   KALYANPUR   16
“S04   3”   PIPRA   17
“S04   3”   MOTIHARI   19
BR   SHEOHAR   “S04   4”   MADHUBAN   18
“S04   4”   CHIRAIA   20
“S04   4”   DHAKA   21
“S04   4”   SHEOHAR   22
“S04   4”   RIGA   23
“S04   4”   BELSAND   30
BR   SITAMARHI   “S04   5”   BATHNAHA   24
“S04   5”   PARIHAR   25
“S04   5”   SURSAND   26
“S04   5”   BAJPATTI   27
“S04   5”   SITAMARHI   28
“S04   5”   RUNISAIDPUR   29
BR   MADHUBANI   “S04   6”   HARLAKHI   31
“S04   6”   BENIPATTI   32
“S04   6”   BISFI   35
“S04   6”   MADHUBANI   36
“S04   6”   KEOTI   86
“S04   6”   JALE   87
BR   JHANJHARPUR   “S04   7”   KHAJAULI   33
“S04   7”   BABUBARHI   34
“S04   7”   RAJNAGAR   37
“S04   7”   JHANJHARPUR   38
“S04   7”   PHULPARAS   39
“S04   7”   LAUKAHA   40
BR   SUPAUL   “S04   8”   NIRMALI   41
“S04   8”   PIPRA   42
“S04   8”   SUPAUL   43
“S04   8”   TRIBENIGANJ   44
“S04   8”   CHHATAPUR   45
“S04   8”   SINGHESHWAR   72
BR   ARARIA   “S04   9”   NARPATGANJ   46
“S04   9”   RANIGANJ   47
“S04   9”   FORBESGANJ   48
“S04   9”   ARARIA   49
“S04   9”   JOKIHAT   50
“S04   9”   SIKTI   51
BR   KISHANGANJ   “S04   10”   BAHADURGANJ   52
“S04   10”   THAKURGANJ   53
“S04   10”   KISHANGANJ   54
“S04   10”   KOCHADHAMAN   55
“S04   10”   AMOUR   56
“S04   10”   BAISI   57
BR   KATIHAR   “S04   11”   KATIHAR   63
“S04   11”   KADWA   64
“S04   11”   BALRAMPUR   65
“S04   11”   PRANPUR   66
“S04   11”   MANIHARI   67
“S04   11”   BARARI   68
BR   PURNIA   “S04   12”   KASBA   58
“S04   12”   BANMANKHI   59
“S04   12”   RUPAULI   60
“S04   12”   DHAMDAHA   61
“S04   12”   PURNIA   62
“S04   12”   KORHA   69
BR   MADHEPURA   “S04   13”   ALAMNAGAR   70
“S04   13”   BIHARIGANJ   71
“S04   13”   MADHEPURA   73
“S04   13”   SONBARSA   74
“S04   13”   SAHARSA   75
“S04   13”   MAHISHI   77
BR   DARBHANGA   “S04   14”   GORA BAURAM   79
“S04   14”   BENIPUR   80
“S04   14”   ALINAGAR   81
“S04   14”   DARBHANGA RURAL   82
“S04   14”   DARBHANGA   83
“S04   14”   BAHADURPUR   85
BR   MUZAFFARPUR   “S04   15”   GAIGHAT   88
“S04   15”   AURAI   89
“S04   15”   BOCHAHA   91
“S04   15”   SAKRA   92
“S04   15”   KURHANI   93
“S04   15”   MUZAFFARPUR   94
BR   VAISHALI   “S04   16”   MINAPUR   90
“S04   16”   KANTI   95
“S04   16”   BARURAJ   96
“S04   16”   PAROO   97
“S04   16”   SAHEBGANJ   98
“S04   16”   VAISHALI   125
BR   GOPALGANJ   “S04   17”   BAIKUNTHPUR   99
“S04   17”   BARAULI   100
“S04   17”   GOPALGANJ   101
“S04   17”   KUCHAIKOTE   102
“S04   17”   BHOREY   103
“S04   17”   HATHUA   104
BR   SIWAN   “S04   18”   SIWAN   105
“S04   18”   ZIRADEI   106
“S04   18”   DARAULI   107
“S04   18”   RAGHUNATHPUR   108
“S04   18”   DARAUNDHA   109
“S04   18”   BARHARIA   110
BR   MAHARAJGANJ   “S04   19”   GORIYAKOTHI   111
“S04   19”   MAHARAJGANJ   112
“S04   19”   EKMA   113
“S04   19”   MANJHI   114
“S04   19”   BANIAPUR   115
“S04   19”   TARAIYA   116
BR   SARAN   “S04   20”   MARHAURA   117
“S04   20”   CHAPRA   118
“S04   20”   GARKHA   119
“S04   20”   AMNOUR   120
“S04   20”   PARSA   121
“S04   20”   SONEPUR   122
BR   HAJIPUR   “S04   21”   HAJIPUR   123
“S04   21”   LALGANJ   124
“S04   21”   MAHUA   126
“S04   21”   RAJA PAKAR   127
“S04   21”   RAGHOPUR   128
“S04   21”   MANHAR   129
BR   UJIARPUR   “S04   22”   PATEPUR   130
“S04   22”   UJIARPUR   134
“S04   22”   MORWA   135
“S04   22”   SARAIRANJAN   136
“S04   22”   MOHIUDDINNAGAR   137
“S04   22”   BIBHUTPUR   138
BR   SAMASTIPUR   “S04   23”   KUSHESHWAR ASTHAN   78
“S04   23”   HAYAGHAT   84
“S04   23”   KALYANPUR   131
“S04   23”   WARISNAGAR   132
“S04   23”   SAMASTIPUR   133
“S04   23”   ROSERA   139
BR   BEGUSARAI   “S04   24”   CHERIA BARIARPUR   141
“S04   24”   BACHHWARA   142
“S04   24”   TEGHRA   143
“S04   24”   MATIHANI   144
“S04   24”   SAHEBPUR KAMAL   145
“S04   24”   BEGUSARAI   146
“S04   24”   BAKHRI   147
BR   KHAGARIA   “S04   25”   SIMRI BAKHTIARPUR   76
“S04   25”   HASANPUR   140
“S04   25”   ALAULI   148
“S04   25”   KHAGARIA   149
“S04   25”   BELDAUR   150
“S04   25”   PARBATTA   151
BR   BHAGALPUR   “S04   26”   BIHPUR   152
“S04   26”   GOPALPUR   153
“S04   26”   PIRPAINTI   154
“S04   26”   KAHALGAON   155
“S04   26”   BHAGALPUR   156
“S04   26”   NATHNAGAR   158
BR   BANKA   “S04   27”   SULTANGANJ   157
“S04   27”   AMARPUR   159
“S04   27”   DHURAIYA   160
“S04   27”   BANKA   161
“S04   27”   KATORIA   162
“S04   27”   BELHAR   163
BR   MUNGER   “S04   28”   MUNGER   165
“S04   28”   JAMALPUR   166
“S04   28”   SURYAGARHA   167
“S04   28”   LAKHISARAI   168
“S04   28”   MOKAMA   178
“S04   28”   BARH   179
BR   NALANDA   “S04   29”   ASTHAWAN   171
“S04   29”   BISHARSHARIF   172
“S04   29”   RAJGIR   173
“S04   29”   ISLAMPUR   174
“S04   29”   HILSA   175
“S04   29”   NALANDA   176
“S04   29”   HARNAUT   177
BR   PATNA SAHIB   “S04   30”   BAKHTIARPUR   180
“S04   30”   DIGHA   181
“S04   30”   BANKIPUR   182
“S04   30”   KUMHRARH   183
“S04   30”   PATNA SAHIB   184
“S04   30”   FATWAH   185
BR   PATALIPUTRA   “S04   31”   DANAPUR   186
“S04   31”   MANER   187
“S04   31”   PHULWARI   188
“S04   31”   MASAURHI   189
“S04   31”   PALIGANJ   190
“S04   31”   BIKRAM   191
BR   ARRAH   “S04   32”   SANDESH   192
“S04   32”   BARHARA   193
“S04   32”   ARRAH   194
“S04   32”   AGIAON   195
“S04   32”   TARARI   196
“S04   32”   JAGDISHPUR   197
“S04   32”   SHAHPUR   198
BR   BUXAR   “S04   33”   BARHAMPUR   199
“S04   33”   BUXAR   200
“S04   33”   DUMRAON   201
“S04   33”   RAJPUR   202
“S04   33”   RAMGARH   203
“S04   33”   DINARA   210
BR   SASARAM   “S04   34”   MOHANIA   204
“S04   34”   BHABUA   205
“S04   34”   CHAINPUR   206
“S04   34”   CHENARI   207
“S04   34”   SASARAM   208
“S04   34”   KARGAHAR   209
BR   KARAKAT   “S04   35”   NOKHA   211
“S04   35”   DEHRI   212
“S04   35”   KARAKAT   213
“S04   35”   GOH   219
“S04   35”   OBRA   220
“S04   35”   NABINAGAR   221
BR   JAHANABAD   “S04   36”   ARWAL   214
“S04   36”   KURTHA   215
“S04   36”   JAHANABAD   216
“S04   36”   GHOSI   217
“S04   36”   MAKHDUMPUR   218
“S04   36”   ATRI   233
BR   AURANGABAD   “S04   37”   KUTUMBA   222
“S04   37”   AURANGABAD   223
“S04   37”   RAFIGANJ   224
“S04   37”   GURUA   225
“S04   37”   IMAMGANJ   227
“S04   37”   TIKARI   231
BR   GAYA   “S04   38”   SHERGHATI   226
“S04   38”   BARACHATTI   228
“S04   38”   BODH GAYA   229
“S04   38”   GAYA TOWN   230
“S04   38”   BELAGANJ   232
“S04   38”   WAZIRGANJ   234
BR   NAWADA   “S04   39”   BARBIGHA   170
“S04   39”   RAJAULI   235
“S04   39”   HISUA   236
“S04   39”   NAWADA   237
“S04   39”   GOBINDPUR   238
“S04   39”   WARSALIGANJ   239
BR   JAMUI   “S04   40”   TARAPUR   164
“S04   40”   SHEIKHPURA   169
“S04   40”   SIKANDRA   240
“S04   40”   JAMUI   241
“S04   40”   JHAJHA   242
“S04   40”   CHAKAI   243
GA   NORTH GOA   “S05   1”   MANDREM   1
“S05   1”   PERNEM   2
“S05   1”   BICHOLIM   3
“S05   1”   TIVIM   4
“S05   1”   MAPUSA   5
“S05   1”   SIOLIM   6
“S05   1”   SALIGAO   7
“S05   1”   CALANGUTE   8
“S05   1”   PORVORIM   9
“S05   1”   ALDONA   10
“S05   1”   PANAJI   11
“S05   1”   TALEIGAO   12
“S05   1”   ST. CRUZ   13
“S05   1”   ST. ANDRE   14
“S05   1”   CUMBARJUA   15
“S05   1”   MAEM   16
“S05   1”   SANQUELIM   17
“S05   1”   PORIEM   18
“S05   1”   VALPOI   19
“S05   1”   PRIOL   20
GA   SOUTH GOA   “S05   2”   PONDA   21
“S05   2”   SIRODA   22
“S05   2”   MARCAIM   23
“S05   2”   MORMUGAO   24
“S05   2”   VASCO-DA-GAMA   25
“S05   2”   DABOLIM   26
“S05   2”   CORTALIM   27
“S05   2”   NUVEM   28
“S05   2”   CURTORIM   29
“S05   2”   FATORDA   30
“S05   2”   MARGAO   31
“S05   2”   BENAULIM   32
“S05   2”   NAVELIM   33
“S05   2”   CUNCOLIM   34
“S05   2”   VELIM   35
“S05   2”   QUEPEM   36
“S05   2”   CURCHOREM   37
“S05   2”   SANVORDEM   38
“S05   2”   SANGUEM   39
“S05   2”   CANACONA   40
GJ   KACHCHH   “S06   1”   ABDASA   1
“S06   1”   MANDVI   2
“S06   1”   BHUJ   3
“S06   1”   ANJAR   4
“S06   1”   GANDHIDHAM   5
“S06   1”   RAPAR   6
“S06   1”   MORBI   65
GJ   BANASKANTHA   “S06   2”   VAV   7
“S06   2”   THARAD   8
“S06   2”   DHANERA   9
“S06   2”   DANTA   10
“S06   2”   PALANPUR   12
“S06   2”   DEESA   13
“S06   2”   DEODAR   14
GJ   PATAN   “S06   3”   VADGAM   11
“S06   3”   KANKREJ   15
“S06   3”   RADHANPUR   16
“S06   3”   CHANASMA   17
“S06   3”   PATAN   18
“S06   3”   SIDHPUR   19
“S06   3”   KHERALU   20
GJ   MAHESANA   “S06   4”   UNJHA   21
“S06   4”   VISNAGAR   22
“S06   4”   BECHARAJI   23
“S06   4”   KADI   24
“S06   4”   MAHESANA   25
“S06   4”   VIJAPUR   26
“S06   4”   MANSA   37
GJ   SABARKANTHA   “S06   5”   HIMATNAGAR   27
“S06   5”   IDAR   28
“S06   5”   KHEDBRAHMA   29
“S06   5”   BHILODA   30
“S06   5”   MODASA   31
“S06   5”   BAYAD   32
“S06   5”   PRANTIJ   33
GJ   GANDHINAGAR   “S06   6”   GANDHINAGAR NORTH   36
“S06   6”   KALOL   38
“S06   6”   SANAND   40
“S06   6”   GHATLODIA   41
“S06   6”   VEJALPUR   42
“S06   6”   NARANPURA   45
“S06   6”   SABARMATI   55
GJ   AHMEDABAD EAST   “S06   7”   DEHGAM   34
“S06   7”   GANDHINAGAR SOUTH   35
“S06   7”   VATVA   43
“S06   7”   NIKOL   46
“S06   7”   NARODA   47
“S06   7”   THAKKARBAPA NAGAR   48
“S06   7”   BAPUNAGAR   49
GJ   AHMEDABAD WEST   “S06   8”   ELLISBRIDGE   44
“S06   8”   AMRAIWADI   50
“S06   8”   DARIAPUR   51
“S06   8”   JAMALPUR – KHADIA   52
“S06   8”   MANINAGAR   53
“S06   8”   DANILIMDA   54
“S06   8”   ASARWA   56
GJ   SURENDRANAGAR   “S06   9”   VIRAMGAM   39
“S06   9”   DHANDHUKA   59
“S06   9”   DASADA   60
“S06   9”   LIMBDI   61
“S06   9”   WADHWAN   62
“S06   9”   CHOTILA   63
“S06   9”   DHRANGADHRA   64
GJ   RAJKOT   “S06   10”   TANKARA   66
“S06   10”   WANKANER   67
“S06   10”   RAJKOT EAST   68
“S06   10”   RAJKOT WEST   69
“S06   10”   RAJKOT SOUTH   70
“S06   10”   RAJKOT RURAL   71
“S06   10”   JASDAN   72
GJ   PORBANDAR   “S06   11”   GONDAL   73
“S06   11”   JETPUR   74
“S06   11”   DHORAJI   75
“S06   11”   PORBANDAR   83
“S06   11”   KUTIYANA   84
“S06   11”   MANAVADAR   85
“S06   11”   KESHOD   88
GJ   JAMNAGAR   “S06   12”   KALAVAD   76
“S06   12”   JAMNAGR RURAL   77
“S06   12”   JAMNAGAR NORTH   78
“S06   12”   JAMNAGAR SOUTH   79
“S06   12”   JAMJODHPUR   80
“S06   12”   KHAMBHALIA   81
“S06   12”   DWARKA   82
GJ   JUNAGADH   “S06   13”   JUNAGADH   86
“S06   13”   VISAVADAR   87
“S06   13”   MANGROL   89
“S06   13”   SOMNATH   90
“S06   13”   TALALA   91
“S06   13”   KODINAR   92
“S06   13”   UNA   93
GJ   AMRELI   “S06   14”   DHARI   94
“S06   14”   AMRELI   95
“S06   14”   LATHI   96
“S06   14”   SAVARKUNDLA   97
“S06   14”   RAJULA   98
“S06   14”   MAHUVA   99
“S06   14”   GARIADHAR   101
GJ   BHAVNAGAR   “S06   15”   TALAJA   100
“S06   15”   PALITANA   102
“S06   15”   BHAVNAGAR RURAL   103
“S06   15”   BHAVNAGAR EAST   104
“S06   15”   BHAVNAGAR WEST   105
“S06   15”   GADHADA   106
“S06   15”   BOTAD   107
GJ   ANAND   “S06   16”   KHAMBHAT   108
“S06   16”   BORSAD   109
“S06   16”   ANKLAV   110
“S06   16”   UMRETH   111
“S06   16”   ANAND   112
“S06   16”   PETLAD   113
“S06   16”   SOJITRA   114
GJ   KHEDA   “S06   17”   DASKROI   57
“S06   17”   DHOLKA   58
“S06   17”   MATAR   115
“S06   17”   NADIAD   116
“S06   17”   MEHMEDABAD   117
“S06   17”   MAHUDHA   118
“S06   17”   KAPADVANJ   120
GJ   PANCHMAHAL   “S06   18”   THASRA   119
“S06   18”   BALASINOR   121
“S06   18”   LUNAWADA   122
“S06   18”   SHEHRA   124
“S06   18”   MORVA HADAF   125
“S06   18”   GODHRA   126
“S06   18”   KALOL   127
GJ   DAHOD   “S06   19”   SANTRAMPUR   123
“S06   19”   FATEPURA   129
“S06   19”   JHALOD   130
“S06   19”   LIMKHEDA   131
“S06   19”   DAHOD   132
“S06   19”   GARBADA   133
“S06   19”   DEVGADBARIA   134
GJ   VADODARA   “S06   20”   SAVLI   135
“S06   20”   VAGHODIA   136
“S06   20”   VADODARA CITY   141
“S06   20”   SAYAJIGUNJ   142
“S06   20”   AKOTA   143
“S06   20”   RAOPURA   144
“S06   20”   MANJALPUR   145
GJ   CHHOTA UDAIPUR   “S06   21”   HALOL   128
“S06   21”   CHHOTA UDAIPUR   137
“S06   21”   JETPUR   138
“S06   21”   SANKHEDA   139
“S06   21”   DABHOI   140
“S06   21”   PADRA   146
“S06   21”   NANDOD   148
GJ   BHARUCH   “S06   22”   KARJAN   147
“S06   22”   DEDIAPADA   149
“S06   22”   JAMBUSAR   150
“S06   22”   VAGRA   151
“S06   22”   JHAGADIA   152
“S06   22”   BHARUCH   153
“S06   22”   ANKLESHWAR   154
GJ   BARDOLI   “S06   23”   MANGROL   156
“S06   23”   MANDVI   157
“S06   23”   KAMREJ   158
“S06   23”   BARDOLI   169
“S06   23”   MAHUVA   170
“S06   23”   VYARA   171
“S06   23”   NIZAR   172
GJ   SURAT   “S06   24”   OLPAD   155
“S06   24”   SURAT EAST   159
“S06   24”   SURAT NORTH   160
“S06   24”   VARACHHA ROAD   161
“S06   24”   KARANJ   162
“S06   24”   KATARGAM   166
“S06   24”   SURAT WEST   167
GJ   NAVSARI   “S06   25”   LIMBAYAT   163
“S06   25”   UDHNA   164
“S06   25”   MAJURA   165
“S06   25”   CHORYASI   168
“S06   25”   JALALPORE   174
“S06   25”   NAVSARI   175
“S06   25”   GANDEVI   176
GJ   VALSAD   “S06   26”   DANGS   173
“S06   26”   VANSDA   177
“S06   26”   DHARAMPUR   178
“S06   26”   VALSAD   179
“S06   26”   PARDI   180
“S06   26”   KAPRADA   181
“S06   26”   UMBERGAON   182
HR   AMBALA   “S07   1”   KALKA   1
“S07   1”   PANCHKULA   2
“S07   1”   NARAINGARH   3
“S07   1”   AMBALA CANTT.   4
“S07   1”   AMBALA CITY   5
“S07   1”   MULANA   6
“S07   1”   SADHAURA   7
“S07   1”   JAGADHRI   8
“S07   1”   YAMUNANAGAR   9
HR   KURUKSHETRA   “S07   2”   RADAUR   10
“S07   2”   LADWA   11
“S07   2”   SHAHBAD   12
“S07   2”   THANESAR   13
“S07   2”   PEHOWA   14
“S07   2”   GUHLA   15
“S07   2”   KALAYAT   16
“S07   2”   KAITHAL   17
“S07   2”   PUNDRI   18
HR   SIRSA   “S07   3”   NARWANA   38
“S07   3”   TOHANA   39
“S07   3”   FATEHABAD   40
“S07   3”   RATIA   41
“S07   3”   KALAWALI   42
“S07   3”   DABWALI   43
“S07   3”   RANIA   44
“S07   3”   SIRSA   45
“S07   3”   ELLENABAD   46
HR   HISAR   “S07   4”   UCHANA KALAN   37
“S07   4”   ADAMPUR   47
“S07   4”   UKLANA   48
“S07   4”   NARNAUND   49
“S07   4”   HANSI   50
“S07   4”   BARWALA   51
“S07   4”   HISAR   52
“S07   4”   NALWA   53
“S07   4”   BAWANI KHERA   59
HR   KARNAL   “S07   5”   NILOKHERI   19
“S07   5”   INDRI   20
“S07   5”   KARNAL   21
“S07   5”   GHARAUNDA   22
“S07   5”   ASSANDH   23
“S07   5”   PANIPAT RURAL   24
“S07   5”   PANIPAT CITY   25
“S07   5”   ISRANA   26
“S07   5”   SAMALKHA   27
HR   SONIPAT   “S07   6”   GANAUR   28
“S07   6”   RAI   29
“S07   6”   KHARKHAUDA   30
“S07   6”   SONIPAT   31
“S07   6”   GOHANA   32
“S07   6”   BARODA   33
“S07   6”   JULANA   34
“S07   6”   SAFIDON   35
“S07   6”   JIND   36
HR   ROHTAK   “S07   7”   MEHAM   60
“S07   7”   GARHI SAMPLA-KILOI   61
“S07   7”   ROHTAK   62
“S07   7”   KALANAUR   63
“S07   7”   BAHADURGARH   64
“S07   7”   BADLI   65
“S07   7”   JHAJJAR   66
“S07   7”   BERI   67
“S07   7”   KOSLI   73
HR   BHIWANI-MAHENDRAGARH   “S07   8”   LOHARU   54
“S07   8”   BADHRA   55
“S07   8”   DADRI   56
“S07   8”   BHIWANI   57
“S07   8”   TOSHAM   58
“S07   8”   ATELI   68
“S07   8”   MAHENDRAGARH   69
“S07   8”   NARNAUL   70
“S07   8”   NANGAL CHAUDHRY   71
HR   GURGAON   “S07   9”   BAWAL   72
“S07   9”   REWARI   74
“S07   9”   PATAUDI   75
“S07   9”   BADSHAHPUR   76
“S07   9”   GURGAON   77
“S07   9”   SOHNA   78
“S07   9”   NUH   79
“S07   9”   FEROZEPUR JHIRKA   80
“S07   9”   PUNAHANA   81
HR   FARIDABAD   “S07   10”   HATHIN   82
“S07   10”   HODAL   83
“S07   10”   PALWAL   84
“S07   10”   PRITHLA   85
“S07   10”   FARIDABAD NIT   86
“S07   10”   BADKHAL   87
“S07   10”   BALLABHGARH   88
“S07   10”   FARIDABAD   89
“S07   10”   TIGAON   90
HP   KANGRA   “S08   1”   CHURAH   1
“S08   1”   CHAMBA   3
“S08   1”   DALHOUSIE   4
“S08   1”   BHATTIYAT   5
“S08   1”   NURPUR   6
“S08   1”   INDORA   7
“S08   1”   FATEHPUR   8
“S08   1”   JAWALI   9
“S08   1”   JAWALAMUKHI   12
“S08   1”   JAISINGHPUR   13
“S08   1”   SULLAH   14
“S08   1”   NAGROTA   15
“S08   1”   KANGRA   16
“S08   1”   SHAHPUR   17
“S08   1”   DHARAMSHALA   18
“S08   1”   PALAMPUR   19
“S08   1”   BAIJNATH   20
HP   MANDI   “S08   2”   BHARMOUR   2
“S08   2”   LAHAUL & SPITI   21
“S08   2”   MANALI   22
“S08   2”   KULLU   23
“S08   2”   BANJAR   24
“S08   2”   ANNI   25
“S08   2”   KARSOG   26
“S08   2”   SUNDERNAGAR   27
“S08   2”   NACHAN   28
“S08   2”   SERAJ   29
“S08   2”   DARANG   30
“S08   2”   JOGINDERNAGAR   31
“S08   2”   MANDI   33
“S08   2”   BALH   34
“S08   2”   SARKAGHAT   35
“S08   2”   RAMPUR   66
“S08   2”   KINNAUR   68
HP   HAMIRPUR   “S08   3”   DEHRA   10
“S08   3”   JASWAN-PRAGPUR   11
“S08   3”   DHARAMPUR   32
“S08   3”   BHORANJ   36
“S08   3”   SUJANPUR   37
“S08   3”   HAMIRPUR   38
“S08   3”   BARSAR   39
“S08   3”   NADAUN   40
“S08   3”   CHINTPURNI   41
“S08   3”   GAGRET   42
“S08   3”   HAROLI   43
“S08   3”   UNA   44
“S08   3”   KUTLEHAR   45
“S08   3”   JHANDUTA   46
“S08   3”   GHUMARWIN   47
“S08   3”   BILASPUR   48
“S08   3”   SRI NAINA DEVIJI   49
HP   SHIMLA   “S08   4”   ARKI   50
“S08   4”   NALAGARH   51
“S08   4”   DOON   52
“S08   4”   SOLAN   53
“S08   4”   KASAULI   54
“S08   4”   PACHHAD   55
“S08   4”   NAHAN   56
“S08   4”   SRI RENUKAJI   57
“S08   4”   PAONTA SAHIB   58
“S08   4”   SHILLAI   59
“S08   4”   CHOPAL   60
“S08   4”   THEOG   61
“S08   4”   KASUMPTI   62
“S08   4”   SHIMLA   63
“S08   4”   SHIMLA RURAL   64
“S08   4”   JUBBAL-KOTKHAI   65
“S08   4”   ROHRU   67
JK   BARAMULLA   “S09   1”   KARNAH   1
“S09   1”   KUPWARA   2
“S09   1”   LOLAB   3
“S09   1”   HANDWARA   4
“S09   1”   LANGATE   5
“S09   1”   URI   6
“S09   1”   RAFIABAD   7
“S09   1”   SOPORE   8
“S09   1”   GUREZ   9
“S09   1”   BANDIPORA   10
“S09   1”   SONAWARI   11
“S09   1”   SANGRAMA   12
“S09   1”   BARAMULLA   13
“S09   1”   GULMARG   14
“S09   1”   PATTAN   15
JK   SRINAGAR   “S09   2”   KANGAN   16
“S09   2”   GANDERBAL   17
“S09   2”   HAZRATBAL   18
“S09   2”   ZADIBAL   19
“S09   2”   EIDGAH   20
“S09   2”   KHANYAR   21
“S09   2”   HABBA KADAL   22
“S09   2”   AMIRA KADAL   23
“S09   2”   SONAWAR   24
“S09   2”   BATMALOO   25
“S09   2”   CHADOORA   26
“S09   2”   BUDGAM   27
“S09   2”   BEERWAH   28
“S09   2”   KHAN SAHIB   29
“S09   2”   CHRAR-I-SHARIEF   30
JK   ANANTNAG   “S09   3”   TRAL   31
“S09   3”   PAMPORE   32
“S09   3”   PULWAMA   33
“S09   3”   RAJPORA   34
“S09   3”   WACHI   35
“S09   3”   SHOPIAN   36
“S09   3”   NOORABAD   37
“S09   3”   KULGAM   38
“S09   3”   HOM SHALI BUGH   39
“S09   3”   ANANTNAG   40
“S09   3”   DEVSAR   41
“S09   3”   DOORU   42
“S09   3”   KOKERNAG   43
“S09   3”   SHANGUS   44
“S09   3”   BIJBEHARA   45
“S09   3”   PAHALGAM   46
JK   LADAKH   “S09   4”   NUBRA   47
“S09   4”   LEH   48
“S09   4”   KARGIL   49
“S09   4”   ZANSKAR   50
JK   UDHAMPUR   “S09   5”   KISHTWAR   51
“S09   5”   INDERWAL   52
“S09   5”   DODA   53
“S09   5”   BHADERWAH   54
“S09   5”   RAMBAN   55
“S09   5”   BANIHAL   56
“S09   5”   GULAB GARH   57
“S09   5”   REASI   58
“S09   5”   GOOL ARNAS   59
“S09   5”   UDHAMPUR   60
“S09   5”   CHENANI   61
“S09   5”   RAM NAGAR   62
“S09   5”   BANI   63
“S09   5”   BASOHLI   64
“S09   5”   KATHUA   65
“S09   5”   BILLAWAR   66
“S09   5”   HIRA NAGAR   67
JK   JAMMU   “S09   6”   SAMBA   68
“S09   6”   VIJAY PUR   69
“S09   6”   NAGROTA   70
“S09   6”   GANDHI NAGAR   71
“S09   6”   JAMMU EAST   72
“S09   6”   JAMMU WEST   73
“S09   6”   BISHNAH   74
“S09   6”   RANBIR SINGH PURA   75
“S09   6”   SUCHET GARH   76
“S09   6”   MARH   77
“S09   6”   RAIPUR DOMANA   78
“S09   6”   AKHNOOR   79
“S09   6”   CHHAMB   80
“S09   6”   NOWSHERA   81
“S09   6”   DARHAL   82
“S09   6”   RAJOURI   83
“S09   6”   KALA KOTE   84
“S09   6”   SURAN KOTE   85
“S09   6”   MENDHAR   86
“S09   6”   POONCH HAVELI   87
KA   CHIKKODI   “S10   1”   NIPPANI   1
“S10   1”   CHIKKODI-SADALGA   2
“S10   1”   ATHANI   3
“S10   1”   KAGWAD   4
“S10   1”   KUDACHI   5
“S10   1”   RAYBAG   6
“S10   1”   HUKKERI   7
“S10   1”   YEMKANMARDI   10
KA   BELGAUM   “S10   2”   ARABHAVI   8
“S10   2”   GOKAK   9
“S10   2”   BELGAUM UTTAR   11
“S10   2”   BELGAUM DAKSHIN   12
“S10   2”   BELGAUM RURAL   13
“S10   2”   BAILHONGAL   16
“S10   2”   SAUNDATTI YELLAMMA   17
“S10   2”   RAMDURG   18
KA   BAGALKOT   “S10   3”   MUDHOL   19
“S10   3”   TERDAL   20
“S10   3”   JAMKHANDI   21
“S10   3”   BILGI   22
“S10   3”   BADAMI   23
“S10   3”   BAGALKOT   24
“S10   3”   HUNGUND   25
“S10   3”   NARGUND   68
KA   BIJAPUR   “S10   4”   MUDDEBIHAL   26
“S10   4”   DEVAR HIPPARGI   27
“S10   4”   BASAVANA BAGEVADI   28
“S10   4”   BABALESHWAR   29
“S10   4”   BIJAPUR CITY   30
“S10   4”   NAGTHAN   31
“S10   4”   INDI   32
“S10   4”   SINDGI   33
KA   GULBARGA   “S10   5”   AFZALPUR   34
“S10   5”   JEVARGI   35
“S10   5”   GURMITKAL   39
“S10   5”   CHITTAPUR   40
“S10   5”   SEDAM   41
“S10   5”   GULBARGA RURAL   43
“S10   5”   GULBARGA DAKSHIN   44
“S10   5”   GULBARGA UTTAR   45
KA   RAICHUR   “S10   6”   SHORAPUR   36
“S10   6”   SHAHAPUR   37
“S10   6”   YADGIR   38
“S10   6”   RAICHUR RURAL   53
“S10   6”   RAICHUR   54
“S10   6”   MANVI   55
“S10   6”   DEVADURGA   56
“S10   6”   LINGSUGUR   57
KA   BIDAR   “S10   7”   CHINCHOLI   42
“S10   7”   ALAND   46
“S10   7”   BASAVAKALYAN   47
“S10   7”   HOMNABAD   48
“S10   7”   BIDAR SOUTH   49
“S10   7”   BIDAR   50
“S10   7”   BHALKI   51
“S10   7”   AURAD   52
KA   KOPPAL   “S10   8”   SINDHANUR   58
“S10   8”   MASKI   59
“S10   8”   KUSHTAGI   60
“S10   8”   KANAKAGIRI   61
“S10   8”   GANGAWATI   62
“S10   8”   YELBURGA   63
“S10   8”   KOPPAL   64
“S10   8”   SIRUGUPPA   92
KA   BELLARY   “S10   9”   HADAGALLI   88
“S10   9”   HAGARIBOMMANAHALLI   89
“S10   9”   VIJAYANAGARA   90
“S10   9”   KAMPLI   91
“S10   9”   BELLARY   93
“S10   9”   BELLARY CITY   94
“S10   9”   SANDUR   95
“S10   9”   KUDLIGI   96
KA   HAVERI   “S10   10”   SHIRAHATTI   65
“S10   10”   GADAG   66
“S10   10”   RON   67
“S10   10”   HANGAL   82
“S10   10”   HAVERI   84
“S10   10”   BYADGI   85
“S10   10”   HIREKERUR   86
“S10   10”   RANIBENNUR   87
KA   DHARWAD   “S10   11”   NAVALGUND   69
“S10   11”   KUNDGOL   70
“S10   11”   DHARWAD   71
“S10   11”   HUBLI-DHARWAD-EAST   72
“S10   11”   HUBLI-DHARWAD-CENTRAL   73
“S10   11”   HUBLI-DHARWAD- WEST   74
“S10   11”   KALGHATGI   75
“S10   11”   SHIGGAON   83
KA   UTTARA KANNADA   “S10   12”   KHANAPUR   14
“S10   12”   KITTUR   15
“S10   12”   HALIYAL   76
“S10   12”   KARWAR   77
“S10   12”   KUMTA   78
“S10   12”   BHATKAL   79
“S10   12”   SIRSI   80
“S10   12”   YELLAPUR   81
KA   DAVANAGERE   “S10   13”   JAGALUR   103
“S10   13”   HARAPANAHALLI   104
“S10   13”   HARIHAR   105
“S10   13”   DAVANAGERE NORTH   106
“S10   13”   DAVANAGERE SOUTH   107
“S10   13”   MAYAKONDA   108
“S10   13”   CHANNAGIRI   109
“S10   13”   HONNALI   110
KA   SHIMOGA   “S10   14”   SHIMOGA RURAL   111
“S10   14”   BHADRAVATI   112
“S10   14”   SHIMOGA   113
“S10   14”   TIRTHAHALLI   114
“S10   14”   SHIKARIPURA   115
“S10   14”   SORAB   116
“S10   14”   SAGAR   117
“S10   14”   BYNDOOR   118
KA   UDUPI CHIKMAGALUR   “S10   15”   KUNDAPURA   119
“S10   15”   UDUPI   120
“S10   15”   KAPU   121
“S10   15”   KARKAL   122
“S10   15”   SRINGERI   123
“S10   15”   MUDIGERE   124
“S10   15”   CHIKMAGALUR   125
“S10   15”   TARIKERE   126
KA   HASSAN   “S10   16”   KADUR   127
“S10   16”   SHRAVANABELAGOLA   193
“S10   16”   ARSIKERE   194
“S10   16”   BELUR   195
“S10   16”   HASSAN   196
“S10   16”   HOLENARASIPUR   197
“S10   16”   ARKALGUD   198
“S10   16”   SAKLESHPUR   199
KA   DAKSHINA KANNADA   “S10   17”   BELTHANGADY   200
“S10   17”   MOODABIDRI   201
“S10   17”   MANGALORE CITY NORTH   202
“S10   17”   MANGALORE CITY SOUTH   203
“S10   17”   MANGALORE   204
“S10   17”   BANTVAL   205
“S10   17”   PUTTUR   206
“S10   17”   SULLIA   207
KA   CHITRADURGA   “S10   18”   MOLAKALMURU   97
“S10   18”   CHALLAKERE   98
“S10   18”   CHITRADURGA   99
“S10   18”   HIRIYUR   100
“S10   18”   HOSADURGA   101
“S10   18”   HOLALKERE   102
“S10   18”   SIRA   136
“S10   18”   PAVAGADA   137
KA   TUMKUR   “S10   19”   CHIKNAYAKANHALLI   128
“S10   19”   TIPTUR   129
“S10   19”   TURUVEKERE   130
“S10   19”   TUMKUR CITY   132
“S10   19”   TUMKUR RURAL   133
“S10   19”   KORATAGERE   134
“S10   19”   GUBBI   135
“S10   19”   MADHUGIRI   138
KA   MANDYA   “S10   20”   MALAVALLI   186
“S10   20”   MADDUR   187
“S10   20”   MELUKOTE   188
“S10   20”   MANDYA   189
“S10   20”   SHRIRANGAPATTANA   190
“S10   20”   NAGAMANGALA   191
“S10   20”   KRISHNARAJPET   192
“S10   20”   KRISHNARAJANAGARA   211
KA   MYSORE   “S10   21”   MADIKERI   208
“S10   21”   VIRAJPET   209
“S10   21”   PIRIYAPATNA   210
“S10   21”   HUNSUR   212
“S10   21”   CHAMUNDESHWARI   215
“S10   21”   KRISHNARAJA   216
“S10   21”   CHAMARAJA   217
“S10   21”   NARASIMHARAJA   218
KA   CHAMARAJANAGAR   “S10   22”   HEGGADADEVANKOTE   213
“S10   22”   NANJANGUD   214
“S10   22”   VARUNA   219
“S10   22”   T.NARASIPUR   220
“S10   22”   HANUR   221
“S10   22”   KOLLEGAL   222
“S10   22”   CHAMARAJANAGAR   223
“S10   22”   GUNDLUPET   224
KA   BANGALORE RURAL   “S10   23”   KUNIGAL   131
“S10   23”   RAJARAJESHWARINAGAR   154
“S10   23”   BANGALORE SOUTH   176
“S10   23”   ANEKAL   177
“S10   23”   MAGADI   182
“S10   23”   RAMANAGARAM   183
“S10   23”   KANAKAPURA   184
“S10   23”   CHANNAPATNA   185
KA   BANGALORE NORTH   “S10   24”   K.R.PURA   151
“S10   24”   BYATARAYANAPURA   152
“S10   24”   YESHVANTHAPURA   153
“S10   24”   DASARAHALLI   155
“S10   24”   MAHALAKSHMI LAYOUT   156
“S10   24”   MALLESHWARAM   157
“S10   24”   HEBBAL   158
“S10   24”   PULAKESHINAGAR   159
KA   BANGALORE CENTRAL   “S10   25”   SARVAGNANAGAR   160
“S10   25”   C.V. RAMAN NAGAR   161
“S10   25”   SHIVAJINAGAR   162
“S10   25”   SHANTI NAGAR   163
“S10   25”   GANDHI NAGAR   164
“S10   25”   RAJAJI NAGAR   165
“S10   25”   CHAMRAJPET   168
“S10   25”   MAHADEVAPURA   174
KA   BANGALORE SOUTH   “S10   26”   GOVINDRAJ NAGAR   166
“S10   26”   VIJAY NAGAR   167
“S10   26”   CHICKPET   169
“S10   26”   BASAVANAGUDI   170
“S10   26”   PADMANABA NAGAR   171
“S10   26”   B.T.M LAYOUT   172
“S10   26”   JAYANAGAR   173
“S10   26”   BOMMANAHALLI   175
KA   CHIKKBALLAPUR   “S10   27”   GAURIBIDANUR   139
“S10   27”   BAGEPALLI   140
“S10   27”   CHIKKABALLAPUR   141
“S10   27”   YELAHANKA   150
“S10   27”   HOSAKOTE   178
“S10   27”   DEVANAHALLI   179
“S10   27”   DODDABALLAPUR   180
“S10   27”   NELAMANGALA   181
KA   KOLAR   “S10   28”   SIDLAGHATTA   142
“S10   28”   CHINTAMANI   143
“S10   28”   SRINIVASPUR   144
“S10   28”   MULBAGAL   145
“S10   28”   KOLAR GOLD FIELD   146
“S10   28”   BANGARAPET   147
“S10   28”   KOLAR   148
“S10   28”   MALUR   149
KL   KASARAGOD   “S11   1”   MANJESHWAR   1
“S11   1”   KASARAGOD   2
“S11   1”   UDUMA   3
“S11   1”   KANHANGAD   4
“S11   1”   TRIKARIPUR   5
“S11   1”   PAYYANNUR   6
“S11   1”   KALLIASSERI   7
KL   KANNUR   “S11   2”   TALIPARAMBA   8
“S11   2”   IRIKKUR   9
“S11   2”   AZHIKODE   10
“S11   2”   KANNUR   11
“S11   2”   DHARMADAM   12
“S11   2”   MATTANNUR   15
“S11   2”   PERAVOOR   16
KL   VADAKARA   “S11   3”   THALASSERY   13
“S11   3”   KUTHUPARAMBA   14
“S11   3”   VADAKARA   20
“S11   3”   KUTTIADI   21
“S11   3”   NADAPURAM   22
“S11   3”   QUILANDY   23
“S11   3”   PERAMBRA   24
KL   WAYANAD   “S11   4”   MANANTHAVADY   17
“S11   4”   SULTHANBATHERY   18
“S11   4”   KALPETTA   19
“S11   4”   THIRUVANMBADI   32
“S11   4”   ERNAD   34
“S11   4”   NILAMBUR   35
“S11   4”   WANDOOR   36
KL   KOZHIKODE   “S11   5”   BALUSSERI   25
“S11   5”   ELATHUR   26
“S11   5”   KOZHIKODE NORTH   27
“S11   5”   KOZHIKODE SOUTH   28
“S11   5”   BEYPORE   29
“S11   5”   KUNNAMANGALAM   30
“S11   5”   KODUVALLY   31
KL   MALAPPURAM   “S11   6”   KONDOTTY   33
“S11   6”   MANJERI   37
“S11   6”   PERINTHALMANNA   38
“S11   6”   MANKADA   39
“S11   6”   MALAPPURAM   40
“S11   6”   VENGARA   41
“S11   6”   VALLIKKUNNU   42
KL   PONNANI   “S11   7”   TIRURANGADI   43
“S11   7”   TANUR   44
“S11   7”   TIRUR   45
“S11   7”   KOTTAKKAL   46
“S11   7”   THAVANUR   47
“S11   7”   PONNANI   48
“S11   7”   THRITHALA   49
KL   PALAKKAD   “S11   8”   PATTAMBI   50
“S11   8”   SHORANUR   51
“S11   8”   OTTAPPALAM   52
“S11   8”   KONGAD   53
“S11   8”   MANNARKKAD   54
“S11   8”   MALAMPUZHA   55
“S11   8”   PALAKKAD   56
KL   ALATHUR   “S11   9”   TARUR   57
“S11   9”   CHITTUR   58
“S11   9”   NEMMARA   59
“S11   9”   ALATHUR   60
“S11   9”   CHELAKKARA   61
“S11   9”   KUNNAMKULAM   62
“S11   9”   WADAKKANCHERY   65
KL   THRISSUR   “S11   10”   GURUVAYOOR   63
“S11   10”   MANALUR   64
“S11   10”   OLLUR   66
“S11   10”   THRISSUR   67
“S11   10”   NATTIKA   68
“S11   10”   IRINJALAKUDA   70
“S11   10”   PUTHUKKAD   71
KL   CHALAKUDY   “S11   11”   KAIPAMANGALAM   69
“S11   11”   CHALAKUDY   72
“S11   11”   KODUNGALLUR   73
“S11   11”   PERUMBAVOOR   74
“S11   11”   ANGAMALY   75
“S11   11”   ALUVA   76
“S11   11”   KUNNATHUNAD   84
KL   ERNAKULAM   “S11   12”   KALAMASSERY   77
“S11   12”   PARAVUR   78
“S11   12”   VYPEEN   79
“S11   12”   KOCHI   80
“S11   12”   THRIPPUNITHURA   81
“S11   12”   ERNAKULAM   82
“S11   12”   THRIKKAKARA   83
KL   IDUKKI   “S11   13”   MUVATTUPUZHA   86
“S11   13”   KOTHAMANGALAM   87
“S11   13”   DEVIKULAM   88
“S11   13”   UDUMBANCHOLA   89
“S11   13”   THODUPUZHA   90
“S11   13”   IDUKKI   91
“S11   13”   PEERUMADE   92
KL   KOTTAYAM   “S11   14”   PIRAVOM   85
“S11   14”   PALA   93
“S11   14”   KADUTHURUTHY   94
“S11   14”   VAIKOM   95
“S11   14”   ETTUMANOOR   96
“S11   14”   KOTTAYAM   97
“S11   14”   PUTHUPPALLY   98
KL   ALAPPUZHA   “S11   15”   AROOR   102
“S11   15”   CHERTHALA   103
“S11   15”   ALAPPUZHA   104
“S11   15”   AMBALAPPUZHA   105
“S11   15”   HARIPAD   107
“S11   15”   KAYAMKULAM   108
“S11   15”   KARUNAGAPPALLY   116
KL   MAVELIKKARA   “S11   16”   CHANGANASSERY   99
“S11   16”   KUTTANAD   106
“S11   16”   MAVELIKKARA   109
“S11   16”   CHENGANNUR   110
“S11   16”   KUNNATHUR   118
“S11   16”   KOTTARAKKARA   119
“S11   16”   PATHANAPURAM   120
KL   PATHANAMTHITTA   “S11   17”   KANJIRAPPALLY   100
“S11   17”   POONJAR   101
“S11   17”   THIRUVALLA   111
“S11   17”   RANNI   112
“S11   17”   ARANMULA   113
“S11   17”   KONNI   114
“S11   17”   ADOOR   115
KL   KOLLAM   “S11   18”   CHAVARA   117
“S11   18”   PUNALUR   121
“S11   18”   CHADAYAMANGALAM   122
“S11   18”   KUNDARA   123
“S11   18”   KOLLAM   124
“S11   18”   ERAVIPURAM   125
“S11   18”   CHATHANNOOR   126
KL   ATTINGAL   “S11   19”   VARKALA   127
“S11   19”   ATTINGAL   128
“S11   19”   CHIRAYINKEEZHU   129
“S11   19”   NEDUMANGAD   130
“S11   19”   VAMANAPURAM   131
“S11   19”   ARUVIKKARA   136
“S11   19”   KATTAKKADA   138
KL   THIRUVANANTHAPURAM   “S11   20”   KAZHAKOOTTAM   132
“S11   20”   VATTIYOOUKAVU   133
“S11   20”   THIRUVANANTHAPURAM   134
“S11   20”   NEMOM   135
“S11   20”   PARASSALA   137
“S11   20”   KOVALAM   139
“S11   20”   NEYYATTINKARA   140
MP   MORENA   “S12   1”   SHEOPUR   1
“S12   1”   VIJAYPUR   2
“S12   1”   SABALGARH   3
“S12   1”   JOURA   4
“S12   1”   SUMAWALI   5
“S12   1”   MORENA   6
“S12   1”   DIMANI   7
“S12   1”   AMBAH   8
MP   BHIND   “S12   2”   ATER   9
“S12   2”   BHIND   10
“S12   2”   LAHAR   11
“S12   2”   MEHGAON   12
“S12   2”   GOHAD   13
“S12   2”   SEWDA   20
“S12   2”   BHANDER   21
“S12   2”   DATIA   22
MP   GWALIOR   “S12   3”   GWALIOR RURAL   14
“S12   3”   GWALIOR   15
“S12   3”   GWALIOR EAST   16
“S12   3”   GWALIOR SOUTH   17
“S12   3”   BHITARWAR   18
“S12   3”   DABRA   19
“S12   3”   KARERA   23
“S12   3”   POHARI   24
MP   GUNA   “S12   4”   SHIVPURI   25
“S12   4”   PICHHORE   26
“S12   4”   KOLARAS   27
“S12   4”   BAMORI   28
“S12   4”   GUNA   29
“S12   4”   ASHOK NAGAR   32
“S12   4”   CHANDERI   33
“S12   4”   MUNGAOLI   34
MP   SAGAR   “S12   5”   BINA   35
“S12   5”   KHURAI   36
“S12   5”   SURKHI   37
“S12   5”   NARYOLI   40
“S12   5”   SAGAR   41
“S12   5”   KURWAI   146
“S12   5”   SIRONJ   147
“S12   5”   SHAMSHABAD   148
MP   TIKAMGARH   “S12   6”   TIKAMGARH   43
“S12   6”   JATARA   44
“S12   6”   PRITHVIPUR   45
“S12   6”   NIWARI   46
“S12   6”   KHARGAPUR   47
“S12   6”   MAHARAJPUR   48
“S12   6”   CHHATARPUR   51
“S12   6”   BIJAWAR   52
MP   DAMOH   “S12   7”   DEORI   38
“S12   7”   REHLI   39
“S12   7”   BANDA   42
“S12   7”   MALHARA   53
“S12   7”   PATHARIYA   54
“S12   7”   DAMOH   55
“S12   7”   JABERA   56
“S12   7”   HATTA   57
MP   KHAJURAHO   “S12   8”   CHANDLA   49
“S12   8”   RAJNAGAR   50
“S12   8”   PAWAI   58
“S12   8”   GUNNAOR   59
“S12   8”   PANNA   60
“S12   8”   VIJAYRAGHAVGARH   92
“S12   8”   MURWARA   93
“S12   8”   BAHORIBAND   94
MP   SATNA   “S12   9”   CHITRAKOOT   61
“S12   9”   RAIGAON   62
“S12   9”   SATNA   63
“S12   9”   NAGOD   64
“S12   9”   MAIHAR   65
“S12   9”   AMARPATAN   66
“S12   9”   RAMPUR-BAGHELAN   67
MP   REWA   “S12   10”   SIRMOUR   68
“S12   10”   SEMARIYA   69
“S12   10”   TEONTHAR   70
“S12   10”   MAUGANJ   71
“S12   10”   DEOTALAB   72
“S12   10”   MANGAWAN   73
“S12   10”   REWA   74
“S12   10”   GURH   75
MP   SIDHI   “S12   11”   CHURHAT   76
“S12   11”   SIDHI   77
“S12   11”   SIHAWAL   78
“S12   11”   CHITRANGI   79
“S12   11”   SINGRAULI   80
“S12   11”   DEVSAR   81
“S12   11”   DHAUHANI   82
“S12   11”   BEOHARI   83
MP   SHAHDOL   “S12   12”   JAISINGHNAGAR   84
“S12   12”   JAITPUR   85
“S12   12”   KOTMA   86
“S12   12”   ANUPPUR   87
“S12   12”   PUSHPRAJGARH   88
“S12   12”   BANDHAVGARH   89
“S12   12”   MANPUR   90
“S12   12”   BARWARA   91
MP   JABALPUR   “S12   13”   PATAN   95
“S12   13”   BARGI   96
“S12   13”   JABALPUR PURBA   97
“S12   13”   JABALPUR UTTAR   98
“S12   13”   JABALPUR CANTT.   99
“S12   13”   JABALPUR PASCHIM   100
“S12   13”   PANAGAR   101
“S12   13”   SIHORA   102
MP   MANDLA   “S12   14”   SHAHPURA   103
“S12   14”   DINDORI   104
“S12   14”   BICHHIYA   105
“S12   14”   NIWAS   106
“S12   14”   MANDLA   107
“S12   14”   KEOLARI   116
“S12   14”   LAKHNADON   117
“S12   14”   GOTEGAON   118
MP   BALAGHAT   “S12   15”   BAIHAR   108
“S12   15”   LANJI   109
“S12   15”   PARASWADA   110
“S12   15”   BALAGHAT   111
“S12   15”   WARASEONI   112
“S12   15”   KATANGI   113
“S12   15”   BARGHAT   114
“S12   15”   SEONI   115
MP   CHHINDWARA   “S12   16”   JUNNARDEO   122
“S12   16”   AMARWARA   123
“S12   16”   CHURAI   124
“S12   16”   SAUNSAR   125
“S12   16”   CHHINDWARA   126
“S12   16”   PARASIA   127
“S12   16”   PANDHURNA   128
MP   HOSHANGABAD   “S12   17”   NARSINGPUR   119
“S12   17”   TENDUKHEDA   120
“S12   17”   GADARWARA   121
“S12   17”   SEONI-MALWA   136
“S12   17”   HOSHANGABAD   137
“S12   17”   SOHAGPUR   138
“S12   17”   PIPARIYA   139
“S12   17”   UDAIPURA   140
MP   VIDISHA   “S12   18”   BHOJPUR   141
“S12   18”   SANCHI   142
“S12   18”   SILWANI   143
“S12   18”   VIDISHA   144
“S12   18”   BASODA   145
“S12   18”   BUDHNI   156
“S12   18”   ICHHAWAR   158
“S12   18”   KHATEGAON   173
MP   BHOPAL   “S12   19”   BERASIA   149
“S12   19”   BHOPAL UTTAR   150
“S12   19”   NARELA   151
“S12   19”   BHOPAL DAKSHIN- PASCHIM   152
“S12   19”   BHOPAL MADHYA   153
“S12   19”   GOVINDPURA   154
“S12   19”   HUZUR   155
“S12   19”   SEHORE   159
MP   RAJGARH   “S12   20”   CHACHOURA   30
“S12   20”   RAGHOGARH   31
“S12   20”   NARSINGHGARH   160
“S12   20”   BIAORA   161
“S12   20”   RAJGARH   162
“S12   20”   KHILCHIPUR   163
“S12   20”   SARANGPUR   164
“S12   20”   SUSNER   165
MP   DEWAS   “S12   21”   ASHTA   157
“S12   21”   AGAR   166
“S12   21”   SHAJAPUR   167
“S12   21”   SHUJALPUR   168
“S12   21”   KALAPIPAL   169
“S12   21”   SONKATCH   170
“S12   21”   DEWAS   171
“S12   21”   HATPIPLIYA   172
MP   UJJAIN   “S12   22”   NAGADA-KHACHROD   212
“S12   22”   MAHIDPUR   213
“S12   22”   TARANA   214
“S12   22”   GHATIYA   215
“S12   22”   UJJAIN UTTAR   216
“S12   22”   UJJAIN DAKSHIN   217
“S12   22”   BADNAGAR   218
“S12   22”   ALOT   223
MP   MANDSOUR   “S12   23”   JAORA   222
“S12   23”   MANDSOUR   224
“S12   23”   MALHARGARH   225
“S12   23”   SUWASRA   226
“S12   23”   GAROTH   227
“S12   23”   MANASA   228
“S12   23”   NEEMUCH   229
“S12   23”   JAWAD   230
MP   RATLAM   “S12   24”   ALIRAJPUR   191
“S12   24”   JOBAT   192
“S12   24”   JHABUA   193
“S12   24”   THANDLA   194
“S12   24”   PETLAWAD   195
“S12   24”   RATLAM RURAL   219
“S12   24”   RATLAM CITY   220
“S12   24”   SAILANA   221
MP   DHAR   “S12   25”   SARDARPUR   196
“S12   25”   GANDHWANI   197
“S12   25”   KUKSHI   198
“S12   25”   MANAWAR   199
“S12   25”   DHARAMPURI   200
“S12   25”   DHAR   201
“S12   25”   BADNAWAR   202
“S12   25”   DR.AMBEDKARNAGAR-MHOW   209
MP   INDORE   “S12   26”   DEPALPUR   203
“S12   26”   INDORE-1   204
“S12   26”   INDORE-2   205
“S12   26”   INDORE-3   206
“S12   26”   INDORE-4   207
“S12   26”   INDORE-5   208
“S12   26”   RAU   210
“S12   26”   SANWER   211
MP   KHARGONE   “S12   27”   MAHESHWAR   183
“S12   27”   KASRAWAD   184
“S12   27”   KHARGONE   185
“S12   27”   BHAGWANPURA   186
“S12   27”   SENDHAWA   187
“S12   27”   RAJPUR   188
“S12   27”   PANSEMAL   189
“S12   27”   BADWANI   190
MP   KHANDWA   “S12   28”   BAGALI   174
“S12   28”   MANDHATA   175
“S12   28”   KHANDWA   177
“S12   28”   PANDHANA   178
“S12   28”   NEPANAGAR   179
“S12   28”   BURHANPUR   180
“S12   28”   BHIKANGAON   181
“S12   28”   BADWAH   182
MP   BETUL   “S12   29”   MULTAI   129
“S12   29”   AMLA   130
“S12   29”   BETUL   131
“S12   29”   GHORADONGRI   132
“S12   29”   BHAINSDEHI   133
“S12   29”   TIMARNI   134
“S12   29”   HARDA   135
“S12   29”   HARSUD   176
MH   NANDURBAR   “S13   1”   AKKALKUWA   1
“S13   1”   SHAHADA   2
“S13   1”   NANDURBAR   3
“S13   1”   NAWAPUR   4
“S13   1”   SAKRI   5
“S13   1”   SHIRPUR   9
MH   DHULE   “S13   2”   DHULE RURAL   6
“S13   2”   DHULE CITY   7
“S13   2”   SINDKHEDA   8
“S13   2”   MALEGAON CENTRAL   114
“S13   2”   MALEGAON OUTER   115
“S13   2”   BAGLAN   116
MH   JALGAON   “S13   3”   JALGAON CITY   13
“S13   3”   JALGAON RURAL   14
“S13   3”   AMALNER   15
“S13   3”   ERANDOL   16
“S13   3”   CHALISGAON   17
“S13   3”   PACHORA   18
MH   RAVER   “S13   4”   CHOPDA   10
“S13   4”   RAVER   11
“S13   4”   BHUSAWAL   12
“S13   4”   JAMNER   19
“S13   4”   MUKTAINAGAR   20
“S13   4”   MALKAPUR   21
MH   BULDHANA   “S13   5”   BULDHANA   22
“S13   5”   CHIKHLI   23
“S13   5”   SINDKHED RAJA   24
“S13   5”   MEHKAR   25
“S13   5”   KHAMGAON   26
“S13   5”   JALGAON (JAMOD)   27
MH   AKOLA   “S13   6”   AKOT   28
“S13   6”   BALAPUR   29
“S13   6”   AKOLA WEST   30
“S13   6”   AKOLA EAST   31
“S13   6”   MURTIJAPUR   32
“S13   6”   RISOD   33
MH   AMRAVATI   “S13   7”   BADNERA   37
“S13   7”   AMRAVATI   38
“S13   7”   TEOSA   39
“S13   7”   DARYAPUR   40
“S13   7”   MELGHAT   41
“S13   7”   ACHALPUR   42
MH   WARDHA   “S13   8”   DHAMAMGAON RAILWAY   36
“S13   8”   MORSHI   43
“S13   8”   ARVI   44
“S13   8”   DEOLI   45
“S13   8”   HINGANGHAT   46
“S13   8”   WARDHA   47
MH   RAMTEK   “S13   9”   KATOL   48
“S13   9”   SAVNER   49
“S13   9”   HINGNA   50
“S13   9”   UMRED   51
“S13   9”   KAMTHI   58
“S13   9”   RAMTEK   59
MH   NAGPUR   “S13   10”   NAGPUR SOUTH WEST   52
“S13   10”   NAGPUR SOUTH   53
“S13   10”   NAGPUR EAST   54
“S13   10”   NAGPUR CENTRAL   55
“S13   10”   NAGPUR WEST   56
“S13   10”   NAGPUR NORTH   57
MH   BHANDARA – GONDIYA   “S13   11”   TUMSAR   60
“S13   11”   BHANDARA   61
“S13   11”   SAKOLI   62
“S13   11”   ARJUNI-MORGAON   63
“S13   11”   TIRORA   64
“S13   11”   GONDIYA   65
MH   GADCHIROLI-CHIMUR   “S13   12”   AMGAON   66
“S13   12”   ARMORI   67
“S13   12”   GADCHIROLI   68
“S13   12”   AHERI   69
“S13   12”   BRAHMAPURI   73
“S13   12”   CHIMUR   74
MH   CHANDRAPUR   “S13   13”   RAJURA   70
“S13   13”   CHANDRAPUR   71
“S13   13”   BALLARPUR   72
“S13   13”   WARORA   75
“S13   13”   WANI   76
“S13   13”   ARNI   80
MH   YAVATMAL-WASHIM   “S13   14”   WASHIM   34
“S13   14”   KARANJA   35
“S13   14”   RALEGAON   77
“S13   14”   YAVATMAL   78
“S13   14”   DIGRAS   79
“S13   14”   PUSAD   81
MH   HINGOLI   “S13   15”   UMARKHED   82
“S13   15”   KINWAT   83
“S13   15”   HADGAON   84
“S13   15”   BASMATH   92
“S13   15”   KALAMNURI   93
“S13   15”   HINGOLI   94
MH   NANDED   “S13   16”   BHOKAR   85
“S13   16”   NANDED NORTH   86
“S13   16”   NANDED SOUTH   87
“S13   16”   NAIGAON   89
“S13   16”   DEGLUR   90
“S13   16”   MUKHED   91
MH   PARBHANI   “S13   17”   JINTUR   95
“S13   17”   PARBHANI   96
“S13   17”   GANGAKHED   97
“S13   17”   PATHRI   98
“S13   17”   PARTUR   99
“S13   17”   GHANSAWANGI   100
MH   JALNA   “S13   18”   101. JALNA   101
“S13   18”   BADNAPUR   102
“S13   18”   BHOKARDAN   103
“S13   18”   SILLOD   104
“S13   18”   PHULAMBRI   106
“S13   18”   PAITHAN   110
MH   AURANGABAD   “S13   19”   KANNAD   105
“S13   19”   AURANGABAD CENTRAL   107
“S13   19”   AURANGABAD WEST   108
“S13   19”   AURANGABAD EAST   109
“S13   19”   GANGAPUR   111
“S13   19”   VAIJAPUR   112
MH   DINDORI   “S13   20”   NANDGAON   113
“S13   20”   KALWAN   117
“S13   20”   CHANDVAD   118
“S13   20”   YEVLA   119
“S13   20”   NIPHAD   121
“S13   20”   DINDORI   122
MH   NASHIK   “S13   21”   SINNAR   120
“S13   21”   NASHIK EAST   123
“S13   21”   NASHIK CENTRAL   124
“S13   21”   NASHIK WEST   125
“S13   21”   DEVLALI   126
“S13   21”   IGATPURI   127
MH   PALGHAR   “S13   22”   DAHANU   128
“S13   22”   VIKRAMGAD   129
“S13   22”   PALGHAR   130
“S13   22”   BOISAR   131
“S13   22”   NALASOPARA   132
“S13   22”   VASAI   133
MH   BHIWANDI   “S13   23”   BHIWANDI RURAL   134
“S13   23”   SHAHAPUR   135
“S13   23”   BHIWANDI WEST   136
“S13   23”   BHIWANDI EAST   137
“S13   23”   KALYAN WEST   138
“S13   23”   MURBAD   139
MH   KALYAN   “S13   24”   AMBERNATH   140
“S13   24”   ULHAS NAGAR   141
“S13   24”   KALYAN EAST   142
“S13   24”   DOMBIVALI   143
“S13   24”   KALYAN RURAL   144
“S13   24”   MUMBRA-KALWA   149
MH   THANE   “S13   25”   MIRA BHAYANDAR   145
“S13   25”   OVALA – MAJIWADA   146
“S13   25”   KOPRI-PACHPAKHADI   147
“S13   25”   THANE   148
“S13   25”   AIROLI   150
“S13   25”   BELAPUR   151
MH   MUMBAI NORTH   “S13   26”   BORIVALI   152
“S13   26”   DAHISAR   153
“S13   26”   MAGATHANE   154
“S13   26”   KANDIVALI EAST   160
“S13   26”   CHARKOP   161
“S13   26”   MALAD WEST   162
MH   MUMBAI NORTH WEST   “S13   27”   JOGESHWARI EAST   158
“S13   27”   DINDOSHI   159
“S13   27”   GOREGAON   163
“S13   27”   VERSOVA   164
“S13   27”   ANDHERI WEST   165
“S13   27”   ANDHERI EAST   166
MH   MUMBAI NORTH EAST   “S13   28”   MULUND   155
“S13   28”   VIKHROLI   156
“S13   28”   BHANDUP WEST   157
“S13   28”   GHATKOPAR WEST   169
“S13   28”   GHATKOPAR EAST   170
“S13   28”   MANKHURD SHIVAJI NAGAR   171
MH   MUMBAI NORTH CENTRAL   “S13   29”   VILE PARLE   167
“S13   29”   CHANDIVALI   168
“S13   29”   KURLA   174
“S13   29”   KALINA   175
“S13   29”   VANDRE EAST   176
“S13   29”   VANDRE WEST   177
MH   MUMBAI SOUTH CENTRAL   “S13   30”   ANUSHAKTI NAGAR   172
“S13   30”   CHEMBUR   173
“S13   30”   DHARAVI   178
“S13   30”   SION KOLIWADA   179
“S13   30”   WADALA   180
“S13   30”   MAHIM   181
MH   MUMBAI SOUTH   “S13   31”   WORLI   182
“S13   31”   SHIVADI   183
“S13   31”   BYCULLA   184
“S13   31”   MALABAR HILL   185
“S13   31”   MUMBA DEVI   186
“S13   31”   COLABA   187
MH   RAIGAD   “S13   32”   PEN   191
“S13   32”   ALIBAG   192
“S13   32”   SHRIVARDHAN   193
“S13   32”   MAHAD   194
“S13   32”   DAPOLI   263
“S13   32”   GUHAGAR   264
MH   MAVAL   “S13   33”   PANVEL   188
“S13   33”   KARJAT   189
“S13   33”   URAN   190
“S13   33”   MAVAL   204
“S13   33”   CHINCHWAD   205
“S13   33”   PIMPRI   206
MH   PUNE   “S13   34”   VADGAOL SHERI   208
“S13   34”   SHIVAJINAGAR   209
“S13   34”   KOTHRUD   210
“S13   34”   PARVATI   212
“S13   34”   PUNE CANTONMENT   214
“S13   34”   KASBA PETH   215
MH   BARAMATI   “S13   35”   DAUND   199
“S13   35”   INDAPUR   200
“S13   35”   BARAMATI   201
“S13   35”   PURANDAR   202
“S13   35”   BHOR   203
“S13   35”   KHADAKWASALA   211
MH   SHIRUR   “S13   36”   JUNNAR   195
“S13   36”   AMBEGAON   196
“S13   36”   KHED ALANDI   197
“S13   36”   SHIRUR   198
“S13   36”   BHOSARI   207
“S13   36”   HADAPSAR   213
MH   AHMADNAGAR   “S13   37”   SHEVGAON   222
“S13   37”   RAHURI   223
“S13   37”   PARNER   224
“S13   37”   AHMEDNAGAR CITY   225
“S13   37”   SHRIGONDA   226
“S13   37”   KARJAT JAMKHED   227
MH   SHIRDI   “S13   38”   AKOLE   216
“S13   38”   SANGAMNER   217
“S13   38”   SHIRDI   218
“S13   38”   KOPARGAON   219
“S13   38”   SHRIRAMPUR   220
“S13   38”   NEVASA   221
MH   BEED   “S13   39”   GEORAI   228
“S13   39”   MAJALGAON   229
“S13   39”   BEED   230
“S13   39”   ASHTI   231
“S13   39”   KAIJ   232
“S13   39”   PARLI   233
MH   OSMANABAD   “S13   40”   AUSA   239
“S13   40”   UMARGA   240
“S13   40”   TULJAPUR   241
“S13   40”   OSMANABAD   242
“S13   40”   PARANDA   243
“S13   40”   BARSHI   246
MH   LATUR   “S13   41”   LOHA   88
“S13   41”   LATUR RURAL   234
“S13   41”   LATUR CITY   235
“S13   41”   AHMADPUR   236
“S13   41”   UDGIR   237
“S13   41”   NILANGA   238
MH   SOLAPUR   “S13   42”   MOHOL   247
“S13   42”   SOLAPUR CITY NORTH   248
“S13   42”   SOLAPUR CITY CENTRAL   249
“S13   42”   AKKALKOT   250
“S13   42”   SOLAPUR SOUTH   251
“S13   42”   PANDHARPUR   252
MH   MADHA   “S13   43”   KARMALA   244
“S13   43”   MADHA   245
“S13   43”   SANGOLE   253
“S13   43”   MALSHIRAS   254
“S13   43”   PHALTAN   255
“S13   43”   MAN   258
MH   SANGLI   “S13   44”   MIRAJ   281
“S13   44”   SANGLI   282
“S13   44”   PALUS-KADEGAON   285
“S13   44”   KHANAPUR   286
“S13   44”   TASGAON – KAVATHE MAHANKAL   287
“S13   44”   JAT   288
MH   SATARA   “S13   45”   WAI   256
“S13   45”   KOREGAON   257
“S13   45”   KARAD NORTH   259
“S13   45”   KARAD SOUTH   260
“S13   45”   PATAN   261
“S13   45”   SATARA   262
MH   RATNAGIRI – SINDHUDURG   “S13   46”   CHIPLUN   265
“S13   46”   RATNAGIRI   266
“S13   46”   RAJAPUR   267
“S13   46”   KANKAVLI   268
“S13   46”   KUDAL   269
“S13   46”   SAWANTWADI   270
MH   KOLHAPUR   “S13   47”   CHANDGAD   271
“S13   47”   RADHANAGARI   272
“S13   47”   KAGAL   273
“S13   47”   KOLHAPUR SOUTH   274
“S13   47”   KARVIR   275
“S13   47”   KOLHAPUR NORTH   276
MH   HATKANANGLE   “S13   48”   SHAHUWADI   277
“S13   48”   HATKANANGLE   278
“S13   48”   ICHALKARANJI   279
“S13   48”   SHIROL   280
“S13   48”   ISLAMPUR   283
“S13   48”   SHIRALA   284
MN   INNER MANIPUR   “S14   1”   KHUNDRAKPAM   1
“S14   1”   HEINGANG   2
“S14   1”   KHURAI   3
“S14   1”   KSHETRIGAO   4
“S14   1”   THONGJU   5
“S14   1”   KEIRAO   6
“S14   1”   ANDRO   7
“S14   1”   LAMLAI   8
“S14   1”   THANGMEIBAND   9
“S14   1”   URIPOK   10
“S14   1”   SAGOLBAND   11
“S14   1”   KEISHAMTHONG   12
“S14   1”   SINGJAMEI   13
“S14   1”   YAISKUL   14
“S14   1”   WANGKHEI   15
“S14   1”   SEKMAI   16
“S14   1”   LAMSANG   17
“S14   1”   KONTHOUJAM   18
“S14   1”   PATSOI   19
“S14   1”   LANGTHABAL   20
“S14   1”   NAORIYA PAKHANGLAKPA   21
“S14   1”   WANGOI   22
“S14   1”   MAYANG IMPHAL   23
“S14   1”   NAMBOL   24
“S14   1”   OINAM   25
“S14   1”   BISHNUPUR   26
“S14   1”   MOIRANG   27
“S14   1”   THANGA   28
“S14   1”   KUMBI   29
“S14   1”   LILONG   30
“S14   1”   THOUBAL   31
“S14   1”   WANGKHEM   32
MN   OUTER MANIPUR   “S14   2”   HEIROK   33
“S14   2”   WANGJING TENTHA   34
“S14   2”   KHANGABOK   35
“S14   2”   WABGAI   36
“S14   2”   KAKCHING   37
“S14   2”   HIYANGLAM   38
“S14   2”   SUGNU   39
“S14   2”   JIRIBAM   40
“S14   2”   CHANDEL (ST)   41
“S14   2”   TENGNOUPAL (ST)   42
“S14   2”   PHUNGYAR (ST)   43
“S14   2”   UKHRUL (ST)   44
“S14   2”   CHINGAI (ST)   45
“S14   2”   SAIKUL (ST)   46
“S14   2”   KARONG (ST)   47
“S14   2”   MAO (ST)   48
“S14   2”   TADUBI (ST)   49
“S14   2”   KANGPOKPI (ST)   50
“S14   2”   SAITU (ST)   51
“S14   2”   TAMEI (ST)   52
“S14   2”   TAMENGLONG (ST)   53
“S14   2”   NUNGBA (ST)   54
“S14   2”   TIPAIMUKH (ST)   55
“S14   2”   THANLON (ST)   56
“S14   2”   HENGLEP (ST)   57
“S14   2”   CHURACHANDPUR (ST)   58
“S14   2”   SAIKOT (ST)   59
“S14   2”   SINGHAT (ST)   60
ML   SHILLONG   “S15   1”   NARTIANG   1
“S15   1”   JOWAI   2
“S15   1”   RALIANG   3
“S15   1”   MOWKAIAW   4
“S15   1”   SUTNGA SAIPUNG   5
“S15   1”   KHLIEHRIAT   6
“S15   1”   AMLAREM   7
“S15   1”   MAWHATI   8
“S15   1”   NONGPOH   9
“S15   1”   JIRANG   10
“S15   1”   UMSNING   11
“S15   1”   UMROI   12
“S15   1”   MAWRYNGKNENG   13
“S15   1”   PYNTHORUMKHRAH   14
“S15   1”   MAWLAI   15
“S15   1”   EAST SHILLONG   16
“S15   1”   NORTH SHILLONG   17
“S15   1”   WEST SHILLONG   18
“S15   1”   SOUTH SHILLONG   19
“S15   1”   MYLLIEM   20
“S15   1”   NONGTHYMMAI   21
“S15   1”   NONGKREM   22
“S15   1”   SOHIONG   23
“S15   1”   MAWPHLANG   24
“S15   1”   MAWSYNRAM   25
“S15   1”   SHELLA   26
“S15   1”   PYNURSLA   27
“S15   1”   SOHRA   28
“S15   1”   MAWKYNREW   29
“S15   1”   MAIRANG   30
“S15   1”   MAWTHADRAISHAN   31
“S15   1”   NONGSTOIN   32
“S15   1”   RAMBRAI JYRNGAM   33
“S15   1”   MAWSHYNRUT   34
“S15   1”   RANIKOR   35
“S15   1”   MAWKYRWAT   36
ML   TURA   “S15   2”   KHARKUTTA   37
“S15   2”   MENDIPATHAR   38
“S15   2”   RESUBELPARA   39
“S15   2”   BAJENGDOBA   40
“S15   2”   SONGSAK   41
“S15   2”   RONGJENG   42
“S15   2”   WILLIAM NAGAR   43
“S15   2”   RAKSAMGRE   44
“S15   2”   TIKRIKILA   45
“S15   2”   PHULBARI   46
“S15   2”   RAJABALA   47
“S15   2”   SELSELLA   48
“S15   2”   DADENGGRE   49
“S15   2”   NORTH TURA   50
“S15   2”   SOUTH TURA   51
“S15   2”   RANGSAKONA   52
“S15   2”   AMPATI   53
“S15   2”   MAHENDRAGANJ   54
“S15   2”   SALMANPARA   55
“S15   2”   GAMBEGRE   56
“S15   2”   DALU   57
“S15   2”   RONGARA SIJU   58
“S15   2”   CHOKPOT   59
“S15   2”   BAGHMARA   60
MZ   MIZORAM   “S16   1”   HACHHEK   1
“S16   1”   DAMPA   2
“S16   1”   MAMIT   3
“S16   1”   TUIRIAL   4
“S16   1”   KOLASIB   5
“S16   1”   SERLUI   6
“S16   1”   TUIVAWL   7
“S16   1”   CHALFILH   8
“S16   1”   TAWI   9
“S16   1”   AIZAWL NORTH – I   10
“S16   1”   AIZAWL NORTH – II   11
“S16   1”   AIZAWL NORTH-III   12
“S16   1”   AIZAWL EAST – I   13
“S16   1”   AIZAWL EAST II   14
“S16   1”   AIZAWL WEST I   15
“S16   1”   AIZAWL WEST II   16
“S16   1”   AIZAWL WEST III   17
“S16   1”   AIZAWL SOUTH I   18
“S16   1”   AIZAWL SOUTH II (AIZAWL X)   19
“S16   1”   AIZAWL SOUTH-III   20
“S16   1”   LENGTENG   21
“S16   1”   TUICHANG   22
“S16   1”   CHAMPHAI NORTH   23
“S16   1”   CHAMPHAI SOUTH   24
“S16   1”   EAST TUIPUI   25
“S16   1”   SERCHHIP   26
“S16   1”   TUIKUM   27
“S16   1”   HRANGTURZO   28
“S16   1”   SOUTH TUIPUI   29
“S16   1”   LUNGLEI NORTH   30
“S16   1”   LUNGLEI EAST   31
“S16   1”   LUNGLEI WEST   32
“S16   1”   LUNGLEI SOUTH   33
“S16   1”   THORANG   34
“S16   1”   WEST TUIPUI   35
“S16   1”   TUICHAWNG   36
“S16   1”   LAWNGTLAI WEST   37
“S16   1”   LAWNGTLAI EAST   38
“S16   1”   SAIHA   39
“S16   1”   PALAK   40
NL   NAGALAND   “S17   1”   DIMAPUR-I   1
“S17   1”   DIMAPUR-II   2
“S17   1”   DIMAPUR-III   3
“S17   1”   GHASPANI-I   4
“S17   1”   GHASPANI-II   5
“S17   1”   TENNING   6
“S17   1”   PEREN   7
“S17   1”   WESTERN ANGAMI   8
“S17   1”   KOHIMA TOWN   9
“S17   1”   NORTHERN ANGAMI-I   10
“S17   1”   NORTHERN ANGAMI-II   11
“S17   1”   TSEMINYU   12
“S17   1”   PUGHOBOTO   13
“S17   1”   SOUTHERN ANGAMI-I   14
“S17   1”   SOUTHERN ANGAMI-II   15
“S17   1”   PFUTSERO   16
“S17   1”   CHIZAMI   17
“S17   1”   CHAZOUBA   18
“S17   1”   PHEK   19
“S17   1”   MELURI   20
“S17   1”   TULI   21
“S17   1”   ARKAKONG   22
“S17   1”   IMPUR   23
“S17   1”   ANGETYONGPANG   24
“S17   1”   MONGOYA   25
“S17   1”   AONGLENDEN   26
“S17   1”   MOKOKCHUNG TOWN   27
“S17   1”   KORIDANG   28
“S17   1”   JANGPETKONG   29
“S17   1”   ALONGTAKI   30
“S17   1”   AKULUTO   31
“S17   1”   ATOIZU   32
“S17   1”   SURUHOTO   33
“S17   1”   AGHUNATO   34
“S17   1”   ZUNHEBOTO   35
“S17   1”   SATAKHA   36
“S17   1”   TYUI   37
“S17   1”   WOKHA   38
“S17   1”   SANIS   39
“S17   1”   BHANDARI   40
“S17   1”   TIZIT   41
“S17   1”   WAKCHING   42
“S17   1”   TAPI   43
“S17   1”   PHOMCHING   44
“S17   1”   TEHOK   45
“S17   1”   MON TOWN   46
“S17   1”   ABOI   47
“S17   1”   MOKA   48
“S17   1”   TAMLU   49
“S17   1”   LONGLENG   50
“S17   1”   NOKSEN   51
“S17   1”   LONGKHIM CHARE   52
“S17   1”   TUENSANG SADAR-I   53
“S17   1”   TUENSANG SADAR-II   54
“S17   1”   TOBU   55
“S17   1”   NOKLAK   56
“S17   1”   THONOKNYU   57
“S17   1”   SHAMATOR CHESSORE   58
“S17   1”   SEYOCHUNG SITIMI   59
“S17   1”   PUNGRO KIPHIRE   60
OR   BARGARH   “S18   1”   PADAMPUR   1
“S18   1”   BIJEPUR   2
“S18   1”   BARGARH   3
“S18   1”   ATTABIRA   4
“S18   1”   BHATLI   5
“S18   1”   BRAJARAJNAGAR   6
“S18   1”   JHARSUGUDA   7
OR   SUNDARGARH   “S18   2”   TALSARA   8
“S18   2”   SUNDARGARH   9
“S18   2”   BIRAMITRAPUR   10
“S18   2”   RAGHUNATHPALI   11
“S18   2”   ROURKELA   12
“S18   2”   RAJGANGAPUR   13
“S18   2”   BONAI   14
OR   SAMBALPUR   “S18   3”   KUCHINDA   15
“S18   3”   RENGALI   16
“S18   3”   SAMBALPUR   17
“S18   3”   RAIRAKHOL   18
“S18   3”   DEOGARH   19
“S18   3”   CHHENDIPADA   62
“S18   3”   ATHAMALLIK   63
OR   KEONJHAR   “S18   4”   TELKOI   20
“S18   4”   GHASIPURA   21
“S18   4”   ANANDAPUR   22
“S18   4”   PATNA   23
“S18   4”   KEONJHAR   24
“S18   4”   CHAMPUA   25
“S18   4”   KARANJIA   30
OR   MAYURBHANJ   “S18   5”   JASHIPUR   26
“S18   5”   SARASKANA   27
“S18   5”   RAIRANGPUR   28
“S18   5”   BANGRIPOSI   29
“S18   5”   UDALA   31
“S18   5”   BARIPADA   33
“S18   5”   MORADA   34
OR   BALASORE   “S18   6”   BADASAHI   32
“S18   6”   JALESWAR   35
“S18   6”   BHOGRAI   36
“S18   6”   BASTA   37
“S18   6”   BALASORE   38
“S18   6”   REMUNA   39
“S18   6”   NILGIRI   40
OR   BHADRAK   “S18   7”   SORO   41
“S18   7”   SIMULIA   42
“S18   7”   BHANDARIPOKHARI   43
“S18   7”   BHADRAK   44
“S18   7”   BASUDEVPUR   45
“S18   7”   DHAMNAGAR   46
“S18   7”   CHANDABALI   47
OR   JAJPUR   “S18   8”   BINJHARPUR   48
“S18   8”   BARI   49
“S18   8”   BARCHANA   50
“S18   8”   DHARMASALA   51
“S18   8”   JAJPUR   52
“S18   8”   KOREI   53
“S18   8”   SUKINDA   54
OR   DHENKANAL   “S18   9”   DHENKANAL   55
“S18   9”   HINDOL   56
“S18   9”   KAMAKHYANAGAR   57
“S18   9”   PARJANGA   58
“S18   9”   PALLAHARA   59
“S18   9”   TALCHER   60
“S18   9”   ANGUL   61
OR   BOLANGIR   “S18   10”   BIRMAHARAJPUR   64
“S18   10”   SONEPUR   65
“S18   10”   LOISINGHA   66
“S18   10”   PATNAGARH   67
“S18   10”   BOLANGIR   68
“S18   10”   TITLAGARH   69
“S18   10”   KANTABANJI   70
OR   KALAHANDI   “S18   11”   NUAPADA   71
“S18   11”   KHARIAR   72
“S18   11”   LANJIGARH   77
“S18   11”   JUNAGARH   78
“S18   11”   DHARMGARH   79
“S18   11”   BHAWANIPATNA   80
“S18   11”   NARLA   81
OR   NABARANGPUR   “S18   12”   UMARKOTE   73
“S18   12”   JHARIGAM   74
“S18   12”   NABARANGPUR   75
“S18   12”   DABUGAM   76
“S18   12”   KOTPAD   142
“S18   12”   MALKANGIRI   146
“S18   12”   CHITRAKONDA   147
OR   KANDHAMAL   “S18   13”   BALIGUDA   82
“S18   13”   G. UDAYAGIRI   83
“S18   13”   PHULBANI   84
“S18   13”   KANTAMAL   85
“S18   13”   BOUDH   86
“S18   13”   DASPALLA   121
“S18   13”   BHANJANAGAR   123
OR   CUTTACK   “S18   14”   BARAMBA   87
“S18   14”   BANKI   88
“S18   14”   ATHAGARH   89
“S18   14”   BARABATI-CUTTACK   90
“S18   14”   CHOUDWAR-CUTTACK   91
“S18   14”   CUTTACK SADAR   93
“S18   14”   KHANDAPADA   120
OR   KENDRAPARA   “S18   15”   SALIPUR   94
“S18   15”   MAHANGA   95
“S18   15”   PATKURA   96
“S18   15”   KENDRAPARA   97
“S18   15”   AUL   98
“S18   15”   RAJANAGAR   99
“S18   15”   MAHAKALAPADA   100
OR   JAGATSINGHPUR   “S18   16”   NIALI   92
“S18   16”   PARADEEP   101
“S18   16”   TIRTOL   102
“S18   16”   BALIKUDA-ERSAMA   103
“S18   16”   JAGATSINGHPUR   104
“S18   16”   KAKATPUR   105
“S18   16”   NIMAPARA   106
OR   PURI   “S18   17”   PURI   107
“S18   17”   BRAMHAGIRI   108
“S18   17”   SATYABADI   109
“S18   17”   PIPILI   110
“S18   17”   CHILIKA   118
“S18   17”   RANPUR   119
“S18   17”   NAYAGARH   122
OR   BHUBANESWAR   “S18   18”   JAYADEV   111
“S18   18”   BHUBANESWAR CENTRAL (MADHYA)   112
“S18   18”   BHUBANESWAR NORTH (UTTAR)   113
“S18   18”   EKAMRA-BHUBANESWAR   114
“S18   18”   JATANI   115
“S18   18”   BEGUNIA   116
“S18   18”   KHURDA   117
OR   ASKA   “S18   19”   POLASARA   124
“S18   19”   KABISURYANGAR   125
“S18   19”   KHALIKOTE   126
“S18   19”   ASKA   128
“S18   19”   SURADA   129
“S18   19”   SANAKHEMUNDI   130
“S18   19”   HINJILI   131
OR   BERHAMPUR   “S18   20”   CHHATRAPUR   127
“S18   20”   GOPALPUR   132
“S18   20”   BERHAMPUR   133
“S18   20”   DIGAPAHANDI   134
“S18   20”   CHIKITI   135
“S18   20”   MOHANA   136
“S18   20”   PARALAKHEMUNDI   137
OR   KORAPUT   “S18   21”   GUNUPUR   138
“S18   21”   BISSAM CUTTACK   139
“S18   21”   RAYAGADA   140
“S18   21”   LAXMIPUR   141
“S18   21”   JEYPORE   143
“S18   21”   KORAPUT   144
“S18   21”   POTTANGI   145
PB   GURDASPUR   “S19   1”   SUJANPUR   1
“S19   1”   BHOA   2
“S19   1”   GURDASPUR   4
“S19   1”   DINA NAGAR   5
“S19   1”   QADIAN   6
“S19   1”   BATALA   7
“S19   1”   FATEHGARH CHURIAN   9
“S19   1”   DERA BABA NANAK   10
PB   AMRITSAR   “S19   2”   AJNALA   11
“S19   2”   RAJA SANSI   12
“S19   2”   MAJITHA   13
“S19   2”   AMRITSAR NORTH   15
“S19   2”   AMRITSAR WEST   16
“S19   2”   AMRITSAR CENTRAL   17
“S19   2”   AMRITSAR EAST   18
“S19   2”   AMRITSAR SOUTH   19
“S19   2”   ATTARI   20
PB   KHADOOR SAHIB   “S19   3”   JANDIALA   14
“S19   3”   TARN TARAN   21
“S19   3”   KHEM KARAN   22
“S19   3”   PATTI   23
“S19   3”   KHADOOR SAHIB   24
“S19   3”   BABA BAKALA   25
“S19   3”   KAPURTHALA   27
“S19   3”   SULTANPUR LODHI   28
“S19   3”   ZIRA   75
PB   JALANDHAR   “S19   4”   TALWARA   3
“S19   4”   PHILLAUR   30
“S19   4”   NAKODAR   31
“S19   4”   SHAHKOT   32
“S19   4”   KARTARPUR   33
“S19   4”   JALANDHAR WEST   34
“S19   4”   JALANDHAR CENTRAL   35
“S19   4”   JALANDHAR NORTH   36
“S19   4”   JALANDHAR CANTT.   37
“S19   4”   ADAMPUR   38
PB   HOSHIARPUR   “S19   5”   SRI HARGOBINDPUR   8
“S19   5”   BHOLATH   26
“S19   5”   PHAGWARA   29
“S19   5”   MUKERIAN   39
“S19   5”   DASUYA   40
“S19   5”   URMAR   41
“S19   5”   SHAM CHAURASI   42
“S19   5”   HOSHIARPUR   43
“S19   5”   CHABBEWAL   44
PB   ANANDPUR SAHIB   “S19   6”   GARHSHANKAR   45
“S19   6”   BANGA   46
“S19   6”   NAWAN SHAHR   47
“S19   6”   BALACHAUR   48
“S19   6”   ANANDPUR SAHIB   49
“S19   6”   RUPNAGAR   50
“S19   6”   CHAMKAUR SAHIB   51
“S19   6”   KHARAR   52
“S19   6”   S.A.S.NAGAR   53
PB   LUDHIANA   “S19   7”   LUDHIANA EAST   60
“S19   7”   LUDHIANA SOUTH   61
“S19   7”   ATAM NAGAR   62
“S19   7”   LUDHIANA CENTRAL   63
“S19   7”   LUDHIANA WEST   64
“S19   7”   LUDHIANA NORTH   65
“S19   7”   GILL   66
“S19   7”   DAKHA   68
“S19   7”   JAGRAON   70
PB   FATEHGARH SAHIB   “S19   8”   BASSI PATHANA   54
“S19   8”   FATEHGARH SAHIB   55
“S19   8”   AMLOH   56
“S19   8”   KHANNA   57
“S19   8”   SAMRALA   58
“S19   8”   SAHNEWAL   59
“S19   8”   PAYAL   67
“S19   8”   RAIKOT   69
“S19   8”   AMARGARH   106
PB   FARIDKOT   “S19   9”   NIHAL SINGHWALA   71
“S19   9”   BHAGHA PURANA   72
“S19   9”   MOGA   73
“S19   9”   DHARAMKOT   74
“S19   9”   GIDDERBAHA   84
“S19   9”   FARIDKOT   87
“S19   9”   KOTKAPURA   88
“S19   9”   JAITU   89
“S19   9”   RAMPURA PHUL   90
PB   FEROZPUR   “S19   10”   FIROZPUR CITY   76
“S19   10”   FIROZPUR RURAL   77
“S19   10”   GURU HAR SAHAI   78
“S19   10”   JALALABAD   79
“S19   10”   FAZILKA   80
“S19   10”   ABOHAR   81
“S19   10”   BALLUANA   82
“S19   10”   MALOUT   85
“S19   10”   MUKTSAR   86
PB   BATHINDA   “S19   11”   LAMBI   83
“S19   11”   BHUCHO MANDI   91
“S19   11”   BATHINDA URBAN   92
“S19   11”   BATHINDA RURAL   93
“S19   11”   TALWANDI SABO   94
“S19   11”   MAUR   95
“S19   11”   MANSA   96
“S19   11”   SARDULGARH   97
“S19   11”   BUDHLADA   98
PB   SANGRUR   “S19   12”   LEHRA   99
“S19   12”   DIRBA   100
“S19   12”   SUNAM   101
“S19   12”   BHADAUR   102
“S19   12”   BARNALA   103
“S19   12”   MEHAL KALAN   104
“S19   12”   MALERKOTLA   105
“S19   12”   DHURI   107
“S19   12”   SANGRUR   108
PB   PATIALA   “S19   13”   NABHA   109
“S19   13”   PATIALA RURAL   110
“S19   13”   RAJPURA   111
“S19   13”   DERA BASSI   112
“S19   13”   GHANAUR   113
“S19   13”   SANOUR   114
“S19   13”   PATIALA   115
“S19   13”   SAMANA   116
“S19   13”   SHUTRANA   117
RJ   GANGANAGAR   “S20   1”   SADULSHAHAR   1
“S20   1”   GANGANAGAR   2
“S20   1”   KARANPUR   3
“S20   1”   SURATGARH   4
“S20   1”   RAISINGH NAGAR   5
“S20   1”   SANGARIA   7
“S20   1”   HANUMANGARH   8
“S20   1”   PILIBANGA   9
RJ   BIKANER   “S20   2”   ANUPGARH   6
“S20   2”   KHAJUWALA   12
“S20   2”   BIKANER WEST   13
“S20   2”   BIKANER EAST   14
“S20   2”   KOLAYAT   15
“S20   2”   LUNKARANSAR   16
“S20   2”   DUNGARGARH   17
“S20   2”   NOKHA   18
RJ   CHURU   “S20   3”   NOHAR   10
“S20   3”   BHADRA   11
“S20   3”   SADULPUR   19
“S20   3”   TARANAGAR   20
“S20   3”   SARDARSHAHAR   21
“S20   3”   CHURU   22
“S20   3”   RATANGARH   23
“S20   3”   SUJANGARH   24
RJ   JHUNJHUNU   “S20   4”   PILANI   25
“S20   4”   SURAJGARH   26
“S20   4”   JHUNJHUNU   27
“S20   4”   MANDAWA   28
“S20   4”   NAWALGARH   29
“S20   4”   UDAIPURWATI   30
“S20   4”   KHETRI   31
“S20   4”   FATEHPUR   32
RJ   SIKAR   “S20   5”   LACHHMANGARH   33
“S20   5”   DHOD   34
“S20   5”   SIKAR   35
“S20   5”   DANTA RAMGARH   36
“S20   5”   KHANDELA   37
“S20   5”   NEEM KA THANA   38
“S20   5”   SRIMADHOPUR   39
“S20   5”   CHOMU   43
RJ   JAIPUR RURAL   “S20   6”   KOTPUTLI   40
“S20   6”   VIRATNAGAR   41
“S20   6”   SHAHPURA   42
“S20   6”   PHULERA   44
“S20   6”   JHOTWARA   46
“S20   6”   AMBER   47
“S20   6”   JAMWA RAMGARH   48
“S20   6”   BANSUR   63
RJ   JAIPUR   “S20   7”   HAWA MAHAL   49
“S20   7”   VIDHYADHAR NAGAR   50
“S20   7”   CIVIL LINES   51
“S20   7”   KISHAN POLE   52
“S20   7”   ADARSH NAGAR   53
“S20   7”   MALVIYA NAGAR   54
“S20   7”   SANGANER   55
“S20   7”   BAGRU   56
RJ   ALWAR   “S20   8”   TIJARA   59
“S20   8”   KISHANGARH BAS   60
“S20   8”   MUNDAWAR   61
“S20   8”   BEHROR   62
“S20   8”   ALWAR RURAL   65
“S20   8”   ALWAR URBAN   66
“S20   8”   RAMGARH   67
“S20   8”   RAJGARH LAXMANGARH   68
RJ   BHARATPUR   “S20   9”   KATHUMAR   69
“S20   9”   KAMAN   70
“S20   9”   NAGAR   71
“S20   9”   DEEG-KUMHER   72
“S20   9”   BHARATPUR   73
“S20   9”   NADBAI   74
“S20   9”   WEIR   75
“S20   9”   BAYANA   76
RJ   KARAULI-DHOLPUR   “S20   10”   BASERI   77
“S20   10”   BARI   78
“S20   10”   DHOLPUR   79
“S20   10”   RAJAKHERA   80
“S20   10”   TODABHIM   81
“S20   10”   HINDAUN   82
“S20   10”   KARAULI   83
“S20   10”   SAPOTRA   84
RJ   DAUSA   “S20   11”   BASSI   57
“S20   11”   CHAKSU   58
“S20   11”   THANAGAZI   64
“S20   11”   BANDIKUI   85
“S20   11”   MAHUWA   86
“S20   11”   SIKRAI   87
“S20   11”   DAUSA   88
“S20   11”   LALSOT   89
RJ   TONK-SAWAI MADHOPUR   “S20   12”   GANGAPUR   90
“S20   12”   BAMANWAS   91
“S20   12”   SAWAI MADHOPUR   92
“S20   12”   KHANDAR   93
“S20   12”   MALPURA   94
“S20   12”   NIWAI   95
“S20   12”   TONK   96
“S20   12”   DEOLI – UNIARA   97
RJ   AJMER   “S20   13”   DUDU   45
“S20   13”   KISHANGARH   98
“S20   13”   PUSHKAR   99
“S20   13”   AJMER NORTH   100
“S20   13”   AJMER SOUTH   101
“S20   13”   NASIRABAD   102
“S20   13”   MASUDA   104
“S20   13”   KEKRI   105
RJ   NAGAUR   “S20   14”   LADNUN   106
“S20   14”   DEEDWANA   107
“S20   14”   JAYAL   108
“S20   14”   NAGAUR   109
“S20   14”   KHINWSAR   110
“S20   14”   MAKRANA   113
“S20   14”   PARBATSAR   114
“S20   14”   NAWAN   115
RJ   PALI   “S20   15”   SOJAT   117
“S20   15”   PALI   118
“S20   15”   MARWAR JUNCTION   119
“S20   15”   BALI   120
“S20   15”   SUMERPUR   121
“S20   15”   OSIAN   125
“S20   15”   BHOPALGARH   126
“S20   15”   BILARA   131
RJ   JODHPUR   “S20   16”   PHALODI   122
“S20   16”   LOHAWAT   123
“S20   16”   SHERGARH   124
“S20   16”   SARDARPURA   127
“S20   16”   JODHPUR   128
“S20   16”   SOORSAGAR   129
“S20   16”   LUNI   130
“S20   16”   POKARAN   133
RJ   BARMER   “S20   17”   JAISALMER   132
“S20   17”   SHEO   134
“S20   17”   BARMER   135
“S20   17”   BAYTOO   136
“S20   17”   PACHPADRA   137
“S20   17”   SIWANA   138
“S20   17”   GUDHAMALANI   139
“S20   17”   CHOHTAN   140
RJ   JALORE   “S20   18”   AHORE   141
“S20   18”   JALORE   142
“S20   18”   BHINMAL   143
“S20   18”   SANCHORE   144
“S20   18”   RANIWARA   145
“S20   18”   SIROHI   146
“S20   18”   PINDWARA ABU   147
“S20   18”   REODAR   148
RJ   UDAIPUR   “S20   19”   GOGUNDA   149
“S20   19”   JHADOL   150
“S20   19”   KHERWARA   151
“S20   19”   UDAIPUR RURAL   152
“S20   19”   UDAIPUR   153
“S20   19”   SALUMBER   156
“S20   19”   DHARIAWAD   157
“S20   19”   ASPUR   159
RJ   BANSWARA   “S20   20”   DUNGARPUR   158
“S20   20”   SAGWARA   160
“S20   20”   CHORASI   161
“S20   20”   GHATOL   162
“S20   20”   GARHI   163
“S20   20”   BANSWARA   164
“S20   20”   BAGIDORA   165
“S20   20”   KUSHALGARH   166
RJ   CHITTORGARH   “S20   21”   MAVLI   154
“S20   21”   VALLABH NAGAR   155
“S20   21”   KAPASAN   167
“S20   21”   BEGUN   168
“S20   21”   CHITTORGARH   169
“S20   21”   NIMBAHERA   170
“S20   21”   BARI SADRI   171
“S20   21”   PRATAPGARH   172
RJ   RAJSAMAND   “S20   22”   BEAWAR   103
“S20   22”   MERTA   111
“S20   22”   DEGANA   112
“S20   22”   JAITARAN   116
“S20   22”   BHIM   173
“S20   22”   KUMBHALGARH   174
“S20   22”   RAJSAMAND   175
“S20   22”   NATHDWARA   176
RJ   BHILWARA   “S20   23”   ASIND   177
“S20   23”   MANDAL   178
“S20   23”   SAHARA   179
“S20   23”   BHILWARA   180
“S20   23”   SHAHPURA   181
“S20   23”   JAHAZPUR   182
“S20   23”   MANDALGARH   183
“S20   23”   HINDOLI   184
RJ   KOTA   “S20   24”   KESHORAIPATAN   185
“S20   24”   BUNDI   186
“S20   24”   PIPALDA   187
“S20   24”   SANGOD   188
“S20   24”   KOTA NORTH   189
“S20   24”   KOTA SOUTH   190
“S20   24”   LADPURA   191
“S20   24”   RAMGANJ MANDI   192
RJ   JHALAWAR-BARAN   “S20   25”   ANTA   193
“S20   25”   KISHANGANJ   194
“S20   25”   BARAN-ATRU   195
“S20   25”   CHHABRA   196
“S20   25”   DAG   197
“S20   25”   JHALRAPATAN   198
“S20   25”   KHANPUR   199
“S20   25”   MANOHAR THANA   200
SK   SIKKIM   “S21   1”   YOKSAM-TASHIDING   1
“S21   1”   YANGTHANG   2
“S21   1”   MANEYBUNG-DENTAM   3
“S21   1”   GYALSHING-BARNYAK   4
“S21   1”   RINCHENPONG   5
“S21   1”   DARAMDIN   6
“S21   1”   SOREONG-CHAKUNG   7
“S21   1”   SALGHARI-ZOOM   8
“S21   1”   BARFUNG   9
“S21   1”   POKLOK-KAMRANG   10
“S21   1”   NAMCHI-SINGHITHANG   11
“S21   1”   MELLI   12
“S21   1”   NAMTHANG-RATEYPANI   13
“S21   1”   TEMI-NAMPHING   14
“S21   1”   RANGANG-YANGANG   15
“S21   1”   TUMEN-LINGI   16
“S21   1”   KHAMDONG-SINGTAM   17
“S21   1”   WEST PENDAM   18
“S21   1”   RHENOCK   19
“S21   1”   CHUJACHEN   20
“S21   1”   GNATHANG-MACHONG   21
“S21   1”   NAMCHEYBUNG   22
“S21   1”   SHYARI   23
“S21   1”   MARTAM-RUMTEK   24
“S21   1”   UPPER TADONG   25
“S21   1”   ARITHANG   26
“S21   1”   GANGTOK   27
“S21   1”   UPPER BURTUK   28
“S21   1”   KABI LUNGCHUK   29
“S21   1”   DJONGU   30
“S21   1”   LACHEN MANGAN   31
“S21   1”   SANGHA   32
TN   THIRUVALLUR   “S22   1”   GUMMIDIPOONDI   1
“S22   1”   PONNERI   2
“S22   1”   THIRUVALLUR   4
“S22   1”   POONAMALLEE   5
“S22   1”   AVADI   6
“S22   1”   MADAVARAM   9
TN   CHENNAI NORTH   “S22   2”   TIRUVOTTIYUR   10
“S22   2”   DR.RADHAKRISHNAN NAGAR   11
“S22   2”   PERAMBUR   12
“S22   2”   KOLATHUR   13
“S22   2”   THIRU -VI -KA -NAGAR   15
“S22   2”   ROYAPURAM   17
TN   CHENNAI SOUTH   “S22   3”   VIRUGAMPAKKAM   22
“S22   3”   SAIDAPET   23
“S22   3”   THIYAGARAYANAGAR   24
“S22   3”   MYLAPORE   25
“S22   3”   VELACHERY   26
“S22   3”   SHOLINGANALLUR   27
TN   CHENNAI CENTRAL   “S22   4”   VILLIVAKKAM   14
“S22   4”   EGMORE   16
“S22   4”   HARBOUR   18
“S22   4”   CHEPAUK-THIRUVALLIKENI   19
“S22   4”   THOUSAND LIGHTS   20
“S22   4”   ANNA NAGAR   21
TN   SRIPERUMBUDUR   “S22   5”   MADURAVOYAL   7
“S22   5”   AMBATTUR   8
“S22   5”   ALANDUR   28
“S22   5”   SRIPERUMBUDUR   29
“S22   5”   PALLAVARAM   30
“S22   5”   TAMBARAM   31
TN   KANCHEEPURAM   “S22   6”   CHENGALPATTU   32
“S22   6”   THIRUPORUR   33
“S22   6”   CHEYYUR   34
“S22   6”   MADURANTAKAM   35
“S22   6”   UTHIRAMERUR   36
“S22   6”   KANCHEEPURAM   37
TN   ARAKKONAM   “S22   7”   TIRUTTANI   3
“S22   7”   ARAKKONAM   38
“S22   7”   SHOLINGUR   39
“S22   7”   KATPADI   40
“S22   7”   RANIPET   41
“S22   7”   ARCOT   42
TN   VELLORE   “S22   8”   VELLORE   43
“S22   8”   ANAIKATTU   44
“S22   8”   KILVAITHINANKUPPAM   45
“S22   8”   GUDIYATTAM   46
“S22   8”   VANIYAMBADI   47
“S22   8”   AMBUR   48
TN   KRISHNAGIRI   “S22   9”   UTHANGARAI   51
“S22   9”   BARGUR   52
“S22   9”   KRISHNAGIRI   53
“S22   9”   VEPPANAHALLI   54
“S22   9”   HOSUR   55
“S22   9”   THALLI   56
TN   DHARMAPURI   “S22   10”   PALACODU   57
“S22   10”   PENNAGARAM   58
“S22   10”   DHARMAPURI   59
“S22   10”   PAPPIREDDIPPATTI   60
“S22   10”   HARUR   61
“S22   10”   METTUR   85
TN   TIRUVANNAMALAI   “S22   11”   JOLARPET   49
“S22   11”   TIRUPPATTUR   50
“S22   11”   CHENGAM   62
“S22   11”   TIRUVANNAMALAI   63
“S22   11”   KILPENNATHUR   64
“S22   11”   KALASAPAKKAM   65
TN   ARANI   “S22   12”   POLUR   66
“S22   12”   ARANI   67
“S22   12”   CHEYYAR   68
“S22   12”   VANDAVASI   69
“S22   12”   GINGEE   70
“S22   12”   MAILAM   71
TN   VILUPPURAM   “S22   13”   TINDIVANAM   72
“S22   13”   VANUR   73
“S22   13”   VILUPPURAM   74
“S22   13”   VIKRAVANDI   75
“S22   13”   THIRUKOILUR   76
“S22   13”   ULUNDURPETTAI   77
TN   KALLAKURICHI   “S22   14”   RISHIVANDIYAM   78
“S22   14”   SANKARAPURAM   79
“S22   14”   KALLAKURICHI   80
“S22   14”   GANGAVALLI   81
“S22   14”   ATTUR   82
“S22   14”   YERCAUD   83
TN   SALEM   “S22   15”   OMALUR   84
“S22   15”   EDAPPADI   86
“S22   15”   SALEM (WEST)   88
“S22   15”   SALEM (NORTH)   89
“S22   15”   SALEM (SOUTH)   90
“S22   15”   VEERAPANDI   91
TN   NAMAKKAL   “S22   16”   SANKARI   87
“S22   16”   RASIPURAM   92
“S22   16”   SENTHAMANGALAM   93
“S22   16”   NAMAKKAL   94
“S22   16”   PARAMATHI-VELUR   95
“S22   16”   TIRUCHENGODU   96
TN   ERODE   “S22   17”   KUMARAPALAYAM   97
“S22   17”   ERODE (EAST)   98
“S22   17”   ERODE (WEST)   99
“S22   17”   MODAKURICHI   100
“S22   17”   DHARAPURAM   101
“S22   17”   KANGAYAM   102
TN   TIRUPPUR   “S22   18”   PERUNDURAI   103
“S22   18”   BHAVANI   104
“S22   18”   ANTHIYUR   105
“S22   18”   GOBICHETTIPALAYAM   106
“S22   18”   TIRUPPUR (NORTH)   113
“S22   18”   TIRUPPUR (SOUTH)   114
TN   NILGIRIS   “S22   19”   BHAVANISAGAR   107
“S22   19”   UDHAGAMANDALAM   108
“S22   19”   GUDALUR   109
“S22   19”   COONOOR   110
“S22   19”   METTUPPALAYAM   111
“S22   19”   AVANASHI   112
TN   COIMBATORE   “S22   20”   PALLADAM   115
“S22   20”   SULUR   116
“S22   20”   KAVUNDAMPALAYAM   117
“S22   20”   COIMBATORE (NORTH)   118
“S22   20”   COIMBATORE (SOUTH)   120
“S22   20”   SINGANALLUR   121
TN   POLLACHI   “S22   21”   THONDAMUTHUR   119
“S22   21”   KINATHUKADAVU   122
“S22   21”   POLLACHI   123
“S22   21”   VALPARAI   124
“S22   21”   UDUMALAIPETTAI   125
“S22   21”   MADATHUKULAM   126
TN   DINDIGUL   “S22   22”   PALANI   127
“S22   22”   ODDANCHATRAM   128
“S22   22”   ATHOOR   129
“S22   22”   NILAKKOTTAI   130
“S22   22”   NATHAM   131
“S22   22”   DINDIGUL   132
TN   KARUR   “S22   23”   VEDASANDUR   133
“S22   23”   ARAVAKURICHI   134
“S22   23”   KARUR   135
“S22   23”   KRISHNARAYAPURAM   136
“S22   23”   MANAPPARAI   138
“S22   23”   VIRALIMALAI   179
TN   TIRUCHIRAPPALLI   “S22   24”   SRIRANGAM   139
“S22   24”   TIRUCHIRAPPALLI (WEST)   140
“S22   24”   TIRUCHIRAPPALLI (EAST)   141
“S22   24”   THIRUVERUMBUR   142
“S22   24”   GANDARVAKOTTAI   178
“S22   24”   PUDUKKOTTAI   180
TN   PERAMBALUR   “S22   25”   KULITHALAI   137
“S22   25”   LALGUDI   143
“S22   25”   MANACHANALLUR   144
“S22   25”   MUSIRI   145
“S22   25”   THURAIYUR   146
“S22   25”   PERAMBALUR   147
TN   CUDDALORE   “S22   26”   TITTAKUDI   151
“S22   26”   VRIDDHACHALAM   152
“S22   26”   NEYVELI   153
“S22   26”   PANRUTI   154
“S22   26”   CUDDALORE   155
“S22   26”   KURINJIPADI   156
TN   CHIDAMBARAM   “S22   27”   KUNNAM   148
“S22   27”   ARIYALUR   149
“S22   27”   JAYANKONDAM   150
“S22   27”   BHUVANAGIRI   157
“S22   27”   CHIDAMBARAM   158
“S22   27”   KATTUMANNARKOIL   159
TN   MAYILADUTHURAI   “S22   28”   SIRKAZHI   160
“S22   28”   MAYILADUTHURAI   161
“S22   28”   POOMPUHAR   162
“S22   28”   THIRUVIDAIMARUDUR   170
“S22   28”   KUMBAKONAM   171
“S22   28”   PAPANASAM   172
TN   NAGAPATTINAM   “S22   29”   NAGAPATTINAM   163
“S22   29”   KILVELUR   164
“S22   29”   VEDARANYAM   165
“S22   29”   THIRUTHURAIPOONDI   166
“S22   29”   THIRUVARUR   168
“S22   29”   NANNILAM   169
TN   THANJAVUR   “S22   30”   MANNARGUDI   167
“S22   30”   THIRUVAIYARU   173
“S22   30”   THANJAVUR   174
“S22   30”   ORATTANADU   175
“S22   30”   PATTUKKOTTAI   176
“S22   30”   PERAVURANI   177
TN   SIVAGANGA   “S22   31”   THIRUMAYAM   181
“S22   31”   ALANGUDI   182
“S22   31”   KARAIKUDI   184
“S22   31”   TIRUPPATTUR   185
“S22   31”   SIVAGANGA   186
“S22   31”   MANAMADURAI   187
TN   MADURAI   “S22   32”   MELUR   188
“S22   32”   MADURAI EAST   189
“S22   32”   MADURAI NORTH   191
“S22   32”   MADURAI SOUTH   192
“S22   32”   MADURAI CENTRAL   193
“S22   32”   MADURAI WEST   194
TN   THENI   “S22   33”   SHOLAVANDAN   190
“S22   33”   USILAMPATTI   197
“S22   33”   ANDIPATTI   198
“S22   33”   PERIYAKULAM   199
“S22   33”   BODINAYACKANUR   200
“S22   33”   CUMBUM   201
TN   VIRUDHUNAGAR   “S22   34”   THIRUPARANKUNDRAM   195
“S22   34”   THIRUMANGALAM   196
“S22   34”   SATTUR   204
“S22   34”   SIVAKASI   205
“S22   34”   VIRUDHUNAGAR   206
“S22   34”   ARUPPUKKOTTAI   207
TN   RAMANATHAPURAM   “S22   35”   ARANTHANGI   183
“S22   35”   TIRUCHULI   208
“S22   35”   PARAMAKUDI   209
“S22   35”   TIRUVADANAI   210
“S22   35”   RAMANATHAPURAM   211
“S22   35”   MUDHUKULATHUR   212
TN   THOOTHUKKUDI   “S22   36”   VILATHIKULAM   213
“S22   36”   THOOTHUKKUDI   214
“S22   36”   TIRUCHENDUR   215
“S22   36”   SRIVAIKUNTAM   216
“S22   36”   OTTAPIDARAM   217
“S22   36”   KOVILPATTI   218
TN   TENKASI   “S22   37”   RAJAPALAYAM   202
“S22   37”   SRIVILLIPUTHUR   203
“S22   37”   SANKARANKOVIL   219
“S22   37”   VASUDEVANALLUR   220
“S22   37”   KADAYANALLUR   221
“S22   37”   TENKASI   222
TN   TIRUNELVELI   “S22   38”   ALANGULAM   223
“S22   38”   TIRUNELVELI   224
“S22   38”   AMBASAMUDRAM   225
“S22   38”   PALAYAMKOTTAI   226
“S22   38”   NANGUNERI   227
“S22   38”   RADHAPURAM   228
TN   KANNIYAKUMARI   “S22   39”   KANNIYAKUMARI   229
“S22   39”   NAGERCOIL   230
“S22   39”   COLACHEL   231
“S22   39”   PADMANABHAPURAM   232
“S22   39”   VILAVANCODE   233
“S22   39”   KILLIYOOR   234
TR   TRIPURA WEST   “S23   1”   SIMNA   1
“S23   1”   MOHANPUR   2
“S23   1”   BAMUTIA   3
“S23   1”   BARJALA   4
“S23   1”   KHAYERPUR   5
“S23   1”   AGARTALA   6
“S23   1”   RAMNAGAR   7
“S23   1”   TOWN BORDOWALI   8
“S23   1”   BANAMALIPUR   9
“S23   1”   MAJLISHPUR   10
“S23   1”   MANDAIBAZAR   11
“S23   1”   TAKARJALA   12
“S23   1”   PRATAPGARH   13
“S23   1”   BADHARGHAT   14
“S23   1”   KAMALASAGAR   15
“S23   1”   BISHALGARH   16
“S23   1”   GOLAGHATI   17
“S23   1”   SURYAMANINAGAR   18
“S23   1”   CHARILAM   19
“S23   1”   BOXANAGAR   20
“S23   1”   NALCHAR   21
“S23   1”   SONAMURA   22
“S23   1”   DHANPUR   23
“S23   1”   BAGMA   30
“S23   1”   RADHAKISHOREPUR   31
“S23   1”   MATARBARI   32
“S23   1”   KAKRABAN-SALGARH   33
“S23   1”   RAJNAGAR   34
“S23   1”   BELONIA   35
“S23   1”   SANTIRBAZAR   36
TR   TRIPURA EAST   “S23   2”   RAMCHANDRAGHAT   24
“S23   2”   KHOWAI   25
“S23   2”   ASHARAMBARI   26
“S23   2”   KALYANPUR-PRAMODENAGAR   27
“S23   2”   TELIAMURA   28
“S23   2”   KRISHNAPUR   29
“S23   2”   HRISHYAMUKH   37
“S23   2”   JOLAIBARI   38
“S23   2”   MANU   39
“S23   2”   SABROOM   40
“S23   2”   AMPINAGAR   41
“S23   2”   AMARPUR   42
“S23   2”   KARBOOK   43
“S23   2”   RAIMA VALLEY   44
“S23   2”   KAMALPUR   45
“S23   2”   SURMA   46
“S23   2”   AMBASSA   47
“S23   2”   KARMACHHARA   48
“S23   2”   CHAWAMANU   49
“S23   2”   PABIACHHARA   50
“S23   2”   FATIKROY   51
“S23   2”   CHANDIPUR   52
“S23   2”   KAILASHAHAR   53
“S23   2”   KADAMTALA-KURTI   54
“S23   2”   BAGBASSA   55
“S23   2”   DHARMANAGAR   56
“S23   2”   JUBARAJNAGAR   57
“S23   2”   PANISAGAR   58
“S23   2”   PENCHARTHAL   59
“S23   2”   KANCHANPUR   60
UP   SAHARANPUR   “S24   1”   BEHAT   1
“S24   1”   SAHARANPUR NAGAR   3
“S24   1”   SAHARANPUR   4
“S24   1”   DEOBAND   5
“S24   1”   RAMPUR MANIHARAN   6
UP   KAIRANA   “S24   2”   NAKUR   2
“S24   2”   GANGOH   7
“S24   2”   KAIRANA   8
“S24   2”   THANA BHAWAN   9
“S24   2”   SHAMLI   10
UP   MUZAFFARNAGAR   “S24   3”   BUDHANA   11
“S24   3”   CHARTHAWAL   12
“S24   3”   MUZAFFAR NAGAR   14
“S24   3”   KHATAULI   15
“S24   3”   SARDHANA   44
UP   BIJNOR   “S24   4”   PURQAZI   13
“S24   4”   MEERAPUR   16
“S24   4”   BIJNOR   22
“S24   4”   CHANDPUR   23
“S24   4”   HASTINAPUR   45
UP   NAGINA   “S24   5”   NAJIBABAD   17
“S24   5”   NAGINA   18
“S24   5”   DHAMPUR   20
“S24   5”   NEHTAUR   21
“S24   5”   NOORPUR   24
UP   MORADABAD   “S24   6”   BARHAPUR   19
“S24   6”   KANTH   25
“S24   6”   THKURDWARA   26
“S24   6”   MORADABAD RURAL   27
“S24   6”   MORADABAD NAGAR   28
UP   RAMPUR   “S24   7”   SUAR   34
“S24   7”   CHAMRAUA   35
“S24   7”   BILASPUR   36
“S24   7”   RAMPUR   37
“S24   7”   MILAK   38
UP   SAMBHAL   “S24   8”   KUNDARKI   29
“S24   8”   BILARI   30
“S24   8”   CHANDAUSI   31
“S24   8”   ASMOLI   32
“S24   8”   SAMBHAL   33
UP   AMROHA   “S24   9”   DHANAURA   39
“S24   9”   NAUGAWAN SADAT   40
“S24   9”   AMROHA   41
“S24   9”   HASANPUR   42
“S24   9”   GARHMUKTESHWAR   60
UP   MEERUT   “S24   10”   KITHORE   46
“S24   10”   MEERUT CANTT.   47
“S24   10”   MEERUT   48
“S24   10”   MEERUT SOUTH   49
“S24   10”   HAPUR   59
UP   BAGHPAT   “S24   11”   SIWAL KHAS   43
“S24   11”   CHHAPRAULI   50
“S24   11”   BARAUT   51
“S24   11”   BAGHPAT   52
“S24   11”   MONI NAGAR   57
UP   GHAZIABAD   “S24   12”   LONI   53
“S24   12”   MURADNAGAR   54
“S24   12”   SAHIBABAD   55
“S24   12”   GAZIABAD   56
“S24   12”   DHOLANA   58
UP   GAUTAM BUDDH NAGAR   “S24   13”   NOIDA   61
“S24   13”   DADRI   62
“S24   13”   JEWAR   63
“S24   13”   SIKANDRABAD   64
“S24   13”   KHURJA   70
UP   BULANDSHAHR   “S24   14”   BULANDSHAHR   65
“S24   14”   SYANA   66
“S24   14”   ANUPSHAHR   67
“S24   14”   DEBAI   68
“S24   14”   SHIKARPUR   69
UP   ALIGARH   “S24   15”   KHAIR   71
“S24   15”   BARAULI   72
“S24   15”   ATRAULI   73
“S24   15”   KOIL   75
“S24   15”   ALIGARH   76
UP   HATHRAS   “S24   16”   CHHARRA   74
“S24   16”   IGLAS   77
“S24   16”   HATHRAS   78
“S24   16”   SADABAD   79
“S24   16”   SIKANDRA RAO   80
UP   MATHURA   “S24   17”   CHHATA   81
“S24   17”   MANT   82
“S24   17”   GOVERDHAN   83
“S24   17”   MATHURA   84
“S24   17”   BALDEV   85
UP   AGRA   “S24   18”   ETMADPUR   86
“S24   18”   AGRA CANTT.   87
“S24   18”   AGRA SOUTH   88
“S24   18”   AGRA NORTH   89
“S24   18”   JALESAR   106
UP   FATEHPUR SIKRI   “S24   19”   AGRA RURAL   90
“S24   19”   FATEHPUR SIKARI   91
“S24   19”   KHERAGARH   92
“S24   19”   FATEHABAD   93
“S24   19”   BAH   94
UP   FIROZABAD   “S24   20”   TUNDLA   95
“S24   20”   JASRANA   96
“S24   20”   FIROZABAD   97
“S24   20”   SHIKOHABAD   98
“S24   20”   SIRSAGANJ   99
UP   MAINPURI   “S24   21”   MAINPURI   107
“S24   21”   BHONGAON   108
“S24   21”   KISHANI   109
“S24   21”   KARHAL   110
“S24   21”   JASWANTNAGAR   199
UP   ETAH   “S24   22”   KASGANJ   100
“S24   22”   AMANPUR   101
“S24   22”   PATIYALI   102
“S24   22”   ETAH   104
“S24   22”   MARHARA   105
UP   BADAUN   “S24   23”   GUNNAUR   111
“S24   23”   BISAULI   112
“S24   23”   SAHASWAN   113
“S24   23”   BILSI   114
“S24   23”   BUDAUN   115
UP   AONLA   “S24   24”   SHEKHUPUR   116
“S24   24”   DATAGANJ   117
“S24   24”   FARIDPUR   122
“S24   24”   BITHARI CHAINPUR   123
“S24   24”   AONLA   126
UP   BAREILLY   “S24   25”   MEERGANJ   119
“S24   25”   GHOJIPURA   120
“S24   25”   NAWABGANJ   121
“S24   25”   BAREILLY   124
“S24   25”   BARELLY CANTT.   125
UP   PILIBHIT   “S24   26”   BAHERI   118
“S24   26”   PILIBHIT   127
“S24   26”   BARKHERA   128
“S24   26”   PURANPUR   129
“S24   26”   BISALPUR   130
UP   SHAHJAHANPUR   “S24   27”   KATRA   131
“S24   27”   JALALABAD   132
“S24   27”   TILHAR   133
“S24   27”   POWAYAN   134
“S24   27”   SHAHJAHANPUR   135
“S24   27”   DADRAUL   136
UP   KHERI   “S24   28”   PALIA   137
“S24   28”   NIGHASAN   138
“S24   28”   GOLA GOKRANNATH   139
“S24   28”   SRI NAGAR   140
“S24   28”   LAKHIMPUR   142
UP   DHAURAHRA   “S24   29”   DHAURAHRA   141
“S24   29”   KASTA   143
“S24   29”   MOHAMMDI   144
“S24   29”   MAHOLI   145
“S24   29”   HARGAON   147
UP   SITAPUR   “S24   30”   SITAPUR   146
“S24   30”   LAHARPUR   148
“S24   30”   BISWAN   149
“S24   30”   SEVATA   150
“S24   30”   MAHMOODABAD   151
UP   HARDOI   “S24   31”   SAWAIJPUR   154
“S24   31”   SHAHABAD   155
“S24   31”   HARDOI   156
“S24   31”   GOPAMAU   157
“S24   31”   SANDI   158
UP   MISRIKH   “S24   32”   MISRIKH   153
“S24   32”   BILGRAM-MALLANWAN   159
“S24   32”   BALAMAU   160
“S24   32”   SANDILA   161
“S24   32”   BILHAUR   209
UP   UNNAO   “S24   33”   BANGARMAU   162
“S24   33”   SAFIPUR   163
“S24   33”   MOHAN   164
“S24   33”   UNNAO   165
“S24   33”   BHAGWANTNAGAR   166
“S24   33”   PURWA   167
UP   MOHANLALGANJ   “S24   34”   SIDHAULI   152
“S24   34”   MALIHABAD   168
“S24   34”   BAKSHI KAA TALAB   169
“S24   34”   SAROJINI NAGAR   170
“S24   34”   MOHANLALGANJ   176
UP   LUCKNOW   “S24   35”   LUCKNOW WEST   171
“S24   35”   LUCKNOW NORTH   172
“S24   35”   LUCKNOW EAST   173
“S24   35”   LUCKNOW CENTRAL   174
“S24   35”   LUCKNOW CANTT.   175
UP   RAE BARELI   “S24   36”   BACHHRAWAN   177
“S24   36”   HARCHANDPUR   179
“S24   36”   RAE BARELI   180
“S24   36”   SARENI   182
“S24   36”   UNCHAHAR   183
UP   AMETHI   “S24   37”   TILOI   178
“S24   37”   SALON   181
“S24   37”   JAGDISHPUR   184
“S24   37”   GAURIGANJ   185
“S24   37”   AMETHI   186
UP   SULTANPUR   “S24   38”   ISAULI   187
“S24   38”   SULTANPUR   188
“S24   38”   SADAR   189
“S24   38”   LAMBHUA   190
“S24   38”   KADIPUR   191
UP   PRATAPGARH   “S24   39”   RAMPUR KHAS   244
“S24   39”   BISHWAVNATHGANJ   247
“S24   39”   PRATAPGARH   248
“S24   39”   PATTI   249
“S24   39”   RANIGANJ   250
UP   FARRUKHABAD   “S24   40”   ALIGANJ   103
“S24   40”   KAIMGANJ   192
“S24   40”   AMRITPUR   193
“S24   40”   FARRUKHABAD   194
“S24   40”   BHOJPUR   195
UP   ETAWAH   “S24   41”   ETAWAH   200
“S24   41”   BHARTHANA   201
“S24   41”   DIBIYAPUR   203
“S24   41”   AURAIYA   204
“S24   41”   SIKANDRA   207
UP   KANNAUJ   “S24   42”   CHHIBRAMAU   196
“S24   42”   TIRWA   197
“S24   42”   KANNAUJ   198
“S24   42”   BIDHUNA   202
“S24   42”   RASULABAD   205
UP   KANPUR   “S24   43”   GOVINDNAGAR   212
“S24   43”   SISHAMAU   213
“S24   43”   ARYA NAGAR   214
“S24   43”   DIDWAI NAGAR   215
“S24   43”   KANPUR CANTT.   216
UP   AKBARPUR   “S24   44”   AKBARPUR – RANIYA   206
“S24   44”   BITHOOR   210
“S24   44”   KALYANPUR   211
“S24   44”   MAHARAJPUR   217
“S24   44”   GHATAMPUR   218
UP   JALAUN   “S24   45”   BHOGNIPUR   208
“S24   45”   MADHAUGARH   219
“S24   45”   KALPI   220
“S24   45”   ORAI   221
“S24   45”   GARAUTHA   225
UP   JHANSI   “S24   46”   BABINA   222
“S24   46”   JHANSI NAGAR   223
“S24   46”   MAURANIPUR   224
“S24   46”   LALITPUR   226
“S24   46”   MEHRONI   227
UP   HAMIRPUR   “S24   47”   HAMIRPUR   228
“S24   47”   RATH   229
“S24   47”   MAHOBA   230
“S24   47”   CHARKHARI   231
“S24   47”   TINDWARI   232
UP   BANDA   “S24   48”   BABERU   233
“S24   48”   NARAINI   234
“S24   48”   BANDA   235
“S24   48”   CHITRAKOOT   236
“S24   48”   MANIKPUR   237
UP   FATEHPUR   “S24   49”   JAHANABAD   238
“S24   49”   BINKDI   239
“S24   49”   FATEHPUR   240
“S24   49”   AYAH SHAH   241
“S24   49”   HUSAINGANJ   242
“S24   49”   KHAGA   243
UP   KAUSHAMBI   “S24   50”   BABAGANJ   245
“S24   50”   KUNDA   246
“S24   50”   SIRATHU   251
“S24   50”   MANJHANPUR   252
“S24   50”   CHAIL   253
UP   PHULPUR   “S24   51”   PHAPHAMAU   254
“S24   51”   SORAON   255
“S24   51”   PHULPUR   256
“S24   51”   ALLAHABAD WEST   261
“S24   51”   ALLAHABAD NORTH   262
UP   ALLAHABAD   “S24   52”   MEJA   259
“S24   52”   KARCHHANA   260
“S24   52”   ALLAHABAD SOUTH   263
“S24   52”   BARA   264
“S24   52”   KORAON   265
UP   BARABANKI   “S24   53”   KURSI   266
“S24   53”   RAM NAGAR   267
“S24   53”   BARABANKI   268
“S24   53”   ZAIDPUR   269
“S24   53”   HAIDERGARH   272
UP   FAIZABAD   “S24   54”   DARIYABAD   270
“S24   54”   RUDAULI   271
“S24   54”   MILKIPUR   273
“S24   54”   BIKAPUR   274
“S24   54”   AYODHYA   275
UP   AMBEDKAR NAGAR   “S24   55”   GOSHAINGANJ   276
“S24   55”   KATEHARI   277
“S24   55”   TANDA   278
“S24   55”   JALALPUR   280
“S24   55”   AKBARPUR   281
UP   BAHRAICH   “S24   56”   BALHA   282
“S24   56”   NANPARA   283
“S24   56”   MATERA   284
“S24   56”   MAHSI   285
“S24   56”   BAHRAICH   286
UP   KAISERGANJ   “S24   57”   PAYAGPUR   287
“S24   57”   KAISERGANJ   288
“S24   57”   KATRA BAZAR   297
“S24   57”   COLONELGANJ   298
“S24   57”   TARABGANJ   299
UP   SHRAWASTI   “S24   58”   BHINGA   289
“S24   58”   SHRAWASTI   290
“S24   58”   TULSIPUR   291
“S24   58”   GAINSARI   292
“S24   58”   BALRAMPUR   294
UP   GONDA   “S24   59”   UTRAULA   293
“S24   59”   MEHNAUN   295
“S24   59”   GONDA   296
“S24   59”   MANKAPUR   300
“S24   59”   GAURA   301
UP   DOMARIYAGANJ   “S24   60”   SHOHRATGARH   302
“S24   60”   KAPILVASTU   303
“S24   60”   BANSI   304
“S24   60”   ITWA   305
“S24   60”   DUMARIYAGANJ   306
UP   BASTI   “S24   61”   HARRAIYA   307
“S24   61”   KAPTANGANJ   308
“S24   61”   RUDHAULI   309
“S24   61”   BASTI SADAR   310
“S24   61”   MAHADEWA   311
UP   SANT KABIR NAGAR   “S24   62”   ALAPUR   279
“S24   62”   MENHDAWAL   312
“S24   62”   KHALILABAD   313
“S24   62”   DHANGHATA   314
“S24   62”   KHAJNI   325
UP   MAHARAJGANJ   “S24   63”   PHARENDA   315
“S24   63”   NAUTANWA   316
“S24   63”   SISWA   317
“S24   63”   MAHARAJGANJ   318
“S24   63”   PANIYARA   319
UP   GORAKHPUR   “S24   64”   CAIMPIYARGANJ   320
“S24   64”   PIPRAICH   321
“S24   64”   GORAKHPUR URBAN   322
“S24   64”   GORAKHPUR RURAL   323
“S24   64”   SAHAJANWA   324
UP   KUSHI NAGAR   “S24   65”   KHADDA   329
“S24   65”   PADRAUNA   330
“S24   65”   KUSHINAGAR   333
“S24   65”   HATA   334
“S24   65”   RAMKOLA   335
UP   DEORIA   “S24   66”   TAMKUHI RAJ   331
“S24   66”   FAZILNAGAR   332
“S24   66”   DEORIA   337
“S24   66”   PATHARDEVA   338
“S24   66”   RAMPUR KARKHANA   339
UP   BANSGAON   “S24   67”   CHAURI-CHAURA   326
“S24   67”   BANSGAON   327
“S24   67”   CHILLUPAR   328
“S24   67”   RUDRAPUR   336
“S24   67”   BARHAJ   342
UP   LALGANJ   “S24   68”   ATRAULIYA   343
“S24   68”   NIZAMABAD   348
“S24   68”   PHOOLPUR PAWAI   349
“S24   68”   DIDARGANJ   350
“S24   68”   LALGANJ   351
UP   AZAMGARH   “S24   69”   GOPALPUR   344
“S24   69”   SAGRI   345
“S24   69”   MUBARAKPUR   346
“S24   69”   AZAMGARH   347
“S24   69”   MEHNAGAR   352
UP   GHOSI   “S24   70”   MADHUBAN   353
“S24   70”   GHOSI   354
“S24   70”   MUHAMMADABAD- GOHNA   355
“S24   70”   MAU   356
“S24   70”   RASARA   358
UP   SALEMPUR   “S24   71”   BHATPAR RANI   340
“S24   71”   SALEMPUR   341
“S24   71”   BELTHARA ROAD   357
“S24   71”   SIKANDARPUR   359
“S24   71”   BANSDEEH   362
UP   BALLIA   “S24   72”   PHEPHANA   360
“S24   72”   BALLIA NAGAR   361
“S24   72”   BAIRIA   363
“S24   72”   ZAHOORABAD   377
“S24   72”   MOHAMMADABAD   378
UP   JAUNPUR   “S24   73”   BADLAPUR   364
“S24   73”   SHAHGANJ   365
“S24   73”   JAUNPUR   366
“S24   73”   MALHANI   367
“S24   73”   MUNGRA BADSHAHPUR   368
UP   MACHHLISHAHR   “S24   74”   MACHHLISHAHR   369
“S24   74”   MARIYAHU   370
“S24   74”   ZAFRABAD   371
“S24   74”   KERAKAT   372
“S24   74”   PINDRA   384
UP   GHAZIPUR   “S24   75”   JAKHANIAN   373
“S24   75”   SAIDPUR   374
“S24   75”   GHAZIPUR   375
“S24   75”   JANGIPUR   376
“S24   75”   ZAMANIA   379
UP   CHANDAULI   “S24   76”   MUGHALSARAI   380
“S24   76”   SAKALDIHA   381
“S24   76”   SAIYADRAJA   382
“S24   76”   AJAGARA   385
“S24   76”   SHIVPUR   386
UP   VARANASI   “S24   77”   ROHANIYA   387
“S24   77”   VARANASI NORTH   388
“S24   77”   VARANASI SOUTH   389
“S24   77”   VARANASI CANTT.   390
“S24   77”   SEVAPURI   391
UP   BHADOHI   “S24   78”   PRATAPPUR   257
“S24   78”   HANDIA   258
“S24   78”   BHADOHI   392
“S24   78”   GYANPUR   393
“S24   78”   AURAI   394
UP   MIRZAPUR   “S24   79”   CHHANBEY   395
“S24   79”   MIRZAPUR   396
“S24   79”   MAJHAWAN   397
“S24   79”   CHUNAR   398
“S24   79”   MARIHAN   399
UP   ROBERTSGANJ   “S24   80”   CHAKIA   383
“S24   80”   GHORAWAL   400
“S24   80”   ROBERTSGANJ   401
“S24   80”   OBRA   402
“S24   80”   DUDDHI   403
WB   COOCH BEHAR   “S25   1”   MATHABHANGA   2
“S25   1”   COOCH BEHAR UTTAR   3
“S25   1”   COOCH BEHAR DAKSHIN   4
“S25   1”   SITALKUCHI   5
“S25   1”   SITAI   6
“S25   1”   DINHATA   7
“S25   1”   NATABARI   8
WB   ALIPURDUARS   “S25   2”   TUFANGANJ   9
“S25   2”   KUMARGRAM   10
“S25   2”   KALCHINI   11
“S25   2”   ALIPURDUARS   12
“S25   2”   FALAKATA   13
“S25   2”   MADARIHAT   14
“S25   2”   NAGRAKATA   21
WB   JALPAIGURI   “S25   3”   MEKLIGANJ   1
“S25   3”   DHUPGURI   15
“S25   3”   MAYNAGURI   16
“S25   3”   JALPAIGURI   17
“S25   3”   RAJGANJ   18
“S25   3”   DABGRAM-PHULBARI   19
“S25   3”   MAL   20
WB   DARJEELING   “S25   4”   KALIMPONG   22
“S25   4”   DARJEELING   23
“S25   4”   KURSEONG   24
“S25   4”   MATIGARA-NAXALBARI   25
“S25   4”   SILIGURI   26
“S25   4”   PHANSIDEWA   27
“S25   4”   CHOPRA   28
WB   RAIGANJ   “S25   5”   ISLAMPUR   29
“S25   5”   GOALPOKHAR   30
“S25   5”   CHAKULIA   31
“S25   5”   KARANDIGHI   32
“S25   5”   HEMTABAD   33
“S25   5”   KALIAGANJ   34
“S25   5”   RAIGANJ   35
WB   BALURGHAT   “S25   6”   ITAHAR   36
“S25   6”   KUSHMANDI   37
“S25   6”   KUMARGANJ   38
“S25   6”   BALURGHAT   39
“S25   6”   TAPAN   40
“S25   6”   GANGARAMPUR   41
“S25   6”   HARIRAMPUR   42
WB   MALDAHA UTTAR   “S25   7”   HABIBPUR   43
“S25   7”   GAZOLE   44
“S25   7”   CHANCHAL   45
“S25   7”   HARISCHANDRAPUR   46
“S25   7”   MALATIPUR   47
“S25   7”   RATUA   48
“S25   7”   MALDAHA   50
WB   MALDAHA DAKSHIN   “S25   8”   MANIKCHAK   49
“S25   8”   ENGLISHBAZAR   51
“S25   8”   MOTHABARI   52
“S25   8”   SUJAPUR   53
“S25   8”   BAISNABNAGAR   54
“S25   8”   FARAKKA   55
“S25   8”   SAMSERGANJ   56
WB   JANGIPUR   “S25   9”   SUTI   57
“S25   9”   JANGIPUR   58
“S25   9”   RAGHUNATHGANJ   59
“S25   9”   SAGARDIGHI   60
“S25   9”   LALGOLA   61
“S25   9”   NABAGRAM   65
“S25   9”   KHARGRAM   66
WB   BAHARAMPUR   “S25   10”   BURWAN   67
“S25   10”   KANDI   68
“S25   10”   BHARATPUR   69
“S25   10”   REJINAGAR   70
“S25   10”   BELDANGA   71
“S25   10”   BAHARAMPUR   72
“S25   10”   NAODA   74
WB   MURSHIDABAD   “S25   11”   BHAGABANGOLA   62
“S25   11”   RANINAGAR   63
“S25   11”   MURSHIDABAD   64
“S25   11”   HARIHARPARA   73
“S25   11”   DOMKAL   75
“S25   11”   JALANGI   76
“S25   11”   KARIMPUR   77
WB   KRISHNANAGAR   “S25   12”   TEHATTA   78
“S25   12”   PALASHIPARA   79
“S25   12”   KALIGANJ   80
“S25   12”   NAKASHIPARA   81
“S25   12”   CHAPRA   82
“S25   12”   KRISHNANAGAR UTTAR   83
“S25   12”   KRISHNANAGAR DAKSHIN   85
WB   RANAGHAT   “S25   13”   NABADWIP   84
“S25   13”   SANTIPUR   86
“S25   13”   RANAGHAT UTTAR PASCHIM   87
“S25   13”   KRISHNAGANJ   88
“S25   13”   RANAGHAT UTTAR PURBA   89
“S25   13”   RANAGHAT DAKSHIN   90
“S25   13”   CHAKDAHA   91
WB   BANGAON   “S25   14”   KALYANI   92
“S25   14”   HARINGHATA   93
“S25   14”   BAGDA   94
“S25   14”   BANGAON UTTAR   95
“S25   14”   BANGAON DAKSHIN   96
“S25   14”   GAIGHATA   97
“S25   14”   SWARUPNAGAR   98
WB   BARRACKPORE   “S25   15”   AMDANGA   102
“S25   15”   BIJPUR   103
“S25   15”   NAIHATI   104
“S25   15”   BHATPARA   105
“S25   15”   JAGATDAL   106
“S25   15”   NOAPARA   107
“S25   15”   BARRACKPUR   108
WB   DUM DUM   “S25   16”   KHARDAHA   109
“S25   16”   DUM DUM UTTAR   110
“S25   16”   PANIHATI   111
“S25   16”   KAMARHATI   112
“S25   16”   BARANAGAR   113
“S25   16”   DUM DUM   114
“S25   16”   RAJARHAT GOPALPUR   117
WB   BARASAT   “S25   17”   HABRA   100
“S25   17”   ASHOKNAGAR   101
“S25   17”   RAJARHAT NEW TOWN   115
“S25   17”   BIDHANNAGAR   116
“S25   17”   MADHYAMGRAM   118
“S25   17”   BARASAT   119
“S25   17”   DEGANGA   120
WB   BASIRHAT   “S25   18”   BADURIA   99
“S25   18”   HAROA   121
“S25   18”   MINAKHAN   122
“S25   18”   SANDESHKHALI   123
“S25   18”   BASIRHAT DAKSHIN   124
“S25   18”   BASIRHAT UTTAR   125
“S25   18”   HINGALGANJ   126
WB   JOYNAGAR   “S25   19”   GOSABA   127
“S25   19”   BASANTI   128
“S25   19”   KULTALI   129
“S25   19”   JOYNAGAR   136
“S25   19”   CANNING PASCHIM   138
“S25   19”   CANNING PURBA   139
“S25   19”   MAGRAHAT PURBA   141
WB   MATHURAPUR   “S25   20”   PATHARPRATIMA   130
“S25   20”   KAKDWIP   131
“S25   20”   SAGAR   132
“S25   20”   KULPI   133
“S25   20”   RAIDIGHI   134
“S25   20”   MANDIRBAZAR   135
“S25   20”   MAGRAHAT PASCHIM   142
WB   DIAMOND HARBOUR   “S25   21”   DIAMOND HARBOUR   143
“S25   21”   FALTA   144
“S25   21”   SATGACHHIA   145
“S25   21”   BISHNUPUR   146
“S25   21”   MAHESHTALA   155
“S25   21”   BUDGE BUDGE   156
“S25   21”   METIABURUZ   157
WB   JADAVPUR   “S25   22”   BARUIPUR PURBA   137
“S25   22”   BARUIPUR PASCHIM   140
“S25   22”   SONARPUR DAKSHIN   147
“S25   22”   BHANGAR   148
“S25   22”   JADAVPUR   150
“S25   22”   SONARPUR UTTAR   151
“S25   22”   TOLLYGANJ   152
WB   KOLKATA DAKSHIN   “S25   23”   KASBA   149
“S25   23”   BEHALA PURBA   153
“S25   23”   BEHALA PASCHIM   154
“S25   23”   KOLKATA PORT   158
“S25   23”   BHABANIPUR   159
“S25   23”   RASHBEHARI   160
“S25   23”   BALLYGUNGE   161
WB   KOLKATA UTTAR   “S25   24”   CHOWRANGEE   162
“S25   24”   ENTALLY   163
“S25   24”   BELEGHATA   164
“S25   24”   JORASANKO   165
“S25   24”   SHYAMPUKUR   166
“S25   24”   MANIKTOLA   167
“S25   24”   KASHIPUR-BELGACHHIA   168
WB   HOWRAH   “S25   25”   BALLY   169
“S25   25”   HOWRAH UTTAR   170
“S25   25”   HOWRAH MADHYA   171
“S25   25”   SHIBPUR   172
“S25   25”   HOWRAH DAKSHIN   173
“S25   25”   SANKRAIL   174
“S25   25”   PANCHLA   175
WB   ULUBERIA   “S25   26”   ULUBERIA PURBA   176
“S25   26”   ULUBERIA UTTAR   177
“S25   26”   ULUBERIA DAKSHIN   178
“S25   26”   SHYAMPUR   179
“S25   26”   BAGNAN   180
“S25   26”   AMTA   181
“S25   26”   UDAYNARAYANPUR   182
WB   SRERAMPUR   “S25   27”   JAGATBALLAVPUR   183
“S25   27”   DOMJUR   184
“S25   27”   UTTARPARA   185
“S25   27”   SREERAMPUR   186
“S25   27”   CHAMPDANI   187
“S25   27”   CHANDITALA   194
“S25   27”   JANGIPARA   195
WB   HOOGHLY   “S25   28”   SINGUR   188
“S25   28”   CHANDANNAGAR   189
“S25   28”   CHUNCHURA   190
“S25   28”   BALAGARH   191
“S25   28”   PANDUA   192
“S25   28”   SAPTAGRAM   193
“S25   28”   DHANEKHALI   197
WB   ARAMBAGH   “S25   29”   HARIPAL   196
“S25   29”   TARAKESWAR   198
“S25   29”   PURSURAH   199
“S25   29”   ARAMBAG   200
“S25   29”   GOGHAT   201
“S25   29”   KHANAKUL   202
“S25   29”   CHANDRAKONA   232
WB   TAMLUK   “S25   30”   TAMLUK   203
“S25   30”   PANSKURA PURBA   204
“S25   30”   MOYNA   206
“S25   30”   NANDAKUMAR   207
“S25   30”   MAHISHADAL   208
“S25   30”   HALDIA   209
“S25   30”   NANDIGRAM   210
WB   KANTHI   “S25   31”   CHANDIPUR   211
“S25   31”   PATASHPUR   212
“S25   31”   KANTHI UTTAR   213
“S25   31”   BHAGABANPUR   214
“S25   31”   KHEJURI   215
“S25   31”   KANTHI DAKSHIN   216
“S25   31”   RAMNAGAR   217
WB   GHATAL   “S25   32”   PANSKURA PASCHIM   205
“S25   32”   SABANG   226
“S25   32”   PINGLA   227
“S25   32”   DEBRA   229
“S25   32”   DASPUR   230
“S25   32”   GHATAL   231
“S25   32”   KESHPUR   235
WB   JHARGRAM   “S25   33”   NAYAGRAM   220
“S25   33”   GOPIBALLAVPUR   221
“S25   33”   JHARGRAM   222
“S25   33”   GARBETA   233
“S25   33”   SALBONI   234
“S25   33”   BINPUR   237
“S25   33”   BANDWAN   238
WB   MEDINIPUR   “S25   34”   EGRA   218
“S25   34”   DANTAN   219
“S25   34”   KESHIARY   223
“S25   34”   KHARAGPUR SADAR   224
“S25   34”   NARAYANGARH   225
“S25   34”   KHARAGPUR   228
“S25   34”   MEDINIPUR   236
WB   PURULIA   “S25   35”   BALARAMPUR   239
“S25   35”   BAGHMUNDI   240
“S25   35”   JOYPUR   241
“S25   35”   PURULIA   242
“S25   35”   MANBAZAR   243
“S25   35”   KASHIPUR   244
“S25   35”   PARA   245
WB   BANKURA   “S25   36”   RAGHUNATHPUR   246
“S25   36”   SALTORA   247
“S25   36”   CHHATNA   248
“S25   36”   RANIBANDH   249
“S25   36”   RAIPUR   250
“S25   36”   TALDANGRA   251
“S25   36”   BANKURA   252
WB   BISHNUPUR   “S25   37”   BARJORA   253
“S25   37”   ONDA   254
“S25   37”   BISHNUPUR   255
“S25   37”   KATULPUR   256
“S25   37”   INDUS   257
“S25   37”   SONAMUKHI   258
“S25   37”   KHANDAGHOSH   259
WB   BARDHAMAN PURBA   “S25   38”   RAINA   261
“S25   38”   JAMALPUR   262
“S25   38”   KALNA   264
“S25   38”   MEMARI   265
“S25   38”   PURBASTHALI DAKSHIN   268
“S25   38”   PURBASTHALI UTTAR   269
“S25   38”   KATWA   270
WB   BURDWAN – DURGAPUR   “S25   39”   BURDWAN DAKSHIN   260
“S25   39”   MONTESWAR   263
“S25   39”   BURDWAN UTTAR   266
“S25   39”   BHATAR   267
“S25   39”   GALSI   274
“S25   39”   DURGAPUR PURBA   276
“S25   39”   DURGAPUR PASCHIM   277
WB   ASANSOL   “S25   40”   PANDABESWAR   275
“S25   40”   RANIGANJ   278
“S25   40”   JAMURIA   279
“S25   40”   ASNSOL DAKSHIN   280
“S25   40”   ASANSOL UTTAR   281
“S25   40”   KULTI   282
“S25   40”   BARABANI   283
WB   BOLPUR   “S25   41”   KETUGRAM   271
“S25   41”   MANGALKOT   272
“S25   41”   AUSGRAM   273
“S25   41”   BOLPUR   286
“S25   41”   NANOOR   287
“S25   41”   LABHPUR   288
“S25   41”   MAYURESWAR   290
WB   BIRBHUM   “S25   42”   DUBRAJPUR   284
“S25   42”   SURI   285
“S25   42”   SAINTHIA   289
“S25   42”   RAMPURHAT   291
“S25   42”   HANSAN   292
“S25   42”   NALHATI   293
“S25   42”   MURARAI   294
CG   SARGUJA   “S26   1”   PREMNAGAR   4
“S26   1”   BHATGAON   5
“S26   1”   PRATAPPUR   6
“S26   1”   RAMANUJGANJ   7
“S26   1”   SAMRI   8
“S26   1”   LUNDRA   9
“S26   1”   AMBIKAPUR   10
“S26   1”   SITAPUR   11
CG   RAIGARH   “S26   2”   JASHPUR   12
“S26   2”   KUNKURI   13
“S26   2”   PATHALGAON   14
“S26   2”   LAILUNDRA   15
“S26   2”   RAIGARH   16
“S26   2”   SARANGARH   17
“S26   2”   KHARSIA   18
“S26   2”   DHARAMJAIGARH   19
CG   JANJGIR-CHAMPA   “S26   3”   AKALTARA   33
“S26   3”   JAJGIR-CHAMPA   34
“S26   3”   SAKRI   35
“S26   3”   CHANDRAPURA   36
“S26   3”   JAIJAIPUR   37
“S26   3”   PAMGARH   38
“S26   3”   BILAIGARH   43
“S26   3”   KASDOL   44
CG   KORBA   “S26   4”   BHARATPUR-SONHAT   1
“S26   4”   MANENDRAGARH   2
“S26   4”   BAIKUNTHPUR   3
“S26   4”   RAMPUR   20
“S26   4”   KOBRA   21
“S26   4”   KATGHORA   22
“S26   4”   PALI-TANAKHAR   23
“S26   4”   MARWAHI   24
CG   BILASPUR   “S26   5”   KOTA   25
“S26   5”   LORMI   26
“S26   5”   MUNGELI   27
“S26   5”   TAKHATPUR   28
“S26   5”   BILHA   29
“S26   5”   BILASPUR   30
“S26   5”   BELTARA   31
“S26   5”   MASTURI   32
CG   RAJNANDGAON   “S26   6”   PANDARIYA   71
“S26   6”   KAWARGHA   72
“S26   6”   KHAIRAGARH   73
“S26   6”   DONGARGARH   74
“S26   6”   RAJNANDGAON   75
“S26   6”   DONGARGAON   76
“S26   6”   KHUJJI   77
“S26   6”   MOHALA-MANPUR   78
CG   DURG   “S26   7”   PATAN   62
“S26   7”   DURG-RURAL   63
“S26   7”   DURG-CITY   64
“S26   7”   DURG-NAGAR   65
“S26   7”   VAISHALI NAGAR   66
“S26   7”   AHIWARA   67
“S26   7”   SAJA   68
“S26   7”   BEMETARA   69
“S26   7”   NAWAGARH   70
CG   RAIPUR   “S26   8”   BALODA BAZAR   45
“S26   8”   BHATAPARA   46
“S26   8”   DHARSIWA   47
“S26   8”   RAIPUR RURAL   48
“S26   8”   RAIPUR CITY WEST   49
“S26   8”   RAIPUR CITY NORTH   50
“S26   8”   RAIPUR CITY SOUTH   51
“S26   8”   ARANG   52
“S26   8”   ABHANPUR   53
CG   MAHASAMUND   “S26   9”   SARAIPALI   39
“S26   9”   BASNA   40
“S26   9”   KHALLARI   41
“S26   9”   MAHASAMUND   42
“S26   9”   RAJIM   54
“S26   9”   BINDRANAWAGARH   55
“S26   9”   KURUD   57
“S26   9”   DHAMTARI   58
CG   BASTAR   “S26   10”   KONDAGAON   83
“S26   10”   NARAYANPUR   84
“S26   10”   BASTAR   85
“S26   10”   JAGDALPUR   86
“S26   10”   CHITRAKOT   87
“S26   10”   DANTEWARA   88
“S26   10”   BIJAPUR   89
“S26   10”   KONTA   90
CG   KANKER   “S26   11”   SIHAWA   56
“S26   11”   SANJARI BALOD   59
“S26   11”   DONDI LAHARA   60
“S26   11”   GUNDERDEHI   61
“S26   11”   ANTAGARH   79
“S26   11”   BHANUPRATAPPUR   80
“S26   11”   KANKER   81
“S26   11”   KESHKAR   82
JH   RAJMAHAL   “S27   1”   RAJMAHAL   1
“S27   1”   BORIO   2
“S27   1”   BARHAIT   3
“S27   1”   LITIPARA   4
“S27   1”   PAKHUR   5
“S27   1”   MAHESHPUR   6
JH   DUMKA   “S27   2”   SHIKARIPARA   7
“S27   2”   NALA   8
“S27   2”   JAMTARA   9
“S27   2”   DUMKA   10
“S27   2”   JAMA   11
“S27   2”   SARATH   14
JH   GODDA   “S27   3”   JARMUNDI   12
“S27   3”   MADHUPUR   13
“S27   3”   DEOGHAR   15
“S27   3”   POREYAHAT   16
“S27   3”   GODDA   17
“S27   3”   MAHAGAMA   18
JH   CHATRA   “S27   4”   SIMARIA   26
“S27   4”   CHATRA   27
“S27   4”   MANIKA   73
“S27   4”   LATEHAR   74
“S27   4”   PANKI   75
JH   KODARMA   “S27   5”   KODARMA   19
“S27   5”   BARKATHA   20
“S27   5”   DHANWAR   28
“S27   5”   BAGODAR   29
“S27   5”   JAMUA   30
“S27   5”   GANDEY   31
JH   GIRIDIH   “S27   6”   GIRIDIH   32
“S27   6”   DUMRI   33
“S27   6”   GOMIYA   34
“S27   6”   BERMO   35
“S27   6”   TUNDI   42
“S27   6”   BAGHMARA   43
JH   DHANBAD   “S27   7”   BOKARO   36
“S27   7”   CHANDANKYARI   37
“S27   7”   SINDRI   38
“S27   7”   NIRSA   39
“S27   7”   DHANBAD   40
“S27   7”   JHARIA   41
JH   RANCHI   “S27   8”   ICHAGARH   50
“S27   8”   SILLI   61
“S27   8”   KHIJRI   62
“S27   8”   RANCHI   63
“S27   8”   HATIA   64
“S27   8”   KANKE   65
JH   JAMSHEDPUR   “S27   9”   BAHARAGORA   44
“S27   9”   GHATSHILA   45
“S27   9”   POTKA   46
“S27   9”   JUGASHLAI   47
“S27   9”   JAMSHEDPUR EAST   48
“S27   9”   JAMSHEDPUR WEST   49
JH   SINGHBHUM   “S27   10”   SARAIKELLA   51
“S27   10”   CHAIBASA   52
“S27   10”   MAJHGANON   53
“S27   10”   JAGANATHPUR   54
“S27   10”   MANOHARPUR   55
“S27   10”   CHAKRADHARPUR   56
JH   KHUNTI   “S27   11”   KHARASAWAN   57
“S27   11”   TAMAR   58
“S27   11”   KHUNTI   60
“S27   11”   TORPA   60
“S27   11”   SIMDEGA   70
“S27   11”   KOLEBIRA   71
JH   LOHARDAGA   “S27   12”   MANDAR   66
“S27   12”   SISAI   67
“S27   12”   GUMLA   68
“S27   12”   BISHUNPUR   69
“S27   12”   LOHARDAGA   72
JH   PALAMAU   “S27   13”   DALTONGANJ   76
“S27   13”   BISHRAMPUR   77
“S27   13”   CHATTARPUR   78
“S27   13”   HUSSAINABAD   79
“S27   13”   GARHWA   80
“S27   13”   BHAWANATHPUR   81
JH   HAZARIBAGH   “S27   14”   BARHI   21
“S27   14”   BARKAGAON   22
“S27   14”   RAMGARH   23
“S27   14”   MANDHU   24
“S27   14”   HAZARIBAGH   25
UK   TEHRI GARHWAL   “S28   1”   PUROLA   1
“S28   1”   YAMUNOTRI   2
“S28   1”   GANGOTRI   3
“S28   1”   GHANSHALI   9
“S28   1”   PRATAPNAGAR   12
“S28   1”   TEHRI   13
“S28   1”   DHANOLTI   14
“S28   1”   CHAKRATA   15
“S28   1”   VIKASNAGAR   16
“S28   1”   SAHASPUR   17
“S28   1”   RAIPUR   19
“S28   1”   RAJPUR ROAD   20
“S28   1”   DEHRADUN CANTT.   21
“S28   1”   MUSSOORIE   22
UK   GARHWAL   “S28   2”   BADRINATH   4
“S28   2”   THARALI   5
“S28   2”   KARNPRAYAG   6
“S28   2”   KEDARNATH   7
“S28   2”   RUDRAPRAYAG   8
“S28   2”   DEOPRAYAG   10
“S28   2”   NARENDRANAGAR   11
“S28   2”   YAMKESHWAR   36
“S28   2”   PAURI   37
“S28   2”   SRINAGAR   38
“S28   2”   CHAUBATTAKHAL   39
“S28   2”   LANSDOWNE   40
“S28   2”   KOTDWAR   41
“S28   2”   RAMNAGAR   61
UK   ALMORA   “S28   3”   DHARCHULA   42
“S28   3”   DIDIHAT   43
“S28   3”   PITHORAGARH   44
“S28   3”   GANGOLIHAT   45
“S28   3”   KAPKOTE   46
“S28   3”   BAGESHWAR   47
“S28   3”   DWARAHAT   48
“S28   3”   SALT   49
“S28   3”   RANIKHET   50
“S28   3”   SOMESHWAR   51
“S28   3”   ALMORA   52
“S28   3”   JAGESHWAR   53
“S28   3”   LOHAGHAT   54
“S28   3”   CHAMPAWAT   55
UK   NAINITAL-UDHAMSINGH NAGAR   “S28   4”   LALKUWA   56
“S28   4”   BHIMTAL   57
“S28   4”   NAINITAL   58
“S28   4”   HALDWANI   59
“S28   4”   KALADHUNGI   60
“S28   4”   JASPUR   62
“S28   4”   KASHIPUR   63
“S28   4”   BAJPUR   64
“S28   4”   GADARPUR   65
“S28   4”   RUDRAPUR   66
“S28   4”   KICHHA   67
“S28   4”   SITARGANJ   68
“S28   4”   NANAK MATTA   69
“S28   4”   KHATIMA   70
UK   HARDWAR   “S28   5”   DHARAMPUR   18
“S28   5”   DOIWALA   23
“S28   5”   RISHIKESH   24
“S28   5”   HARDWAR   25
“S28   5”   B.H.E.L. RANIPUR   26
“S28   5”   JWALAPUR   27
“S28   5”   BHAGWANPUR   28
“S28   5”   JHABRERA   29
“S28   5”   PIRANKALIYAR   30
“S28   5”   ROORKEE   31
“S28   5”   KHANPUR   32
“S28   5”   MANGLORE   33
“S28   5”   LAKSAR   34
“S28   5”   HARDWAR RURAL   35
AN   ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS   “U01   1”   ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS   1
CH   CHANDIGARH   “U02   1”   CHANDIGARH   1
DN   DADAR & NAGAR HAVELI   “U03   1”   DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI   1
DD   DAMAN & DIU   “U04   1”   DAMAN AND DIU   1
DL   CHANDNI CHOWK   “U05   1”   ADARSH NAGAR   4
“U05   1”   SHALIMAR BAGH   14
“U05   1”   SHAKUR BASTI   15
“U05   1”   TRI NAGAR   16
“U05   1”   WAZIRPUR   17
“U05   1”   MODEL TOWN   18
“U05   1”   SADAR BAZAR   19
“U05   1”   CHANDNI CHOWK   20
“U05   1”   MATIA MAHAL   21
“U05   1”   BALLIMARAN   22
DL   NORTH EAST DELHI   “U05   2”   BURARI   2
“U05   2”   TIMARPUR   3
“U05   2”   SEEMA PURI   63
“U05   2”   ROHTAS NAGAR   64
“U05   2”   SEELAMPUR   65
“U05   2”   GHONDA   66
“U05   2”   BABARPUR   67
“U05   2”   GOKALPUR   68
“U05   2”   MUSTAFABAD   69
“U05   2”   KARAWAL NAGAR   70
DL   EAST DELHI   “U05   3”   JANGPURA   41
“U05   3”   OKHLA   54
“U05   3”   TRILOKPURI   55
“U05   3”   KONDLI   56
“U05   3”   PATPARGANJ   57
“U05   3”   LAXMI NAGAR   58
“U05   3”   VISHWAS NAGAR   59
“U05   3”   KRISHNA NAGAR   60
“U05   3”   GANDHI NAGAR   61
“U05   3”   SHAHDARA   62
DL   NEW DELHI   “U05   4”   KAROL BAGH   23
“U05   4”   PATEL NAGAR   24
“U05   4”   MOTI NAGAR   25
“U05   4”   DELHI CANTT   38
“U05   4”   RAJINDER NAGAR   39
“U05   4”   NEW DELHI   40
“U05   4”   KASTURBA NAGAR   42
“U05   4”   MALVIYA NAGAR   43
“U05   4”   R. K. PURAM   44
“U05   4”   GREATER KAILASH   50
DL   NORTH WEST DELHI   “U05   5”   NERELA   1
“U05   5”   BADLI   5
“U05   5”   RITHALA   6
“U05   5”   BAWANA   7
“U05   5”   MUNDKA   8
“U05   5”   KIRARI   9
“U05   5”   SULTANPUR MAJRA   10
“U05   5”   NANGLOI JAT   11
“U05   5”   MANGOL PURI   12
“U05   5”   ROHINI   13
DL   WEST DELHI   “U05   6”   MADIPUR   26
“U05   6”   RAJOURI GARDEN   27
“U05   6”   HARI NAGAR   28
“U05   6”   TILAK NAGAR   29
“U05   6”   JANAKPURI   30
“U05   6”   VIKASPURI   31
“U05   6”   UTTAM NAGAR   32
“U05   6”   DWARKA   33
“U05   6”   MATIALA   34
“U05   6”   NAJAFGARH   35
DL   SOUTH DELHI   “U05   7”   BIJWASAN   36
“U05   7”   PALAM   37
“U05   7”   MEHRAULI   45
“U05   7”   CHHATARPUR   46
“U05   7”   DEOLI   47
“U05   7”   AMBEDKAR NAGAR   48
“U05   7”   SANGAM VIHAR   49
“U05   7”   KALKAJI   51
“U05   7”   TUGHLAKABAD   52
“U05   7”   BADARPUR   53
LD   LAKSHADWEEP   “U06   1”   LAKSHADWEEP   1
PY   PUDUCHERRY   “U07   1”   MANNADIPET   1
“U07   1”   THIRUBUVANAI   2
“U07   1”   OUSSUDU   3
“U07   1”   MANGALAM   4
“U07   1”   VILLIANUR   5
“U07   1”   OZHUKARAI   6
“U07   1”   KADIRGAMAM   7
“U07   1”   INDIRA NAGAR   8
“U07   1”   THATTANCHAVADY   9
“U07   1”   KAMARAJ NAGAR   10
“U07   1”   LAWSPET   11
“U07   1”   KALAPET   12
“U07   1”   MUTHIALPET   13
“U07   1”   RAJ BHAVAN   14
“U07   1”   OUPALAM   15
“U07   1”   ORLEANPETH   16
“U07   1”   NELLITHOPE   17
“U07   1”   MUDALIARPET   18
“U07   1”   ARIANKUPPAM   19
“U07   1”   MANAVELY   20
“U07   1”   EMBALAM   21
“U07   1”   NETTPAKKAM   22
“U07   1”   BAHOUR   23
“U07   1”   NEDUNGADU   24
“U07   1”   THIRUNALLAR   25
“U07   1”   KARAIKAL NORTH   26
“U07   1”   KARAIKAL SOUTH   27
“U07   1”   NERAVY T.R. PATTINAM   28
“U07   1”   MAHE   29
“U07   1”   YANAM   30

Posted in 15th Lok Sabha, Academic research, Democracy, Elections, India's 2009 General Election, India's constitutional politics, India's Democracy, India's Lok Sabha, India's Parliament, India's State Assembly Constituencies, Parliamentary Constituencies, Political Science, Voting. Leave a Comment »

India’s 2009 General Elections: 467 constituencies (out of 543) for which candidates have been announced as of 1700hrs April 21

April 21, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

S01   1   16-Apr-09   AP   ADILABAD
S01   2   16-Apr-09   AP   PEDDAPALLE
S01   3   16-Apr-09   AP   KARIMNAGAR
S01   4   16-Apr-09   AP   NIZAMABAD
S01   5   16-Apr-09   AP   ZAHIRABAD
S01   6   16-Apr-09   AP   MEDAK
S01   7   16-Apr-09   AP   MALKAJGIRI
S01   8   16-Apr-09   AP   SECUNDRABAD
S01   9   16-Apr-09   AP   HYDERABAD
S01   10   16-Apr-09   AP   CHELVELLA
S01   11   16-Apr-09   AP   MAHBUBNAGAR
S01   12   16-Apr-09   AP   NAGARKURNOOL
S01   13   16-Apr-09   AP   NALGONDA
S01   14   16-Apr-09   AP   BHONGIR
S01   15   16-Apr-09   AP   WARANGAL
S01   16   16-Apr-09   AP   MAHABUBABAD
S01   17   16-Apr-09   AP   KHAMMAM
S01   18   16-Apr-09   AP   ARUKU
S01   19   16-Apr-09   AP   SRIKAKULAM
S01   20   16-Apr-09   AP   VIZIANAGARAM
S01   21   16-Apr-09   AP   VISAKHAPATNAM
S01   22   16-Apr-09   AP   ANAKAPALLI
S01   23   23-Apr-09   AP   KAKINADA
S01   24   23-Apr-09   AP   AMALAPURAM
S01   25   23-Apr-09   AP   RAJAHMUNDRY
S01   26   23-Apr-09   AP   NARSAPURAM
S01   27   23-Apr-09   AP   ELURU
S01   28   23-Apr-09   AP   MACHILIPATNAM
S01   29   23-Apr-09   AP   VIJAYAWADA
S01   30   23-Apr-09   AP   GUNTUR
S01   31   23-Apr-09   AP   NARASARAOPET
S01   32   23-Apr-09   AP   BAPATLA
S01   33   23-Apr-09   AP   ONGOLE
S01   34   23-Apr-09   AP   NANDYAL
S01   35   23-Apr-09   AP   KURNOOL
S01   36   23-Apr-09   AP   ANANTAPUR
S01   37   23-Apr-09   AP   HINDUPUR
S01   38   23-Apr-09   AP   KADAPA
S01   39   23-Apr-09   AP   NELLORE
S01   40   23-Apr-09   AP   TIRUPATI
S01   41   23-Apr-09   AP   RAJAMPET
S01   42   23-Apr-09   AP   CHITTOOR
S02   1   16-Apr-09   AR   ARUNACHAL WEST
S02   2   16-Apr-09   AR   ARUNACHAL EAST
S03   1   16-Apr-09   AS   KARIMGANJ
S03   2   16-Apr-09   AS   SILCHAR
S03   3   16-Apr-09   AS   AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT
S03   4   23-Apr-09   AS   DHUBRI
S03   5   23-Apr-09   AS   KOKRAJHAR
S03   6   23-Apr-09   AS   BARPETA
S03   7   23-Apr-09   AS   GAUHATI
S03   8   23-Apr-09   AS   MANGALDOI
S03   9   23-Apr-09   AS   TEZPUR
S03   10   23-Apr-09   AS   NOWGONG
S03   11   23-Apr-09   AS   KALIABOR
S03   12   23-Apr-09   AS   JORHAT
S03   13   23-Apr-09   AS   DIBRUGARH
S03   14   23-Apr-09   AS   LAKHIMPUR
S04   1   23-Apr-09   BR   VALMIKI NAGAR
S04   2   23-Apr-09   BR   PASCHIM CHAMPARAN
S04   3   23-Apr-09   BR   PURVI CHAMPARAN
S04   4   23-Apr-09   BR   SHEOHAR
S04   5   23-Apr-09   BR   SITAMARHI
S04   6   23-Apr-09   BR   MADHUBANI
S04   7   23-Apr-09   BR   JHANJHARPUR
S04   8   30-Apr-09   BR   SUPAUL
S04   9   30-Apr-09   BR   ARARIA
S04   10   30-Apr-09   BR   KISHANGANJ
S04   11   30-Apr-09   BR   KATIHAR
S04   12   30-Apr-09   BR   PURNIA
S04   13   30-Apr-09   BR   MADHEPURA
S04   14   23-Apr-09   BR   DARBHANGA
S04   15   23-Apr-09   BR   MUZAFFARPUR
S04   16   23-Apr-09   BR   VAISHALI
S04   17   16-Apr-09   BR   GOPALGANJ
S04   18   16-Apr-09   BR   SIWAN
S04   19   16-Apr-09   BR   MAHARAJGANJ
S04   20   16-Apr-09   BR   SARAN
S04   21   23-Apr-09   BR   HAJIPUR
S04   22   23-Apr-09   BR   UJIARPUR
S04   23   23-Apr-09   BR   SAMASTIPUR
S04   24   30-Apr-09   BR   BEGUSARAI
S04   25   30-Apr-09   BR   KHAGARIA
S04   26   30-Apr-09   BR   BHAGALPUR
S04   27   30-Apr-09   BR   BANKA
S04   28   30-Apr-09   BR   MUNGER
S04   29   7-May-09   BR   NALANDA
S04   32   16-Apr-09   BR   ARRAH
S04   33   16-Apr-09   BR   BUXAR
S04   34   16-Apr-09   BR   SASARAM
S04   35   16-Apr-09   BR   KARAKAT
S04   36   16-Apr-09   BR   JAHANABAD
S04   37   16-Apr-09   BR   AURANGABAD
S04   38   16-Apr-09   BR   GAYA
S04   39   16-Apr-09   BR   NAWADA
S04   40   16-Apr-09   BR   JAMUI
S05   1   23-Apr-09   GA   NORTH GOA
S05   2   23-Apr-09   GA   SOUTH GOA
S06   1   30-Apr-09   GJ   KACHCHH
S06   2   30-Apr-09   GJ   BANASKANTHA
S06   3   30-Apr-09   GJ   PATAN
S06   4   30-Apr-09   GJ   MAHESANA
S06   5   30-Apr-09   GJ   SABARKANTHA
S06   6   30-Apr-09   GJ   GANDHINAGAR
S06   7   30-Apr-09   GJ   AHMEDABAD EAST
S06   8   30-Apr-09   GJ   AHMEDABAD WEST
S06   9   30-Apr-09   GJ   SURENDRANAGAR
S06   10   30-Apr-09   GJ   RAJKOT
S06   11   30-Apr-09   GJ   PORBANDAR
S06   12   30-Apr-09   GJ   JAMNAGAR
S06   13   30-Apr-09   GJ   JUNAGADH
S06   14   30-Apr-09   GJ   AMRELI
S06   15   30-Apr-09   GJ   BHAVNAGAR
S06   16   30-Apr-09   GJ   ANAND
S06   17   30-Apr-09   GJ   KHEDA
S06   18   30-Apr-09   GJ   PANCHMAHAL
S06   19   30-Apr-09   GJ   DAHOD
S06   20   30-Apr-09   GJ   VADODARA
S06   21   30-Apr-09   GJ   CHHOTA UDAIPUR
S06   22   30-Apr-09   GJ   BHARUCH
S06   23   30-Apr-09   GJ   BARDOLI
S06   24   30-Apr-09   GJ   SURAT
S06   25   30-Apr-09   GJ   NAVSARI
S06   26   30-Apr-09   GJ   VALSAD
S07   1   7-May-09   HR   AMBALA
S07   2   7-May-09   HR   KURUKSHETRA
S07   3   7-May-09   HR   SIRSA
S07   4   7-May-09   HR   HISAR
S07   5   7-May-09   HR   KARNAL
S07   6   7-May-09   HR   SONIPAT
S07   7   7-May-09   HR   ROHTAK
S07   8   7-May-09   HR   BHIWANI-MAHENDRAGARH
S07   9   7-May-09   HR   GURGAON
S07   10   7-May-09   HR   FARIDABAD
S08   2   13-May-09   HP   MANDI
S08   3   13-May-09   HP   HAMIRPUR
S08   4   13-May-09   HP   SHIMLA
S09   2   7-May-09   JK   SRINAGAR
S09   3   30-Apr-09   JK   ANANTNAG
S09   5   23-Apr-09   JK   UDHAMPUR
S09   6   16-Apr-09   JK   JAMMU
S10   1   23-Apr-09   KA   CHIKKODI
S10   2   23-Apr-09   KA   BELGAUM
S10   3   30-Apr-09   KA   BAGALKOT
S10   4   23-Apr-09   KA   BIJAPUR
S10   5   23-Apr-09   KA   GULBARGA
S10   6   23-Apr-09   KA   RAICHUR
S10   7   23-Apr-09   KA   BIDAR
S10   8   23-Apr-09   KA   KOPPAL
S10   9   23-Apr-09   KA   BELLARY
S10   10   30-Apr-09   KA   HAVERI
S10   11   30-Apr-09   KA   DHARWAD
S10   12   23-Apr-09   KA   UTTARA KANNADA
S10   13   30-Apr-09   KA   DAVANAGERE
S10   14   30-Apr-09   KA   SHIMOGA
S10   15   30-Apr-09   KA   UDUPI CHIKMAGALUR
S10   16   30-Apr-09   KA   HASSAN
S10   17   30-Apr-09   KA   DAKSHINA KANNADA
S10   18   23-Apr-09   KA   CHITRADURGA
S10   19   23-Apr-09   KA   TUMKUR
S10   20   30-Apr-09   KA   MANDYA
S10   21   30-Apr-09   KA   MYSORE
S10   22   30-Apr-09   KA   CHAMARAJANAGAR
S10   23   23-Apr-09   KA   BANGALORE RURAL
S10   24   23-Apr-09   KA   BANGALORE NORTH
S10   25   23-Apr-09   KA   BANGALORE CENTRAL
S10   26   23-Apr-09   KA   BANGALORE SOUTH
S10   27   23-Apr-09   KA   CHIKKBALLAPUR
S10   28   23-Apr-09   KA   KOLAR
S11   1   16-Apr-09   KL   KASARAGOD
S11   2   16-Apr-09   KL   KANNUR
S11   3   16-Apr-09   KL   VADAKARA
S11   4   16-Apr-09   KL   WAYANAD
S11   5   16-Apr-09   KL   KOZHIKODE
S11   6   16-Apr-09   KL   MALAPPURAM
S11   7   16-Apr-09   KL   PONNANI
S11   8   16-Apr-09   KL   PALAKKAD
S11   9   16-Apr-09   KL   ALATHUR
S11   10   16-Apr-09   KL   THRISSUR
S11   11   16-Apr-09   KL   CHALAKUDY
S11   12   16-Apr-09   KL   ERNAKULAM
S11   13   16-Apr-09   KL   IDUKKI
S11   14   16-Apr-09   KL   KOTTAYAM
S11   15   16-Apr-09   KL   ALAPPUZHA
S11   16   16-Apr-09   KL   MAVELIKKARA
S11   17   16-Apr-09   KL   PATHANAMTHITTA
S11   18   16-Apr-09   KL   KOLLAM
S11   19   16-Apr-09   KL   ATTINGAL
S11   20   16-Apr-09   KL   THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
S12   1   30-Apr-09   MP   MORENA
S12   2   30-Apr-09   MP   BHIND
S12   3   30-Apr-09   MP   GWALIOR
S12   4   30-Apr-09   MP   GUNA
S12   5   30-Apr-09   MP   SAGAR
S12   6   30-Apr-09   MP   TIKAMGARH
S12   7   30-Apr-09   MP   DAMOH
S12   8   23-Apr-09   MP   KHAJURAHO
S12   9   23-Apr-09   MP   SATNA
S12   10   23-Apr-09   MP   REWA
S12   11   23-Apr-09   MP   SIDHI
S12   12   23-Apr-09   MP   SHAHDOL
S12   13   23-Apr-09   MP   JABALPUR
S12   14   23-Apr-09   MP   MANDLA
S12   15   23-Apr-09   MP   BALAGHAT
S12   16   23-Apr-09   MP   CHHINDWARA
S12   17   23-Apr-09   MP   HOSHANGABAD
S12   18   23-Apr-09   MP   VIDISHA
S12   19   23-Apr-09   MP   BHOPAL
S12   20   30-Apr-09   MP   RAJGARH
S12   21   30-Apr-09   MP   DEWAS
S12   22   30-Apr-09   MP   UJJAIN
S12   23   30-Apr-09   MP   MANDSOUR
S12   24   30-Apr-09   MP   RATLAM
S12   25   30-Apr-09   MP   DHAR
S12   26   30-Apr-09   MP   INDORE
S12   27   30-Apr-09   MP   KHARGONE
S12   28   30-Apr-09   MP   KHANDWA
S12   29   23-Apr-09   MP   BETUL
S13   1   23-Apr-09   MH   NANDURBAR
S13   2   23-Apr-09   MH   DHULE
S13   3   23-Apr-09   MH   JALGAON
S13   4   23-Apr-09   MH   RAVER
S13   5   16-Apr-09   MH   BULDHANA
S13   6   16-Apr-09   MH   AKOLA
S13   7   16-Apr-09   MH   AMRAVATI
S13   8   16-Apr-09   MH   WARDHA
S13   9   16-Apr-09   MH   RAMTEK
S13   10   16-Apr-09   MH   NAGPUR
S13   11   16-Apr-09   MH   BHANDARA – GONDIYA
S13   12   16-Apr-09   MH   GADCHIROLI-CHIMUR
S13   13   16-Apr-09   MH   CHANDRAPUR
S13   14   16-Apr-09   MH   YAVATMAL-WASHIM
S13   15   16-Apr-09   MH   HINGOLI
S13   16   16-Apr-09   MH   NANDED
S13   17   16-Apr-09   MH   PARBHANI
S13   18   23-Apr-09   MH   JALNA
S13   19   23-Apr-09   MH   AURANGABAD
S13   20   23-Apr-09   MH   DINDORI
S13   21   23-Apr-09   MH   NASHIK
S13   22   30-Apr-09   MH   PALGHAR
S13   23   30-Apr-09   MH   BHIWANDI
S13   24   30-Apr-09   MH   KALYAN
S13   25   30-Apr-09   MH   THANE
S13   26   30-Apr-09   MH   MUMBAI NORTH
S13   27   30-Apr-09   MH   MUMBAI NORTH WEST
S13   28   30-Apr-09   MH   MUMBAI NORTH EAST
S13   29   30-Apr-09   MH   MUMBAI NORTH CENTRAL
S13   30   30-Apr-09   MH   MUMBAI SOUTH CENTRAL
S13   31   30-Apr-09   MH   MUMBAI SOUTH
S13   32   23-Apr-09   MH   RAIGAD
S13   33   23-Apr-09   MH   MAVAL
S13   34   23-Apr-09   MH   PUNE
S13   35   23-Apr-09   MH   BARAMATI
S13   36   23-Apr-09   MH   SHIRUR
S13   37   23-Apr-09   MH   AHMADNAGAR
S13   38   23-Apr-09   MH   SHIRDI
S13   39   23-Apr-09   MH   BEED
S13   40   23-Apr-09   MH   OSMANABAD
S13   41   23-Apr-09   MH   LATUR
S13   42   23-Apr-09   MH   SOLAPUR
S13   43   23-Apr-09   MH   MADHA
S13   44   23-Apr-09   MH   SANGLI
S13   45   23-Apr-09   MH   SATARA
S13   46   23-Apr-09   MH   RATNAGIRI – SINDHUDURG
S13   47   23-Apr-09   MH   KOLHAPUR
S13   48   23-Apr-09   MH   HATKANANGLE
S14   1   22-Apr-09   MN   INNER MANIPUR
S14   2   16-Apr-09   MN   OUTER MANIPUR
S15   1   16-Apr-09   ML   SHILLONG
S15   2   16-Apr-09   ML   TURA
S16   1   16-Apr-09   MZ   MIZORAM
S17   1   16-Apr-09   NL   NAGALAND
S18   1   16-Apr-09   OR   BARGARH
S18   2   16-Apr-09   OR   SUNDARGARH
S18   3   16-Apr-09   OR   SAMBALPUR
S18   4   23-Apr-09   OR   KEONJHAR
S18   5   23-Apr-09   OR   MAYURBHANJ
S18   6   23-Apr-09   OR   BALASORE
S18   7   23-Apr-09   OR   BHADRAK
S18   8   23-Apr-09   OR   JAJPUR
S18   9   23-Apr-09   OR   DHENKANAL
S18   10   16-Apr-09   OR   BOLANGIR
S18   11   16-Apr-09   OR   KALAHANDI
S18   12   16-Apr-09   OR   NABARANGPUR
S18   13   16-Apr-09   OR   KANDHAMAL
S18   14   23-Apr-09   OR   CUTTACK
S18   15   23-Apr-09   OR   KENDRAPARA
S18   16   23-Apr-09   OR   JAGATSINGHPUR
S18   17   23-Apr-09   OR   PURI
S18   18   23-Apr-09   OR   BHUBANESWAR
S18   19   16-Apr-09   OR   ASKA
S18   20   16-Apr-09   OR   BERHAMPUR
S18   21   16-Apr-09   OR   KORAPUT
S19   1   13-May-09   PB   GURDASPUR
S19   2   13-May-09   PB   AMRITSAR
S19   4   13-May-09   PB   JALANDHAR
S19   5   13-May-09   PB   HOSHIARPUR
S19   6   13-May-09   PB   ANANDPUR SAHIB
S19   7   13-May-09   PB   LUDHIANA
S19   8   13-May-09   PB   FATEHGARH SAHIB
S19   9   13-May-09   PB   FARIDKOT
S19   10   7-May-09   PB   FEROZPUR
S19   11   7-May-09   PB   BATHINDA
S19   12   7-May-09   PB   SANGRUR
S19   13   7-May-09   PB   PATIALA
S20   1   7-May-09   RJ   GANGANAGAR
S20   2   7-May-09   RJ   BIKANER
S20   3   7-May-09   RJ   CHURU
S20   4   7-May-09   RJ   JHUNJHUNU
S20   5   7-May-09   RJ   SIKAR
S20   6   7-May-09   RJ   JAIPUR RURAL
S20   7   7-May-09   RJ   JAIPUR
S20   8   7-May-09   RJ   ALWAR
S20   9   7-May-09   RJ   BHARATPUR
S20   10   7-May-09   RJ   KARAULI-DHOLPUR
S20   11   7-May-09   RJ   DAUSA
S20   12   7-May-09   RJ   TONK-SAWAI MADHOPUR
S20   13   7-May-09   RJ   AJMER
S20   14   7-May-09   RJ   NAGAUR
S20   15   7-May-09   RJ   PALI
S20   16   7-May-09   RJ   JODHPUR
S20   17   7-May-09   RJ   BARMER
S20   18   7-May-09   RJ   JALORE
S20   19   7-May-09   RJ   UDAIPUR
S20   20   7-May-09   RJ   BANSWARA
S20   21   7-May-09   RJ   CHITTORGARH
S20   22   7-May-09   RJ   RAJSAMAND
S20   23   7-May-09   RJ   BHILWARA
S20   24   7-May-09   RJ   KOTA
S20   25   7-May-09   RJ   JHALAWAR-BARAN
S21   1   30-Apr-09   SK   SIKKIM
S23   1   23-Apr-09   TR   TRIPURA WEST
S23   2   23-Apr-09   TR   TRIPURA EAST
S24   2   7-May-09   UP   KAIRANA
S24   3   7-May-09   UP   MUZAFFARNAGAR
S24   10   7-May-09   UP   MEERUT
S24   11   7-May-09   UP   BAGHPAT
S24   13   7-May-09   UP   GAUTAM BUDDH NAGAR
S24   14   7-May-09   UP   BULANDSHAHR
S24   15   7-May-09   UP   ALIGARH
S24   17   7-May-09   UP   MATHURA
S24   18   7-May-09   UP   AGRA
S24   19   7-May-09   UP   FATEHPUR SIKRI
S24   21   7-May-09   UP   MAINPURI
S24   22   7-May-09   UP   ETAH
S24   30   30-Apr-09   UP   SITAPUR
S24   31   30-Apr-09   UP   HARDOI
S24   32   30-Apr-09   UP   MISRIKH
S24   33   30-Apr-09   UP   UNNAO
S24   34   30-Apr-09   UP   MOHANLALGANJ
S24   35   30-Apr-09   UP   LUCKNOW
S24   36   30-Apr-09   UP   RAE BARELI
S24   37   23-Apr-09   UP   AMETHI
S24   38   23-Apr-09   UP   SULTANPUR
S24   39   23-Apr-09   UP   PRATAPGARH
S24   40   7-May-09   UP   FARRUKHABAD
S24   41   7-May-09   UP   ETAWAH
S24   42   7-May-09   UP   KANNAUJ
S24   43   30-Apr-09   UP   KANPUR
S24   44   30-Apr-09   UP   AKBARPUR
S24   45   30-Apr-09   UP   JALAUN
S24   46   30-Apr-09   UP   JHANSI
S24   47   30-Apr-09   UP   HAMIRPUR
S24   48   23-Apr-09   UP   BANDA
S24   49   30-Apr-09   UP   FATEHPUR
S24   50   23-Apr-09   UP   KAUSHAMBI
S24   51   23-Apr-09   UP   PHULPUR
S24   52   23-Apr-09   UP   ALLAHABAD
S24   53   30-Apr-09   UP   BARABANKI
S24   54   23-Apr-09   UP   FAIZABAD
S24   55   23-Apr-09   UP   AMBEDKAR NAGAR
S24   56   30-Apr-09   UP   BAHRAICH
S24   57   23-Apr-09   UP   KAISERGANJ
S24   58   23-Apr-09   UP   SHRAWASTI
S24   59   23-Apr-09   UP   GONDA
S24   60   23-Apr-09   UP   DOMARIYAGANJ
S24   61   23-Apr-09   UP   BASTI
S24   62   23-Apr-09   UP   SANT KABIR NAGAR
S24   63   16-Apr-09   UP   MAHARAJGANJ
S24   64   16-Apr-09   UP   GORAKHPUR
S24   65   16-Apr-09   UP   KUSHI NAGAR
S24   66   16-Apr-09   UP   DEORIA
S24   67   16-Apr-09   UP   BANSGAON
S24   68   16-Apr-09   UP   LALGANJ
S24   69   16-Apr-09   UP   AZAMGARH
S24   70   16-Apr-09   UP   GHOSI
S24   71   16-Apr-09   UP   SALEMPUR
S24   72   16-Apr-09   UP   BALLIA
S24   73   23-Apr-09   UP   JAUNPUR
S24   74   16-Apr-09   UP   MACHHLISHAHR
S24   75   16-Apr-09   UP   GHAZIPUR
S24   76   16-Apr-09   UP   CHANDAULI
S24   77   16-Apr-09   UP   VARANASI
S24   78   23-Apr-09   UP   BHADOHI
S24   79   16-Apr-09   UP   MIRZAPUR
S24   80   16-Apr-09   UP   ROBERTSGANJ
S25   1   30-Apr-09   WB   COOCH BEHAR
S25   2   30-Apr-09   WB   ALIPURDUARS
S25   3   30-Apr-09   WB   JALPAIGURI
S25   4   30-Apr-09   WB   DARJEELING
S25   5   30-Apr-09   WB   RAIGANJ
S25   6   30-Apr-09   WB   BALURGHAT
S25   7   30-Apr-09   WB   MALDAHA UTTAR
S25   8   30-Apr-09   WB   MALDAHA DAKSHIN
S25   9   7-May-09   WB   JANGIPUR
S25   10   7-May-09   WB   BAHARAMPUR
S25   11   7-May-09   WB   MURSHIDABAD
S25   12   7-May-09   WB   KRISHNANAGAR
S25   13   7-May-09   WB   RANAGHAT
S25   14   13-May-09   WB   BANGAON
S25   15   13-May-09   WB   BARRACKPORE
S25   16   13-May-09   WB   DUM DUM
S25   17   13-May-09   WB   BARASAT
S25   18   13-May-09   WB   BASIRHAT
S25   19   13-May-09   WB   JOYNAGAR
S25   20   13-May-09   WB   MATHURAPUR
S25   22   13-May-09   WB   JADAVPUR
S25   24   13-May-09   WB   KOLKATA UTTAR
S25   25   7-May-09   WB   HOWRAH
S25   26   7-May-09   WB   ULUBERIA
S25   27   7-May-09   WB   SRERAMPUR
S25   28   7-May-09   WB   HOOGHLY
S25   29   7-May-09   WB   ARAMBAGH
S25   30   7-May-09   WB   TAMLUK
S25   31   7-May-09   WB   KANTHI
S25   32   30-Apr-09   WB   GHATAL
S25   33   30-Apr-09   WB   JHARGRAM
S25   34   30-Apr-09   WB   MEDINIPUR
S25   35   30-Apr-09   WB   PURULIA
S25   36   30-Apr-09   WB   BANKURA
S25   37   30-Apr-09   WB   BISHNUPUR
S25   38   7-May-09   WB   BARDHAMAN PURBA
S25   39   7-May-09   WB   BURDWAN – DURGAPUR
S25   40   7-May-09   WB   ASANSOL
S25   41   7-May-09   WB   BOLPUR
S25   42   7-May-09   WB   BIRBHUM
S26   1   16-Apr-09   CG   SARGUJA
S26   2   16-Apr-09   CG   RAIGARH
S26   3   16-Apr-09   CG   JANJGIR-CHAMPA
S26   4   16-Apr-09   CG   KORBA
S26   5   16-Apr-09   CG   BILASPUR
S26   6   16-Apr-09   CG   RAJNANDGAON
S26   7   16-Apr-09   CG   DURG
S26   8   16-Apr-09   CG   RAIPUR
S26   9   16-Apr-09   CG   MAHASAMUND
S26   10   16-Apr-09   CG   BASTAR
S26   11   16-Apr-09   CG   KANKER
S27   1   23-Apr-09   JH   RAJMAHAL
S27   2   23-Apr-09   JH   DUMKA
S27   3   23-Apr-09   JH   GODDA
S27   4   16-Apr-09   JH   CHATRA
S27   5   16-Apr-09   JH   KODARMA
S27   6   23-Apr-09   JH   GIRIDIH
S27   7   23-Apr-09   JH   DHANBAD
S27   8   23-Apr-09   JH   RANCHI
S27   9   23-Apr-09   JH   JAMSHEDPUR
S27   10   23-Apr-09   JH   SINGHBHUM
S27   11   16-Apr-09   JH   KHUNTI
S27   12   16-Apr-09   JH   LOHARDAGA
S27   13   16-Apr-09   JH   PALAMAU
S27   14   16-Apr-09   JH   HAZARIBAGH
S28   4   13-May-09   UK   NAINITAL-UDHAMSINGH NAGAR
U01   1   16-Apr-09   AN   ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS
U03   1   30-Apr-09   DN   DADAR & NAGAR HAVELI
U04   1   30-Apr-09   DD   DAMAN & DIU
U06   1   16-Apr-09   LD   LAKSHADWEEP
U07   1   13-May-09   PY   PUDUCHERRY

Posted in 15th Lok Sabha, Democracy, India's constitutional politics, India's Lok Sabha, India's Parliament, India's Polity, Voting. Leave a Comment »

Memo to the Election Commission of India April 14 2009, 9 AM

April 14, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

The Hon’ble Election Commission, Government of India
Dear Sirs,
I am glad to see the information your website has been providing to India’s public has improved slightly. But it remains woefully inadequate as a whole. Here is a list of the 382 constituencies for which you have, as of 0800 this morning, declared candidates. It is a list that merely required you to use Excel worksheets in an efficient manner. May we have a firm date by which all candidates for all 543 constituencies shall have been announced?

There are innumerable improvements to the working of our democracy that are possible to be discussed. For example, I see no logical reason why candidates for the 16th Lok Sabha may not seek to register themselves the day after the results of the 15th Lok Sabha come to be declared.

Once your staff have checked the processed data below against the raw data you provide, you are welcome to use my tables, preferably with acknowledgment. For convenience, a full list of all 543 constituencies follows the list of 382 constituencies you have announced as of this morning.

Sincerely

Subroto Roy

Constituency No       Poll Date   State/UT   Constituency Name
S01   1   16-Apr-09   AP   ADILABAD
S01   2   16-Apr-09   AP   PEDDAPALLE
S01   3   16-Apr-09   AP   KARIMNAGAR
S01   4   16-Apr-09   AP   NIZAMABAD
S01   5   16-Apr-09   AP   ZAHIRABAD
S01   6   16-Apr-09   AP   MEDAK
S01   7   16-Apr-09   AP   MALKAJGIRI
S01   8   16-Apr-09   AP   SECUNDRABAD
S01   9   16-Apr-09   AP   HYDERABAD
S01   10   16-Apr-09   AP   CHELVELLA
S01   11   16-Apr-09   AP   MAHBUBNAGAR
S01   12   16-Apr-09   AP   NAGARKURNOOL
S01   13   16-Apr-09   AP   NALGONDA
S01   14   16-Apr-09   AP   BHONGIR
S01   15   16-Apr-09   AP   WARANGAL
S01   16   16-Apr-09   AP   MAHABUBABAD
S01   17   16-Apr-09   AP   KHAMMAM
S01   18   16-Apr-09   AP   ARUKU
S01   19   16-Apr-09   AP   SRIKAKULAM
S01   20   16-Apr-09   AP   VIZIANAGARAM
S01   21   16-Apr-09   AP   VISAKHAPATNAM
S01   22   16-Apr-09   AP   ANAKAPALLI
S01   23   23-Apr-09   AP   KAKINADA
S01   24   23-Apr-09   AP   AMALAPURAM
S01   25   23-Apr-09   AP   RAJAHMUNDRY
S01   26   23-Apr-09   AP   NARSAPURAM
S01   27   23-Apr-09   AP   ELURU
S01   28   23-Apr-09   AP   MACHILIPATNAM
S01   29   23-Apr-09   AP   VIJAYAWADA
S01   30   23-Apr-09   AP   GUNTUR
S01   31   23-Apr-09   AP   NARASARAOPET
S01   32   23-Apr-09   AP   BAPATLA
S01   33   23-Apr-09   AP   ONGOLE
S01   34   23-Apr-09   AP   NANDYAL
S01   35   23-Apr-09   AP   KURNOOL
S01   36   23-Apr-09   AP   ANANTAPUR
S01   37   23-Apr-09   AP   HINDUPUR
S01   38   23-Apr-09   AP   KADAPA
S01   39   23-Apr-09   AP   NELLORE
S01   40   23-Apr-09   AP   TIRUPATI
S01   41   23-Apr-09   AP   RAJAMPET
S01   42   23-Apr-09   AP   CHITTOOR
S02   1   16-Apr-09   AR   ARUNACHAL WEST
S02   2   16-Apr-09   AR   ARUNACHAL EAST
S03   1   16-Apr-09   AS   KARIMGANJ
S03   2   16-Apr-09   AS   SILCHAR
S03   3   16-Apr-09   AS   AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT
S03   4   23-Apr-09   AS   DHUBRI
S03   5   23-Apr-09   AS   KOKRAJHAR
S03   6   23-Apr-09   AS   BARPETA
S03   7   23-Apr-09   AS   GAUHATI
S03   8   23-Apr-09   AS   MANGALDOI
S03   9   23-Apr-09   AS   TEZPUR
S03   10   23-Apr-09   AS   NOWGONG
S03   11   23-Apr-09   AS   KALIABOR
S03   12   23-Apr-09   AS   JORHAT
S03   13   23-Apr-09   AS   DIBRUGARH
S03   14   23-Apr-09   AS   LAKHIMPUR
S04   1   23-Apr-09   BR   VALMIKI NAGAR
S04   2   23-Apr-09   BR   PASCHIM CHAMPARAN
S04   3   23-Apr-09   BR   PURVI CHAMPARAN
S04   4   23-Apr-09   BR   SHEOHAR
S04   5   23-Apr-09   BR   SITAMARHI
S04   6   23-Apr-09   BR   MADHUBANI
S04   7   23-Apr-09   BR   JHANJHARPUR
S04   11   30-Apr-09   BR   KATIHAR
S04   12   30-Apr-09   BR   PURNIA
S04   13   30-Apr-09   BR   MADHEPURA
S04   14   23-Apr-09   BR   DARBHANGA
S04   15   23-Apr-09   BR   MUZAFFARPUR
S04   16   23-Apr-09   BR   VAISHALI
S04   17   16-Apr-09   BR   GOPALGANJ
S04   18   16-Apr-09   BR   SIWAN
S04   19   16-Apr-09   BR   MAHARAJGANJ
S04   20   16-Apr-09   BR   SARAN
S04   21   23-Apr-09   BR   HAJIPUR
S04   22   23-Apr-09   BR   UJIARPUR
S04   23   23-Apr-09   BR   SAMASTIPUR
S04   25   30-Apr-09   BR   KHAGARIA
S04   27   30-Apr-09   BR   BANKA
S04   28   30-Apr-09   BR   MUNGER
S04   32   16-Apr-09   BR   ARRAH
S04   33   16-Apr-09   BR   BUXAR
S04   34   16-Apr-09   BR   SASARAM
S04   35   16-Apr-09   BR   KARAKAT
S04   36   16-Apr-09   BR   JAHANABAD
S04   37   16-Apr-09   BR   AURANGABAD
S04   38   16-Apr-09   BR   GAYA
S04   39   16-Apr-09   BR   NAWADA
S04   40   16-Apr-09   BR   JAMUI
S05   1   23-Apr-09   GA   NORTH GOA
S05   2   23-Apr-09   GA   SOUTH GOA
S06   1   30-Apr-09   GJ   KACHCHH
S06   2   30-Apr-09   GJ   BANASKANTHA
S06   3   30-Apr-09   GJ   PATAN
S06   4   30-Apr-09   GJ   MAHESANA
S06   5   30-Apr-09   GJ   SABARKANTHA
S06   6   30-Apr-09   GJ   GANDHINAGAR
S06   7   30-Apr-09   GJ   AHMEDABAD EAST
S06   8   30-Apr-09   GJ   AHMEDABAD WEST
S06   9   30-Apr-09   GJ   SURENDRANAGAR
S06   10   30-Apr-09   GJ   RAJKOT
S06   11   30-Apr-09   GJ   PORBANDAR
S06   12   30-Apr-09   GJ   JAMNAGAR
S06   13   30-Apr-09   GJ   JUNAGADH
S06   14   30-Apr-09   GJ   AMRELI
S06   15   30-Apr-09   GJ   BHAVNAGAR
S06   16   30-Apr-09   GJ   ANAND
S06   17   30-Apr-09   GJ   KHEDA
S06   18   30-Apr-09   GJ   PANCHMAHAL
S06   19   30-Apr-09   GJ   DAHOD
S06   20   30-Apr-09   GJ   VADODARA
S06   21   30-Apr-09   GJ   CHHOTA UDAIPUR
S06   22   30-Apr-09   GJ   BHARUCH
S06   23   30-Apr-09   GJ   BARDOLI
S06   24   30-Apr-09   GJ   SURAT
S06   25   30-Apr-09   GJ   NAVSARI
S06   26   30-Apr-09   GJ   VALSAD
S07   2   7-May-09   HR   KURUKSHETRA
S07   6   7-May-09   HR   SONIPAT
S07   9   7-May-09   HR   GURGAON
S07   10   7-May-09   HR   FARIDABAD
S09   5   23-Apr-09   JK   UDHAMPUR
S09   6   16-Apr-09   JK   JAMMU
S10   1   23-Apr-09   KA   CHIKKODI
S10   2   23-Apr-09   KA   BELGAUM
S10   3   30-Apr-09   KA   BAGALKOT
S10   4   23-Apr-09   KA   BIJAPUR
S10   5   23-Apr-09   KA   GULBARGA
S10   6   23-Apr-09   KA   RAICHUR
S10   7   23-Apr-09   KA   BIDAR
S10   8   23-Apr-09   KA   KOPPAL
S10   9   23-Apr-09   KA   BELLARY
S10   10   30-Apr-09   KA   HAVERI
S10   11   30-Apr-09   KA   DHARWAD
S10   12   23-Apr-09   KA   UTTARA KANNADA
S10   13   30-Apr-09   KA   DAVANAGERE
S10   14   30-Apr-09   KA   SHIMOGA
S10   15   30-Apr-09   KA   UDUPI CHIKMAGALUR
S10   16   30-Apr-09   KA   HASSAN
S10   18   23-Apr-09   KA   CHITRADURGA
S10   19   23-Apr-09   KA   TUMKUR
S10   20   30-Apr-09   KA   MANDYA
S10   21   30-Apr-09   KA   MYSORE
S10   22   30-Apr-09   KA   CHAMARAJANAGAR
S10   23   23-Apr-09   KA   BANGALORE RURAL
S10   24   23-Apr-09   KA   BANGALORE NORTH
S10   25   23-Apr-09   KA   BANGALORE CENTRAL
S10   26   23-Apr-09   KA   BANGALORE SOUTH
S10   27   23-Apr-09   KA   CHIKKBALLAPUR
S10   28   23-Apr-09   KA   KOLAR
S11   1   16-Apr-09   KL   KASARAGOD
S11   2   16-Apr-09   KL   KANNUR
S11   3   16-Apr-09   KL   VADAKARA
S11   4   16-Apr-09   KL   WAYANAD
S11   5   16-Apr-09   KL   KOZHIKODE
S11   6   16-Apr-09   KL   MALAPPURAM
S11   7   16-Apr-09   KL   PONNANI
S11   8   16-Apr-09   KL   PALAKKAD
S11   9   16-Apr-09   KL   ALATHUR
S11   10   16-Apr-09   KL   THRISSUR
S11   11   16-Apr-09   KL   CHALAKUDY
S11   12   16-Apr-09   KL   ERNAKULAM
S11   13   16-Apr-09   KL   IDUKKI
S11   14   16-Apr-09   KL   KOTTAYAM
S11   15   16-Apr-09   KL   ALAPPUZHA
S11   16   16-Apr-09   KL   MAVELIKKARA
S11   17   16-Apr-09   KL   PATHANAMTHITTA
S11   18   16-Apr-09   KL   KOLLAM
S11   19   16-Apr-09   KL   ATTINGAL
S11   20   16-Apr-09   KL   THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
S12   1   30-Apr-09   MP   MORENA
S12   2   30-Apr-09   MP   BHIND
S12   3   30-Apr-09   MP   GWALIOR
S12   4   30-Apr-09   MP   GUNA
S12   7   30-Apr-09   MP   DAMOH
S12   8   23-Apr-09   MP   KHAJURAHO
S12   9   23-Apr-09   MP   SATNA
S12   10   23-Apr-09   MP   REWA
S12   11   23-Apr-09   MP   SIDHI
S12   12   23-Apr-09   MP   SHAHDOL
S12   13   23-Apr-09   MP   JABALPUR
S12   14   23-Apr-09   MP   MANDLA
S12   15   23-Apr-09   MP   BALAGHAT
S12   16   23-Apr-09   MP   CHHINDWARA
S12   17   23-Apr-09   MP   HOSHANGABAD
S12   18   23-Apr-09   MP   VIDISHA
S12   19   23-Apr-09   MP   BHOPAL
S12   22   30-Apr-09   MP   UJJAIN
S12   23   30-Apr-09   MP   MANDSOUR
S12   25   30-Apr-09   MP   DHAR
S12   27   30-Apr-09   MP   KHARGONE
S12   29   23-Apr-09   MP   BETUL
S13   1   23-Apr-09   MH   NANDURBAR
S13   2   23-Apr-09   MH   DHULE
S13   3   23-Apr-09   MH   JALGAON
S13   4   23-Apr-09   MH   RAVER
S13   5   16-Apr-09   MH   BULDHANA
S13   6   16-Apr-09   MH   AKOLA
S13   7   16-Apr-09   MH   AMRAVATI
S13   8   16-Apr-09   MH   WARDHA
S13   9   16-Apr-09   MH   RAMTEK
S13   10   16-Apr-09   MH   NAGPUR
S13   11   16-Apr-09   MH   BHANDARA – GONDIYA
S13   12   16-Apr-09   MH   GADCHIROLI-CHIMUR
S13   13   16-Apr-09   MH   CHANDRAPUR
S13   14   16-Apr-09   MH   YAVATMAL-WASHIM
S13   15   16-Apr-09   MH   HINGOLI
S13   16   16-Apr-09   MH   NANDED
S13   17   16-Apr-09   MH   PARBHANI
S13   18   23-Apr-09   MH   JALNA
S13   19   23-Apr-09   MH   AURANGABAD
S13   20   23-Apr-09   MH   DINDORI
S13   21   23-Apr-09   MH   NASHIK
S13   22   30-Apr-09   MH   PALGHAR
S13   23   30-Apr-09   MH   BHIWANDI
S13   25   30-Apr-09   MH   THANE
S13   27   30-Apr-09   MH   MUMBAI NORTH WEST
S13   30   30-Apr-09   MH   MUMBAI SOUTH CENTRAL
S13   31   30-Apr-09   MH   MUMBAI SOUTH
S13   32   23-Apr-09   MH   RAIGAD
S13   33   23-Apr-09   MH   MAVAL
S13   34   23-Apr-09   MH   PUNE
S13   35   23-Apr-09   MH   BARAMATI
S13   36   23-Apr-09   MH   SHIRUR
S13   37   23-Apr-09   MH   AHMADNAGAR
S13   38   23-Apr-09   MH   SHIRDI
S13   39   23-Apr-09   MH   BEED
S13   40   23-Apr-09   MH   OSMANABAD
S13   41   23-Apr-09   MH   LATUR
S13   42   23-Apr-09   MH   SOLAPUR
S13   43   23-Apr-09   MH   MADHA
S13   44   23-Apr-09   MH   SANGLI
S13   45   23-Apr-09   MH   SATARA
S13   46   23-Apr-09   MH   RATNAGIRI – SINDHUDURG
S13   47   23-Apr-09   MH   KOLHAPUR
S13   48   23-Apr-09   MH   HATKANANGLE
S14   1   22-Apr-09   MN   INNER MANIPUR
S14   2   16-Apr-09   MN   OUTER MANIPUR
S15   1   16-Apr-09   ML   SHILLONG
S15   2   16-Apr-09   ML   TURA
S16   1   16-Apr-09   MZ   MIZORAM
S17   1   16-Apr-09   NL   NAGALAND
S18   1   16-Apr-09   OR   BARGARH
S18   2   16-Apr-09   OR   SUNDARGARH
S18   3   16-Apr-09   OR   SAMBALPUR
S18   4   23-Apr-09   OR   KEONJHAR
S18   5   23-Apr-09   OR   MAYURBHANJ
S18   6   23-Apr-09   OR   BALASORE
S18   7   23-Apr-09   OR   BHADRAK
S18   8   23-Apr-09   OR   JAJPUR
S18   9   23-Apr-09   OR   DHENKANAL
S18   10   16-Apr-09   OR   BOLANGIR
S18   11   16-Apr-09   OR   KALAHANDI
S18   12   16-Apr-09   OR   NABARANGPUR
S18   13   16-Apr-09   OR   KANDHAMAL
S18   14   23-Apr-09   OR   CUTTACK
S18   15   23-Apr-09   OR   KENDRAPARA
S18   16   23-Apr-09   OR   JAGATSINGHPUR
S18   17   23-Apr-09   OR   PURI
S18   18   23-Apr-09   OR   BHUBANESWAR
S18   19   16-Apr-09   OR   ASKA
S18   20   16-Apr-09   OR   BERHAMPUR
S18   21   16-Apr-09   OR   KORAPUT
S19   10   7-May-09   PB   FEROZPUR
S19   11   7-May-09   PB   BATHINDA
S19   12   7-May-09   PB   SANGRUR
S20   3   7-May-09   RJ   CHURU
S20   5   7-May-09   RJ   SIKAR
S20   6   7-May-09   RJ   JAIPUR RURAL
S20   7   7-May-09   RJ   JAIPUR
S20   11   7-May-09   RJ   DAUSA
S20   12   7-May-09   RJ   TONK-SAWAI MADHOPUR
S20   15   7-May-09   RJ   PALI
S20   18   7-May-09   RJ   JALORE
S20   21   7-May-09   RJ   CHITTORGARH
S20   23   7-May-09   RJ   BHILWARA
S20   25   7-May-09   RJ   JHALAWAR-BARAN
S23   1   23-Apr-09   TR   TRIPURA WEST
S23   2   23-Apr-09   TR   TRIPURA EAST
S24   2   7-May-09   UP   KAIRANA
S24   3   7-May-09   UP   MUZAFFARNAGAR
S24   15   7-May-09   UP   ALIGARH
S24   17   7-May-09   UP   MATHURA
S24   19   7-May-09   UP   FATEHPUR SIKRI
S24   21   7-May-09   UP   MAINPURI
S24   22   7-May-09   UP   ETAH
S24   30   30-Apr-09   UP   SITAPUR
S24   33   30-Apr-09   UP   UNNAO
S24   34   30-Apr-09   UP   MOHANLALGANJ
S24   35   30-Apr-09   UP   LUCKNOW
S24   37   23-Apr-09   UP   AMETHI
S24   38   23-Apr-09   UP   SULTANPUR
S24   39   23-Apr-09   UP   PRATAPGARH
S24   40   7-May-09   UP   FARRUKHABAD
S24   42   7-May-09   UP   KANNAUJ
S24   43   30-Apr-09   UP   KANPUR
S24   44   30-Apr-09   UP   AKBARPUR
S24   45   30-Apr-09   UP   JALAUN
S24   47   30-Apr-09   UP   HAMIRPUR
S24   48   23-Apr-09   UP   BANDA
S24   49   30-Apr-09   UP   FATEHPUR
S24   50   23-Apr-09   UP   KAUSHAMBI
S24   51   23-Apr-09   UP   PHULPUR
S24   52   23-Apr-09   UP   ALLAHABAD
S24   53   30-Apr-09   UP   BARABANKI
S24   54   23-Apr-09   UP   FAIZABAD
S24   55   23-Apr-09   UP   AMBEDKAR NAGAR
S24   57   23-Apr-09   UP   KAISERGANJ
S24   58   23-Apr-09   UP   SHRAWASTI
S24   59   23-Apr-09   UP   GONDA
S24   60   23-Apr-09   UP   DOMARIYAGANJ
S24   61   23-Apr-09   UP   BASTI
S24   62   23-Apr-09   UP   SANT KABIR NAGAR
S24   63   16-Apr-09   UP   MAHARAJGANJ
S24   64   16-Apr-09   UP   GORAKHPUR
S24   65   16-Apr-09   UP   KUSHI NAGAR
S24   66   16-Apr-09   UP   DEORIA
S24   67   16-Apr-09   UP   BANSGAON
S24   68   16-Apr-09   UP   LALGANJ
S24   69   16-Apr-09   UP   AZAMGARH
S24   70   16-Apr-09   UP   GHOSI
S24   71   16-Apr-09   UP   SALEMPUR
S24   72   16-Apr-09   UP   BALLIA
S24   73   23-Apr-09   UP   JAUNPUR
S24   74   16-Apr-09   UP   MACHHLISHAHR
S24   75   16-Apr-09   UP   GHAZIPUR
S24   76   16-Apr-09   UP   CHANDAULI
S24   77   16-Apr-09   UP   VARANASI
S24   78   23-Apr-09   UP   BHADOHI
S24   79   16-Apr-09   UP   MIRZAPUR
S24   80   16-Apr-09   UP   ROBERTSGANJ
S25   1   30-Apr-09   WB   COOCH BEHAR
S25   2   30-Apr-09   WB   ALIPURDUARS
S25   3   30-Apr-09   WB   JALPAIGURI
S25   4   30-Apr-09   WB   DARJEELING
S25   5   30-Apr-09   WB   RAIGANJ
S25   6   30-Apr-09   WB   BALURGHAT
S25   7   30-Apr-09   WB   MALDAHA UTTAR
S25   8   30-Apr-09   WB   MALDAHA DAKSHIN
S25   9   7-May-09   WB   JANGIPUR
S25   10   7-May-09   WB   BAHARAMPUR
S25   11   7-May-09   WB   MURSHIDABAD
S25   13   7-May-09   WB   RANAGHAT
S25   27   7-May-09   WB   SRERAMPUR
S25   29   7-May-09   WB   ARAMBAGH
S25   32   30-Apr-09   WB   GHATAL
S25   33   30-Apr-09   WB   JHARGRAM
S25   34   30-Apr-09   WB   MEDINIPUR
S25   35   30-Apr-09   WB   PURULIA
S25   36   30-Apr-09   WB   BANKURA
S25   37   30-Apr-09   WB   BISHNUPUR
S25   41   7-May-09   WB   BOLPUR
S26   1   16-Apr-09   CG   SARGUJA
S26   2   16-Apr-09   CG   RAIGARH
S26   3   16-Apr-09   CG   JANJGIR-CHAMPA
S26   4   16-Apr-09   CG   KORBA
S26   5   16-Apr-09   CG   BILASPUR
S26   6   16-Apr-09   CG   RAJNANDGAON
S26   7   16-Apr-09   CG   DURG
S26   8   16-Apr-09   CG   RAIPUR
S26   9   16-Apr-09   CG   MAHASAMUND
S26   10   16-Apr-09   CG   BASTAR
S26   11   16-Apr-09   CG   KANKER
S27   1   23-Apr-09   JH   RAJMAHAL
S27   2   23-Apr-09   JH   DUMKA
S27   3   23-Apr-09   JH   GODDA
S27   4   16-Apr-09   JH   CHATRA
S27   5   16-Apr-09   JH   KODARMA
S27   6   23-Apr-09   JH   GIRIDIH
S27   7   23-Apr-09   JH   DHANBAD
S27   8   23-Apr-09   JH   RANCHI
S27   9   23-Apr-09   JH   JAMSHEDPUR
S27   10   23-Apr-09   JH   SINGHBHUM
S27   11   16-Apr-09   JH   KHUNTI
S27   12   16-Apr-09   JH   LOHARDAGA
S27   13   16-Apr-09   JH   PALAMAU
S27   14   16-Apr-09   JH   HAZARIBAGH
U01   1   16-Apr-09   AN   ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS
U03   1   30-Apr-09   DN   DADAR & NAGAR HAVELI
U04   1   30-Apr-09   DD   DAMAN & DIU
U06   1   16-Apr-09   LD   LAKSHADWEEP

Full list of all 543 Constituencies
S01 1 AP ADILABAD
S01 2 AP PEDDAPALLE
S01 3 AP KARIMNAGAR
S01 4 AP NIZAMABAD
S01 5 AP ZAHIRABAD
S01 6 AP MEDAK
S01 7 AP MALKAJGIRI
S01 8 AP SECUNDRABAD
S01 9 AP HYDERABAD
S01 10 AP CHELVELLA
S01 11 AP MAHBUBNAGAR
S01 12 AP NAGARKURNOOL
S01 13 AP NALGONDA
S01 14 AP BHONGIR
S01 15 AP WARANGAL
S01 16 AP MAHABUBABAD
S01 17 AP KHAMMAM
S01 18 AP ARUKU
S01 19 AP SRIKAKULAM
S01 20 AP VIZIANAGARAM
S01 21 AP VISAKHAPATNAM
S01 22 AP ANAKAPALLI
S01 23 AP KAKINADA
S01 24 AP AMALAPURAM
S01 25 AP RAJAHMUNDRY
S01 26 AP NARSAPURAM
S01 27 AP ELURU
S01 28 AP MACHILIPATNAM
S01 29 AP VIJAYAWADA
S01 30 AP GUNTUR
S01 31 AP NARASARAOPET
S01 32 AP BAPATLA
S01 33 AP ONGOLE
S01 34 AP NANDYAL
S01 35 AP KURNOOL
S01 36 AP ANANTAPUR
S01 37 AP HINDUPUR
S01 38 AP KADAPA
S01 39 AP NELLORE
S01 40 AP TIRUPATI
S01 41 AP RAJAMPET
S01 42 AP CHITTOOR
S02 1 AR ARUNACHAL WEST
S02 2 AR ARUNACHAL EAST
S03 1 AS KARIMGANJ
S03 2 AS SILCHAR
S03 3 AS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT
S03 4 AS DHUBRI
S03 5 AS KOKRAJHAR
S03 6 AS BARPETA
S03 7 AS GAUHATI
S03 8 AS MANGALDOI
S03 9 AS TEZPUR
S03 10 AS NOWGONG
S03 11 AS KALIABOR
S03 12 AS JORHAT
S03 13 AS DIBRUGARH
S03 14 AS LAKHIMPUR
S04 1 BR VALMIKI NAGAR
S04 2 BR PASCHIM CHAMPARAN
S04 3 BR PURVI CHAMPARAN
S04 4 BR SHEOHAR
S04 5 BR SITAMARHI
S04 6 BR MADHUBANI
S04 7 BR JHANJHARPUR
S04 8 BR SUPAUL
S04 9 BR ARARIA
S04 10 BR KISHANGANJ
S04 11 BR KATIHAR
S04 12 BR PURNIA
S04 13 BR MADHEPURA
S04 14 BR DARBHANGA
S04 15 BR MUZAFFARPUR
S04 16 BR VAISHALI
S04 17 BR GOPALGANJ
S04 18 BR SIWAN
S04 19 BR MAHARAJGANJ
S04 20 BR SARAN
S04 21 BR HAJIPUR
S04 22 BR UJIARPUR
S04 23 BR SAMASTIPUR
S04 24 BR BEGUSARAI
S04 25 BR KHAGARIA
S04 26 BR BHAGALPUR
S04 27 BR BANKA
S04 28 BR MUNGER
S04 29 BR NALANDA
S04 30 BR PATNA SAHIB
S04 31 BR PATALIPUTRA
S04 32 BR ARRAH
S04 33 BR BUXAR
S04 34 BR SASARAM
S04 35 BR KARAKAT
S04 36 BR JAHANABAD
S04 37 BR AURANGABAD
S04 38 BR GAYA
S04 39 BR NAWADA
S04 40 BR JAMUI
S05 1 GA NORTH GOA
S05 2 GA SOUTH GOA
S06 1 GJ KACHCHH
S06 2 GJ BANASKANTHA
S06 3 GJ PATAN
S06 4 GJ MAHESANA
S06 5 GJ SABARKANTHA
S06 6 GJ GANDHINAGAR
S06 7 GJ AHMEDABAD EAST
S06 8 GJ AHMEDABAD WEST
S06 9 GJ SURENDRANAGAR
S06 10 GJ RAJKOT
S06 11 GJ PORBANDAR
S06 12 GJ JAMNAGAR
S06 13 GJ JUNAGADH
S06 14 GJ AMRELI
S06 15 GJ BHAVNAGAR
S06 16 GJ ANAND
S06 17 GJ KHEDA
S06 18 GJ PANCHMAHAL
S06 19 GJ DAHOD
S06 20 GJ VADODARA
S06 21 GJ CHHOTA UDAIPUR
S06 22 GJ BHARUCH
S06 23 GJ BARDOLI
S06 24 GJ SURAT
S06 25 GJ NAVSARI
S06 26 GJ VALSAD
S07 1 HR AMBALA
S07 2 HR KURUKSHETRA
S07 3 HR SIRSA
S07 4 HR HISAR
S07 5 HR KARNAL
S07 6 HR SONIPAT
S07 7 HR ROHTAK
S07 8 HR BHIWANI-MAHENDRAGARH
S07 9 HR GURGAON
S07 10 HR FARIDABAD
S08 1 HP KANGRA
S08 2 HP MANDI
S08 3 HP HAMIRPUR
S08 4 HP SHIMLA
S09 1 JK BARAMULLA
S09 2 JK SRINAGAR
S09 3 JK ANANTNAG
S09 4 JK LADAKH
S09 5 JK UDHAMPUR
S09 6 JK JAMMU
S10 1 KA CHIKKODI
S10 2 KA BELGAUM
S10 3 KA BAGALKOT
S10 4 KA BIJAPUR
S10 5 KA GULBARGA
S10 6 KA RAICHUR
S10 7 KA BIDAR
S10 8 KA KOPPAL
S10 9 KA BELLARY
S10 10 KA HAVERI
S10 11 KA DHARWAD
S10 12 KA UTTARA KANNADA
S10 13 KA DAVANAGERE
S10 14 KA SHIMOGA
S10 15 KA UDUPI CHIKMAGALUR
S10 16 KA HASSAN
S10 17 KA DAKSHINA KANNADA
S10 18 KA CHITRADURGA
S10 19 KA TUMKUR
S10 20 KA MANDYA
S10 21 KA MYSORE
S10 22 KA CHAMARAJANAGAR
S10 23 KA BANGALORE RURAL
S10 24 KA BANGALORE NORTH
S10 25 KA BANGALORE CENTRAL
S10 26 KA BANGALORE SOUTH
S10 27 KA CHIKKBALLAPUR
S10 28 KA KOLAR
S11 1 KL KASARAGOD
S11 2 KL KANNUR
S11 3 KL VADAKARA
S11 4 KL WAYANAD
S11 5 KL KOZHIKODE
S11 6 KL MALAPPURAM
S11 7 KL PONNANI
S11 8 KL PALAKKAD
S11 9 KL ALATHUR
S11 10 KL THRISSUR
S11 11 KL CHALAKUDY
S11 12 KL ERNAKULAM
S11 13 KL IDUKKI
S11 14 KL KOTTAYAM
S11 15 KL ALAPPUZHA
S11 16 KL MAVELIKKARA
S11 17 KL PATHANAMTHITTA
S11 18 KL KOLLAM
S11 19 KL ATTINGAL
S11 20 KL THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
S12 1 MP MORENA
S12 2 MP BHIND
S12 3 MP GWALIOR
S12 4 MP GUNA
S12 5 MP SAGAR
S12 6 MP TIKAMGARH
S12 7 MP DAMOH
S12 8 MP KHAJURAHO
S12 9 MP SATNA
S12 10 MP REWA
S12 11 MP SIDHI
S12 12 MP SHAHDOL
S12 13 MP JABALPUR
S12 14 MP MANDLA
S12 15 MP BALAGHAT
S12 16 MP CHHINDWARA
S12 17 MP HOSHANGABAD
S12 18 MP VIDISHA
S12 19 MP BHOPAL
S12 20 MP RAJGARH
S12 21 MP DEWAS
S12 22 MP UJJAIN
S12 23 MP MANDSOUR
S12 24 MP RATLAM
S12 25 MP DHAR
S12 26 MP INDORE
S12 27 MP KHARGONE
S12 28 MP KHANDWA
S12 29 MP BETUL
S13 1 MH NANDURBAR
S13 2 MH DHULE
S13 3 MH JALGAON
S13 4 MH RAVER
S13 5 MH BULDHANA
S13 6 MH AKOLA
S13 7 MH AMRAVATI
S13 8 MH WARDHA
S13 9 MH RAMTEK
S13 10 MH NAGPUR
S13 11 MH BHANDARA – GONDIYA
S13 12 MH GADCHIROLI-CHIMUR
S13 13 MH CHANDRAPUR
S13 14 MH YAVATMAL-WASHIM
S13 15 MH HINGOLI
S13 16 MH NANDED
S13 17 MH PARBHANI
S13 18 MH JALNA
S13 19 MH AURANGABAD
S13 20 MH DINDORI
S13 21 MH NASHIK
S13 22 MH PALGHAR
S13 23 MH BHIWANDI
S13 24 MH KALYAN
S13 25 MH THANE
S13 26 MH MUMBAI NORTH
S13 27 MH MUMBAI NORTH WEST
S13 28 MH MUMBAI NORTH EAST
S13 29 MH MUMBAI NORTH CENTRAL
S13 30 MH MUMBAI SOUTH CENTRAL
S13 31 MH MUMBAI SOUTH
S13 32 MH RAIGAD
S13 33 MH MAVAL
S13 34 MH PUNE
S13 35 MH BARAMATI
S13 36 MH SHIRUR
S13 37 MH AHMADNAGAR
S13 38 MH SHIRDI
S13 39 MH BEED
S13 40 MH OSMANABAD
S13 41 MH LATUR
S13 42 MH SOLAPUR
S13 43 MH MADHA
S13 44 MH SANGLI
S13 45 MH SATARA
S13 46 MH RATNAGIRI – SINDHUDURG
S13 47 MH KOLHAPUR
S13 48 MH HATKANANGLE
S14 1 MN INNER MANIPUR
S14 2 MN OUTER MANIPUR
S15 1 ML SHILLONG
S15 2 ML TURA
S16 1 MZ MIZORAM
S17 1 NL NAGALAND
S18 1 OR BARGARH
S18 2 OR SUNDARGARH
S18 3 OR SAMBALPUR
S18 4 OR KEONJHAR
S18 5 OR MAYURBHANJ
S18 6 OR BALASORE
S18 7 OR BHADRAK
S18 8 OR JAJPUR
S18 9 OR DHENKANAL
S18 10 OR BOLANGIR
S18 11 OR KALAHANDI
S18 12 OR NABARANGPUR
S18 13 OR KANDHAMAL
S18 14 OR CUTTACK
S18 15 OR KENDRAPARA
S18 16 OR JAGATSINGHPUR
S18 17 OR PURI
S18 18 OR BHUBANESWAR
S18 19 OR ASKA
S18 20 OR BERHAMPUR
S18 21 OR KORAPUT
S19 1 PB GURDASPUR
S19 2 PB AMRITSAR
S19 3 PB KHADOOR SAHIB
S19 4 PB JALANDHAR
S19 5 PB HOSHIARPUR
S19 6 PB ANANDPUR SAHIB
S19 7 PB LUDHIANA
S19 8 PB FATEHGARH SAHIB
S19 9 PB FARIDKOT
S19 10 PB FEROZPUR
S19 11 PB BATHINDA
S19 12 PB SANGRUR
S19 13 PB PATIALA
S20 1 RJ GANGANAGAR
S20 2 RJ BIKANER
S20 3 RJ CHURU
S20 4 RJ JHUNJHUNU
S20 5 RJ SIKAR
S20 6 RJ JAIPUR RURAL
S20 7 RJ JAIPUR
S20 8 RJ ALWAR
S20 9 RJ BHARATPUR
S20 10 RJ KARAULI-DHOLPUR
S20 11 RJ DAUSA
S20 12 RJ TONK-SAWAI MADHOPUR
S20 13 RJ AJMER
S20 14 RJ NAGAUR
S20 15 RJ PALI
S20 16 RJ JODHPUR
S20 17 RJ BARMER
S20 18 RJ JALORE
S20 19 RJ UDAIPUR
S20 20 RJ BANSWARA
S20 21 RJ CHITTORGARH
S20 22 RJ RAJSAMAND
S20 23 RJ BHILWARA
S20 24 RJ KOTA
S20 25 RJ JHALAWAR-BARAN
S21 1 SK SIKKIM
S22 1 TN THIRUVALLUR
S22 2 TN CHENNAI NORTH
S22 3 TN CHENNAI SOUTH
S22 4 TN CHENNAI CENTRAL
S22 5 TN SRIPERUMBUDUR
S22 6 TN KANCHEEPURAM
S22 7 TN ARAKKONAM
S22 8 TN VELLORE
S22 9 TN KRISHNAGIRI
S22 10 TN DHARMAPURI
S22 11 TN TIRUVANNAMALAI
S22 12 TN ARANI
S22 13 TN VILUPPURAM
S22 14 TN KALLAKURICHI
S22 15 TN SALEM
S22 16 TN NAMAKKAL
S22 17 TN ERODE
S22 18 TN TIRUPPUR
S22 19 TN NILGIRIS
S22 20 TN COIMBATORE
S22 21 TN POLLACHI
S22 22 TN DINDIGUL
S22 23 TN KARUR
S22 24 TN TIRUCHIRAPPALLI
S22 25 TN PERAMBALUR
S22 26 TN CUDDALORE
S22 27 TN CHIDAMBARAM
S22 28 TN MAYILADUTHURAI
S22 29 TN NAGAPATTINAM
S22 30 TN THANJAVUR
S22 31 TN SIVAGANGA
S22 32 TN MADURAI
S22 33 TN THENI
S22 34 TN VIRUDHUNAGAR
S22 35 TN RAMANATHAPURAM
S22 36 TN THOOTHUKKUDI
S22 37 TN TENKASI
S22 38 TN TIRUNELVELI
S22 39 TN KANNIYAKUMARI
S23 1 TR TRIPURA WEST
S23 2 TR TRIPURA EAST
S24 1 UP SAHARANPUR
S24 2 UP KAIRANA
S24 3 UP MUZAFFARNAGAR
S24 4 UP BIJNOR
S24 5 UP NAGINA
S24 6 UP MORADABAD
S24 7 UP RAMPUR
S24 8 UP SAMBHAL
S24 9 UP AMROHA
S24 10 UP MEERUT
S24 11 UP BAGHPAT
S24 12 UP GHAZIABAD
S24 13 UP GAUTAM BUDDH NAGAR
S24 14 UP BULANDSHAHR
S24 15 UP ALIGARH
S24 16 UP HATHRAS
S24 17 UP MATHURA
S24 18 UP AGRA
S24 19 UP FATEHPUR SIKRI
S24 20 UP FIROZABAD
S24 21 UP MAINPURI
S24 22 UP ETAH
S24 23 UP BADAUN
S24 24 UP AONLA
S24 25 UP BAREILLY
S24 26 UP PILIBHIT
S24 27 UP SHAHJAHANPUR
S24 28 UP KHERI
S24 29 UP DHAURAHRA
S24 30 UP SITAPUR
S24 31 UP HARDOI
S24 32 UP MISRIKH
S24 33 UP UNNAO
S24 34 UP MOHANLALGANJ
S24 35 UP LUCKNOW
S24 36 UP RAE BARELI
S24 37 UP AMETHI
S24 38 UP SULTANPUR
S24 39 UP PRATAPGARH
S24 40 UP FARRUKHABAD
S24 41 UP ETAWAH
S24 42 UP KANNAUJ
S24 43 UP KANPUR
S24 44 UP AKBARPUR
S24 45 UP JALAUN
S24 46 UP JHANSI
S24 47 UP HAMIRPUR
S24 48 UP BANDA
S24 49 UP FATEHPUR
S24 50 UP KAUSHAMBI
S24 51 UP PHULPUR
S24 52 UP ALLAHABAD
S24 53 UP BARABANKI
S24 54 UP FAIZABAD
S24 55 UP AMBEDKAR NAGAR
S24 56 UP BAHRAICH
S24 57 UP KAISERGANJ
S24 58 UP SHRAWASTI
S24 59 UP GONDA
S24 60 UP DOMARIYAGANJ
S24 61 UP BASTI
S24 62 UP SANT KABIR NAGAR
S24 63 UP MAHARAJGANJ
S24 64 UP GORAKHPUR
S24 65 UP KUSHI NAGAR
S24 66 UP DEORIA
S24 67 UP BANSGAON
S24 68 UP LALGANJ
S24 69 UP AZAMGARH
S24 70 UP GHOSI
S24 71 UP SALEMPUR
S24 72 UP BALLIA
S24 73 UP JAUNPUR
S24 74 UP MACHHLISHAHR
S24 75 UP GHAZIPUR
S24 76 UP CHANDAULI
S24 77 UP VARANASI
S24 78 UP BHADOHI
S24 79 UP MIRZAPUR
S24 80 UP ROBERTSGANJ
S25 1 WB COOCH BEHAR
S25 2 WB ALIPURDUARS
S25 3 WB JALPAIGURI
S25 4 WB DARJEELING
S25 5 WB RAIGANJ
S25 6 WB BALURGHAT
S25 7 WB MALDAHA UTTAR
S25 8 WB MALDAHA DAKSHIN
S25 9 WB JANGIPUR
S25 10 WB BAHARAMPUR
S25 11 WB MURSHIDABAD
S25 12 WB KRISHNANAGAR
S25 13 WB RANAGHAT
S25 14 WB BANGAON
S25 15 WB BARRACKPORE
S25 16 WB DUM DUM
S25 17 WB BARASAT
S25 18 WB BASIRHAT
S25 19 WB JOYNAGAR
S25 20 WB MATHURAPUR
S25 21 WB DIAMOND HARBOUR
S25 22 WB JADAVPUR
S25 23 WB KOLKATA DAKSHIN
S25 24 WB KOLKATA UTTAR
S25 25 WB HOWRAH
S25 26 WB ULUBERIA
S25 27 WB SRERAMPUR
S25 28 WB HOOGHLY
S25 29 WB ARAMBAGH
S25 30 WB TAMLUK
S25 31 WB KANTHI
S25 32 WB GHATAL
S25 33 WB JHARGRAM
S25 34 WB MEDINIPUR
S25 35 WB PURULIA
S25 36 WB BANKURA
S25 37 WB BISHNUPUR
S25 38 WB BARDHAMAN PURBA
S25 39 WB BURDWAN – DURGAPUR
S25 40 WB ASANSOL
S25 41 WB BOLPUR
S25 42 WB BIRBHUM
S26 1 CG SARGUJA
S26 2 CG RAIGARH
S26 3 CG JANJGIR-CHAMPA
S26 4 CG KORBA
S26 5 CG BILASPUR
S26 6 CG RAJNANDGAON
S26 7 CG DURG
S26 8 CG RAIPUR
S26 9 CG MAHASAMUND
S26 10 CG BASTAR
S26 11 CG KANKER
S27 1 JH RAJMAHAL
S27 2 JH DUMKA
S27 3 JH GODDA
S27 4 JH CHATRA
S27 5 JH KODARMA
S27 6 JH GIRIDIH
S27 7 JH DHANBAD
S27 8 JH RANCHI
S27 9 JH JAMSHEDPUR
S27 10 JH SINGHBHUM
S27 11 JH KHUNTI
S27 12 JH LOHARDAGA
S27 13 JH PALAMAU
S27 14 JH HAZARIBAGH
S28 1 UK TEHRI GARHWAL
S28 2 UK GARHWAL
S28 3 UK ALMORA
S28 4 UK NAINITAL-UDHAMSINGH NAGAR
S28 5 UK HARDWAR
U01 1 AN ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS
U02 1 CH CHANDIGARH
U03 1 DN DADAR & NAGAR HAVELI
U04 1 DD DAMAN & DIU
U05 1 DL CHANDNI CHOWK
U05 2 DL NORTH EAST DELHI
U05 3 DL EAST DELHI
U05 4 DL NEW DELHI
U05 5 DL NORTH WEST DELHI
U05 6 DL WEST DELHI
U05 7 DL SOUTH DELHI
U06 1 LD LAKSHADWEEP
U07 1 PY PUDUCHERRY

Democracy Database for the Largest Electorate Ever Seen in World History

April 12, 2009 — drsubrotoroy

In four days, on April 16 2009, one thousand seven hundred and seven officially recognized candidates, representing 161 political parties and including 770 Independents, are contesting the polls in 124 constituencies (out of a total of 543 constituencies), across 15 States and two Union Territories in Phase 1 of the General Election to India’s 15th Lok Sabha. Between 16 April and 7 May in Phases 2, 3 and 4, that number of candidates contesting India’s General Elections rises to at least 4,637, average age 46.1, from 261 political parties, including 291 women and 2118 Independents across more than 150 further constituencies. By 13 May, Phase 5 will be over and all 543 constituencies shall have been covered. The size of the registered electorate of potential voters under adult franchise is 383,566,479, the largest in human history.

Did you know that? Of course not. None of our juvenile TV stations and only-slightly-less-juvenile newspapers would have been able to give you such numbers even if they had tried to; they would barely know where to begin. Besides, our Election Commission too has become a sclerotic bureaucracy like everything else to do with India’s governance; its website — now updated and improving slightly every day — provides a lot of irrelevancies along with providing the very least modicum of raw data logically necessary for the conduct of the election.

Ten years ago, just prior to the 13th Lok Sabha Elections, I, as part of my academic research as a “full professor” at an “Institution of National Importance”, created an Excel spreadsheet containing every single Lok Sabha constituency at the time. I later sent it on to the EC for its free use and distribution. (Some of my academic colleagues were surprised and suspicious as one of their principal goals in life was to obtain lucrative government “consulting” contracts wherever possible — doing things for free set a worrisome example despite the slogan of being supposedly “dedicated to the service of the nation”!). Nothing happened because the EC in particular and the Government of India in general did not then and have not now appeared keen to know how to use spreadsheets like Excel properly, despite our claims of India being an information-technology powerhouse!

I have now had to re-create that 1999 spreadsheet again for the 15th Lok Sabha Elections because there has been a major parliamentary exercise of what is called “redistricting” in some countries and “delimitation” here in India. Many constituencies have been merged or have disappeared while new ones have appeared. Plus numerous innovative techniques and formulae have had to be used by me with vital free help from Excel Forum users as well as providers of free add-ins around the world, to whom grateful acknowledgment is made.

The processed data below is based entirely on the raw data available from the EC as of April 11 2009. As the EC updates its raw data, so shall I seek to update this processed data. There are definite errors in the EC data (e.g. one Independent candidate has been listed 3 times, while 19 people have been listed as being99 years old; more significantly there seems to be at least one constituency in which there is only one candidate, etc etc.) Whatever errors exist in the raw data must be carried over to these data here, I am afraid. But I will as I have said update this as the EC updates its raw data. If there are errors in my processing, I do not know of them, so please check and recheck against the EC’s data if you wish to use these data operationally. [Update 1800 hours Sunday April 12: the EC has reduced the number of candidates from 4637 to 4631 which presumably means some obvious slight errors have been corrected; it is still far short of having announced all candidates for all 543 constituencies, so the overall number is destined to rise and drastically quite soon — I hope before the first polls open on Thursday!].

The first two indicators are the EC’s way of identifying a constituency; then there is the name of the State or Union Territory in a two-digit code followed by the name of the constituency in capitals, the date that polling is due to take place, and the list of the candidates and their parties. I have made every effort to see no error has been added by me in addition to any errors that might exist in the EC’s data. But please check and double check yourself, and I cannot take responsibility for the accuracy of the information, especially as it is being done in “real time”.

This is being provided as a free public service for India’s ordinary people, citizens, candidates, students, observers etc. Any broadcast or republication or academic use must acknowledge it appeared first at this site in my work: just link to this post or quote “Democracy Database for the Largest Electorate Ever Seen in World History by Dr Subroto Roy”, and use away.

Why do I think it is important for every candidate in every constituency in India’s 2009 General Elections to have his/her name known and to receive due respect and a small salute in HTML even for a brief moment?

Because that is what democracy in a free republic is supposed to be about. India is not a monarchy or a mansabdari of some sort, no matter what the many corrupt people inhabiting our Government and our capital cities might have made themselves believe.

Our juvenile, sensationalist, irresponsible Delhi-centred media might realize someday that there are thousands of real people all over this country that is India contesting these elections seriously and trying to thus participate in the political process as best they can. The Delhi-centred media remain focused on the few dozen fake celebrities that they flatter, cultivate and pander to. (We must wait to see what depths of journalistic depravity our TV stations reach in covering the so-called IPL in South Africa more seriously than they cover India’s 2009 General Elections! What would MK Gandhi, who, a century ago, was still in South Africa, have said about such a twist of India’s fate?)

Here instead are India’s names and India’s lives and India’s places and India’s peoples and India’s political parties for all of us to see and understand and hence see and understand ourselves better.

Here’s a cheer to all those party-political symbols for or against which India’s hundreds of millions of voters will make their decisions:

A lady farmer carrying paddy on her head,

Aeroplane,

Almirah

Arrow

Axe

Balloon

Banana

Basket

Bat

Batsman

Battery Torch

Bead Necklace

Bell

Bicycle

Black Board

Boat

Book

Bow & Arrow

Boy & Girl

Bread

Brick

Bridge

Brief Case

Brush

Bungalow

Bus

Cake

Camera

Candles

Car

Carrot

Cart

Ceiling Fan

Chair

Clock

Coat

Cock

Coconut

Comb

Conch

Cot

Cup & Saucer

Diesel Pump

Dolli

Drum

Ears of Corn And Sickle

Electric Pole

Elephant

Flag with Three Stars

Flowers and Grass

Fork

Frock

Frying Pan

Gas Cylinder

Gas Stove

Glass Tumbler

Haldhar Within Wheel (Chakra Haldhar)

Hammer, Sickle and Star

Hand

Hand Pump

Harmonium

Hat

Hurricane Lamp

Hut

Ice Cream

Ink Pot & Pen

Iron

Jug

Kettle

Kite

Ladder

Lady Purse

Letter Box

Lion

Lock and Key

Lotus

Maize

Nagara

Not Alloted

Pressure Cooker

Railway Engine

Ring

Rising Sun

Road Roller

Saw

Scissors

Sewing Machine

Shuttle

Slate

Spade & Stoker

Spoon

Stool

Table

Table Lamp

Television

Tent

Two Daos Intersecting

Two Leaves

Violin

Walking Stick

Whistle….

Here’s a cheer then to all the thousands of candidates, average age 46.1, including those Independents, and the hundreds of political parties who go to the contest beginning April 16:

Aadivasi Sena Party

A-Chik National Congress(Democratic)

Adarsh Lok Dal

Advait Ishwasyam Congress

Ajeya Bharat Party

AJSU Party

Akhand Bharti

Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha

Akhil Bharatiya Ashok Sena

Akhil Bharatiya Congress Dal (Ambedkar)

Akhil Bharatiya Hind Kranti Party

Akhil Bharatiya Jan Sangh

Akhil Bharatiya Manav Seva Dal

Akhil Bhartiya Manavata Paksha

Akhil Bhartiya Sindhu Samajwadi Party

Akhila India Jananayaka Makkal Katchi (Dr. Issac)

All India Forward Bloc

All India Majlis-E-Ittehadul Muslimeen

All India Minorities Front

All India Trinamool Congress

All Jharkhand Students Union

Alpjan Samaj Party

Ambedkar National Congress

Ambedkar Samaj Party

Ambedkarist Republican Party

Amra Bangalee

Apna Dal

Arunachal Congress

Asom Gana Parishad

Assam United Democratic Front

Autonomous State Demand Committee

Awami Party

B. C. United Front

Backward Classes Democratic Party, J&K

Bahujan Republican Ekta Manch

Bahujan Samaj Party

Bahujan Samaj Party(Ambedkar-Phule)

Bahujan Sangharsh Party (Kanshiram)

Bahujan Shakty

Bahujan Uday Manch

Bajjikanchal Vikas Party

Bharat Punarnirman Dal

Bharat Vikas Morcha

Bharatheeya Sadharma Samsthapana Party

Bharatiya Bahujan Party

Bharatiya Eklavya Party

Bharatiya Grameen Dal

Bharatiya Jagaran Party

Bharatiya Jan Berojgar Chhatra Dal

Bharatiya Jan Shakti

Bharatiya Janata Party

Bharatiya Jantantrik Janta Dal

Bharatiya Lok Kalyan Dal

Bharatiya Loktantrik Party(Gandhi-Lohiawadi)

Bharatiya Minorities Suraksha Mahasangh

Bharatiya Momin Front

Bharatiya Natiional Janta Dal

Bharatiya Peoples Party

Bharatiya Pichhra Dal

Bharatiya Praja Paksha

Bharatiya Rashtriya Bahujan Samaj Vikas Party

Bharatiya Republican Paksha

Bharatiya Sadbhawna Samaj Party

Bharatiya Samaj Dal

Bharatiya Samta Samaj Party

Bharatiya Sarvodaya Kranti Party

Bharatiya Subhash Sena

Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

Biju Janata Dal

Bira Oriya Party

Bodaland Peoples Front

Buddhiviveki Vikas Party

Chandigarh Vikas Party

Chhattisgarh Vikas Party

Chhattisgarhi Samaj Party

Communist Party of India

Communist Party of India (Marxist)

Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

Democratic Party of India

Democratic Secular Party

Dharam Nirpeksh Dal

Duggar Pradesh Party

Eklavya Samaj Party

Gondvana Gantantra Party

Gondwana Mukti Sena

Great India Party

Hill State People’s Democratic Party

Hindustan Janta Party

Indian Christian Secular Party

Indian Justice Party

Indian National Congress

Indian Peace Party

Indian Peoples Forward Block

Indian Union Muslim League

Jaganmay Nari Sangathan

Jago Party

Jai Bharat Samanta Party

Jai Chhattisgarh Party

Jai Vijaya Bharathi Party

Jammu & Kashmir National Panthers Party

Jammu & Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party

Jan Samanta Party

Jan Surajya Shakti

Jana Hitkari Party

Janata Dal (Secular)

Janata Dal (United)

Janata Party

Janvadi Party(Socialist)

Jawan Kisan Morcha

Jharkhand Disom Party

Jharkhand Jan Morcha

Jharkhand Janadikhar Manch

Jharkhand Mukti Morcha

Jharkhand Party

Jharkhand Party (Naren)

Jharkhand PeopleÂ’S Party

Jharkhand Vikas Dal

Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)

Kalinga Sena

Kamtapur Progressive Party

Kannada Chalavali Vatal Paksha

Karnataka Rajya Ryota Sangha

Karnataka Thamizhar Munnetra Kazhagam

Kerala Congress

Kerala Congress (M)

Kosal Kranti Dal

Kosi Vikas Party

Kranti Kari Jai Hind Sena

Krantikari Samyavadi Party

Krantisena Maharashtra

Laghujan Samaj Vikas Party

Lal Morcha

Lok Bharati

Lok Dal

Lok Jan Shakti Party

Lok Jan Vikas Morcha

Lok Satta Party

Lok Vikas Party

Lokpriya Samaj Party

Loksangram

Loktanrik Sarkar Party

Loktantrik Samajwadi Party

Loktantrik Samata Dal

Mahagujarat Janta Party

Maharashtra Navnirman sena

Maharashtrawadi Gomantak

Mahila Adhikar Party

Mana Party

Manav Mukti Morcha

Manipur People’s Party

Marxist Communist Party of India (S.S. Srivastava)

Marxist Co-Ordination

Maulik Adhikar Party

Meghalaya Democratic Party

Moderate Party

Momin Conference

Muslim League Kerala State Committee

Muslim Majlis Uttar Pradesh

Nagaland Peoples Front

National Development Party

National Lokhind Party

National Loktantrik Party

National Secular Party

National Youth Party

Nationalist Congress Party

Navbharat Nirman Party

Nelopa(United)

Orissa Mukti Morcha

Party for Democratic Socialism

Paschim Banga Rajya Muslim League

Peace Party

Peoples Democratic Alliance

Peoples Democratic Forum

People’s Democratic Front

Peoples Guardian

People’s Party of Arunachal

Peoples Republican Party

Prabuddha Republican Party

Pragatisheel Manav Samaj Party

Praja Bharath Party

Praja Rajyam Party

Prajatantrik Samadhan Party

Proutist Sarva Samaj

Proutist Sarva Samaj Party

Purvanchal Rajya Banao Dal

Pyramid Party of India

Rajyadhikara Party

Rashtra Sewa Dal

Rashtravadi Aarthik Swatantrata Dal

Rashtravadi Communist Party

Rashtravadi Janata Party

Rashtrawadi Sena

Rashtriya Agraniye Dal

Rashtriya Bahujan Congress Party

Rashtriya Dehat Morcha Party

Rashtriya Gondvana Party

Rashtriya Janata Dal

Rashtriya Jan-Jagram Morcha

Rashtriya Jan-vadi Party (Krantikari)

Rashtriya Kranti Party

Rashtriya Krantikari Janata Party

Rashtriya Krantikari Samajwadi Party

Rashtriya Lok Dal

Rashtriya Lokhit Party

Rashtriya Lokwadi Party

Rashtriya Machhua Samaj Party

Rashtriya Mazdoor Ekta Party

Rashtriya Pragati Party

Rashtriya Praja Congress (Secular)

Rashtriya Raksha Dal

Rashtriya Samaj Paksha

Rashtriya Samajwadi Party (United)

Rashtriya Samanta Dal

Rashtriya Swabhimaan Party

Rayalaseema Rashtra Samithi

Republican Paksha (Khoripa)

Republican Party of India

Republican Party of India (A)

Republican Party of India (Democratic )

Republican Party of India (Khobragade)

Republican Presidium Party of India

Republician Party of India Ektawadi

Revolutionary Communist Party of India (Rasik Bhatt)

Revolutionary Socialist Party

Samajik Jantantrik Party

Samajtantric Party of India

Samajwadi Jan Parishad

Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)

Samajwadi Party

Samata Party

Samruddha Odisha

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Party

Sarvodaya Karnataka Paksha

Sarvodaya Party

Savarn Samaj Party

Save Goa Front

Shakti Sena (Bharat Desh)

Shivrajya Party

Shivsena

Shoshit Samaj Dal

Socialist Party (Lohia)

Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

Sunder Samaj Party

Swabhimani Paksha

Swarajya Party Of India

Swatantra Bharat Paksha

Telangana Rashtra Samithi

Telugu Desam

The Humanist Party of India

Trilinga Praja Pragati Party

United Communist Party of India

United Democratic Party

United Goans Democratic Party

United Women Front

Uttar Pradesh Republican Party

Vanchit Jamat Party

Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katch

Vikas Party

Vishva Hindustani Sangathan

Yuva Vikas Party … and many many more….

S01 1 AP ADILABAD 16-Apr-09 1 ADE TUKARAM M 55 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 KOTNAK RAMESH M 39 Indian National Congress

3 RATHOD RAMESH M 43 Telugu Desam

4 RATHOD SADASHIV NAIK M 50 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 MESRAM NAGO RAO M 59 Praja Rajyam Party

6 ATHRAM LAXMAN RAO M 47 Independent

7 GANTA PENTANNA M 36 Independent

8 NETHAVAT RAMDAS M 39 Independent

9 BANKA SAHADEVU M 55 Independent

S01 2 AP PEDDAPALLE 16-Apr-09 1 GAJJELA SWAMY M 49 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 GOMASA SRINIVAS M 41 Telangana Rashtra Samithi

3 MATHANGI NARSIAH M 64 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 DR.G.VIVEKANAND M 51 Indian National Congress

5 AREPELLI DAVID RAJU M 36 Praja Rajyam Party

6 KRISHNA SABBALI M 39 Marxist Communist Party of India (S.S. Srivastava)

7 AMBALA MAHENDAR M 38 Independent

8 A. KAMALAMMA F 36 Independent

9 GORRE RAMESH M 42 Independent

10 NALLALA KANUKAIAH M 39 Independent

11 B. MALLAIAH M 32 Independent

12 K. RAJASWARI F 38 Independent

13 D. RAMULU M 51 Independent

14 G.VINAY KUMAR M 51 Independent

15 S.LAXMAIAH M 33 Independent

S01 3 AP KARIMNAGAR 16-Apr-09 1 CHANDUPATLA JANGA REDDY M 75 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 PONNAM PRABHAKAR M 41 Indian National Congress

3 VINOD KUMAR BOINAPALLY M 49 Telangana Rashtra Samithi

4 VIRESHAM NALIMELA M 58 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 RAGULA RAMULU M 40 Republican Party of India (A)

6 LINGAMPALLI SRINIVAS REDDY M 39 Marxist Communist Party of India (S.S. Srivastava)

7 VELICHALA RAJENDER RAO M 46 Praja Rajyam Party

8 T. SRIMANNARAYANA M 68 Pyramid Party of India

9 K. PRABHAKAR M 43 Independent

10 KORIVI VENUGOPAL M 46 Independent

11 BARIGE GATTAIAH YADAV M 32 Independent

12 GADDAM RAJI REDDY M 48 Independent

13 PANAKANTI SATISH KUMAR M 46 Independent

14 PEDDI RAVINDER M 29 Independent

15 B. SURESH M 32 Independent

S01 4 AP NIZAMABAD 16-Apr-09 1 DR. BAPU REDDY M 59 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 BIGALA GANESH GUPTA M 39 Telangana Rashtra Samithi

3 MADHU YASKHI GOUD M 50 Indian National Congress

4 YEDLA RAMU M 53 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 DUDDEMPUDI SAMBASIVA RAO CHOUDARY M 62 Lok Satta Party

6 P.VINAY KUMAR M 51 Praja Rajyam Party

7 DR. V.SATHYANARAYANA MURTHY M 51 Pyramid Party of India

8 S. SUJATHA F 43 Trilinga Praja Pragati Party

9 AARIS MOHAMMED M 46 Independent

10 KANDEM PRABHAKAR M 44 Independent

11 GADDAM SRINIVAS M 47 Independent

12 RAPELLY SRINIVAS M 34 Independent

S01 5 AP ZAHIRABAD 16-Apr-09 1 CHENGAL BAGANNA M 66 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 M.VISHNU MUDIRAJ M 35 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 SYED YOUSUF ALI M 54 Telangana Rashtra Samithi

4 SURESH KUMAR SHETKAR M 46 Indian National Congress

5 BENJAMIN RAJU M 39 Indian Justice Party

6 MALKAPURAM SHIVA KUMAR M 43 Praja Rajyam Party

7 MALLESH RAVINDER REDDY M 39 Lok Satta Party

8 CHITTA RAJESHWAR RAO M 45 Independent

9 POWAR SINGH HATTI SINGH M 36 Independent

10 BASAVA RAJ PATIL M 39 Independent

S01 6 AP MEDAK 16-Apr-09 1 NARENDRANATH .C M 45 Indian National Congress

2 P. NIROOP REDDY M 50 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 VIJAYA SHANTHI .M F 43 Telangana Rashtra Samithi

4 Y. SHANKAR GOUD M 44 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 KOVURI PRABHAKAR M 51 Pyramid Party of India

6 KHAJA QUAYUM ANWAR M 43 Praja Rajyam Party

7 D. YADESHWAR M 46 Bahujan Samaj Party(Ambedkar-Phule)

8 K. SUDHEER REDDY M 37 Lok Satta Party

9 KUNDETI RAVI M 32 Independent

S01 7 AP MALKAJGIRI 16-Apr-09 1 NALLU INDRASENA REDDY M 56 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 M.BABU RAO PADMA SALE M 52 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 BHEEMSEN.T M 60 Telugu Desam

4 SARVEY SATYANARAYANA M 54 Indian National Congress

5 S.D.KRISHNA MURTHY M 51 Trilinga Praja Pragati Party

6 T.DEVENDER GOUD M 56 Praja Rajyam Party

7 NARENDER KUMBALA M 39 Bharat Punarnirman Dal

8 PRATHANI RAMAKRISHNA M 42 Rashtriya Krantikari Samajwadi Party

9 LION C FRANCIS MJF M 56 Samajwadi Party

10 N V RAMA REDDY M 54 Pyramid Party of India

11 DR.LAVU RATHAIAH M 56 Lok Satta Party

12 KANTE KANAKAIAH GANGAPUTHRA M 63 Independent

13 KOYAL KAR BHOJARAJ M 35 Independent

14 CHENURU VENKATA SUBBA RAO M 52 Independent

15 JAJULA BHASKAR M 34 Independent

16 LT.COL. (RETD). DUSERLA PAPARAIDU M 62 Independent

17 MD.MANSOORALI M 31 Independent

18 S.VICTOR M 40 Independent

19 K.SRINIVASA RAJU M 44 Independent

S01 8 AP SECUNDRABAD 16-Apr-09 1 ANJAN KUMAR YADAV M M 47 Indian National Congress

2 BANDARU DATTATREYA M 61 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 M. D. MAHMOOD ALI M 55 Telangana Rashtra Samithi

4 M. VENKATESH M 32 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 SRINIVASA SUDHISH RAMBHOTLA M 40 Telugu Desam

6 ABDUS SATTAR MUJAHED M 41 Muslim League Kerala State Committee

7 IMDAD JAH M 64 Ambedkar National Congress

8 P. DAMODER REDDY M 48 Pyramid Party of India

9 DR. DASOJU SRAVAN KUMAR M 41 Praja Rajyam Party

10 S. DEVAIAH M 59 Trilinga Praja Pragati Party

11 C.V.L. NARASIMHA RAO M 51 Lok Satta Party

12 DR .POLISHETTY RAM MOHAN M 57 Samata Party

13 MOHD. OSMAN QURESHEE M 35 Ajeya Bharat Party

14 SHIRAZ KHAN F 39 United Women Front

15 ASEERVADAM LELLAPALLI M 51 Independent

16 AMBATI KRISHNA MURTHY M 50 Independent

17 B. GOPALA KRISHNA M 42 Independent

18 DEVI DAS RAO GHODKE M 63 Independent

19 BABER ALI KHAN M 51 Independent

20 M. BHAGYA MATHA F 38 Independent

21 CH. MURAHARI M 49 Independent

22 G. RAJAIAH M 48 Independent

23 K. SRINIVASA CHARI M 49 Independent

S01 9 AP HYDERABAD 16-Apr-09 1 ZAHID ALI KHAN M 66 Telugu Desam

2 P. LAXMAN RAO GOUD M 55 Indian National Congress

3 SATISH AGARWAL M 38 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 SAMY MOHAMMED M 29 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 ASADUDDIN OWAISI M 41 All India Majlis-E-Ittehadul Muslimeen

6 S. GOPAL SINGH M 34 Akhil Bharatiya Jan Sangh

7 TAHER KAMAL KHUNDMIRI M 52 Janata Dal (Secular)

8 FATIMA .A F 41 Praja Rajyam Party

9 P. VENKATESWARA RAO M 58 Pyramid Party of India

10 D. SURENDER M 36 Trilinga Praja Pragati Party

11 AL-KASARY MOULLIM MOHSIN HUSSAIN M 33 Independent

12 ALTAF AHMED KHAN M 43 Independent

13 M.A. QUDDUS GHORI M 43 Independent

14 ZAHID ALI KHAN M 26 Independent

15 M.A. BASITH M 55 Independent

16 MD. OSMAN M 43 Independent

17 B. RAVI YADAV M 33 Independent

18 N.L. SRINIVAS M 31 Independent

19 M.A. SATTAR M 29 Independent

20 D. SADANAND M 45 Independent

21 SYED ABDUL GAFFTER M 51 Independent

22 SARDAR SINGH M 62 Independent

23 M.A. HABEEB M 31 Independent

S01 10 AP CHELVELLA 16-Apr-09 1 JAIPAL REDDY SUDINI M 67 Indian National Congress

2 A.P.JITHENDER REDDY M 54 Telugu Desam

3 BADDAM BAL REDDY M 64 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 C.SRINIVAS RAO M 39 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 KASANI GNANESHWAR M 54 Mana Party

6 KUMMARI GIRI M 28 Pyramid Party of India

7 DASARA SARALA DEVI F 39 Marxist Communist Party of India (S.S. Srivastava)

8 DR.B.RAGHUVEER REDDY M 42 Lok Satta Party

9 SAMA SRINIVASULU M 34 Great India Party

10 S.MALLA REDDY M 43 Independent

11 G.MALLESHAM GOUD M 32 Independent

12 RAMESHWARAM JANGAIAH M 58 Independent

13 LAXMINARAYANA M 27 Independent

14 VENKATRAM NAIK M 27 Independent

15 SAYAMOOLA NARSIMULU M 30 Independent

S01 11 AP MAHBUBNAGAR 16-Apr-09 1 KUCHAKULLA YADAGIRI REDDY M 51 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 K. CHANDRASEKHAR RAO M 55 Telangana Rashtra Samithi

3 DEVARAKONDA VITTAL RAO M 57 Indian National Congress

4 PALEM SUDARSHAN GOUD M 42 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 ABDUL KAREEM KHAJA MOHAMMAD M 50 Lok Satta Party

6 ASIRVADAM M 35 Great India Party

7 KOLLA VENKATESH MADIGA M 37 Trilinga Praja Pragati Party

8 GUNDALA VIJAYALAKSHMI F 61 Pyramid Party of India

9 B. BALRAJ GOUD M 44 Mana Party

10 MUNISWAMY.C.R M 32 Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)

11 USHAN SATHYAMMA F 32 Independent

12 USAIN RANGAMMA F 50 Independent

13 YETTI CHINNA YENKAIAH M 47 Independent

14 YETTI LINGAIAH M 52 Independent

15 KANDUR KURMAIAH M 56 Independent

16 KARRE JANGAIAH M 29 Independent

17 GANGAPURI RAVINDAR GOUD M 28 Independent

18 GAJJA NARSIMULU M 35 Independent

19 CHENNAMSETTY DASHARATHA RAMULU HOLEA DASARI M 31 Independent

20 M.A. JABBAR M 39 Independent

21 DEPALLY MAISAIAH M 27 Independent

22 DEPALLY SAYANNA M 47 Independent

23 K. NARSIMULU M 52 Independent

24 NAGENDER REDDY. K M 49 Independent

25 PANDU M 29 Independent

26 BUDIGA JANGAM LAXMAMMA F 30 Independent

27 MOHAMMAD GHOUSE MOINUDDIN M 76 Independent

28 MALA JANGILAMMA F 50 Independent

29 RAJESH NAIK M 29 Independent

30 RAIKANTI RAMADAS MADIGA M 40 Independent

31 V. VENKATESHWARLU M 32 Independent

32 B. SEENAIAH GOUD M 62 Independent

S01 12 AP NAGARKURNOOL 16-Apr-09 1 GUVVALA BALARAJU M 31 Telangana Rashtra Samithi

2 TANGIRALA PARAMJOTHI M 50 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 DR. MANDA JAGANNATH M 57 Indian National Congress

4 DR. T. RATNAKARA M 50 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 DEVANI SATYANARAYANA M 39 Praja Rajyam Party

6 S.P.FERRY ROY M 27 Pyramid Party of India

7 G. VIDYASAGAR M 60 Lok Satta Party

8 ANAPOSALA VENKATESH M 27 Independent

9 N. KURUMAIAH M 27 Independent

10 BUDDULA SRINIVAS M 35 Independent

11 A.V. SHIVA KUMAR M 42 Independent

12 SIRIGIRI MANNEM M 36 Independent

13 HANUMANTHU M 28 Independent

S01 13 AP NALGONDA 16-Apr-09 1 GUTHA SUKENDER REDDY M 55 Indian National Congress

2 NAZEERUDDIN M 55 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 VEDIRE SRIRAM REDDY M 39 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 SURAVARAM SUDHAKAR REDDY M 67 Communist Party of India

5 A. NAGESHWAR RAO M 59 Pyramid Party of India

6 PADURI KARUNA F 58 Praja Rajyam Party

7 DAIDA LINGAIAH M 51 Independent

8 MD. NAZEEMUDDIN M 40 Independent

9 BOLUSANI KRISHNAIAH M 45 Independent

10 BOLLA KARUNAKAR M 33 Independent

11 MARRY NEHEMIAH M 55 Independent

12 YALAGANDULA RAMU M 41 Independent

13 K.V.SRINIVASA CHARYULU M 30 Independent

14 SHAIK AHMED M 57 Independent

S01 14 AP BHONGIR 16-Apr-09 1 KOMATIREDDY RAJ GOPAL REDDY M 41 Indian National Congress

2 CHINTHA SAMBA MURTHY M 50 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 NOMULA NARSIMHAIAH M 49 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

4 SIDDHARTHA PHOOLEY M 39 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 CHANDRA MOULI GANDAM M 48 Praja Rajyam Party

6 PALLA PRABHAKAR REDDY M 64 Pyramid Party of India

7 RACHA SUBHADRA REDDY F 59 Lok Satta Party

8 GUMMI BAKKA REDDY M 75 Independent

9 POOSA BALA KISHAN BESTA M 35 Independent

10 PERUKA ANJAIAH M 46 Independent

11 MAMIDIGALLA JOHN BABU M 40 Independent

12 MEDI NARSIMHA M 31 Independent

13 RUPANI RAMESH VADDERA M 31 Independent

14 SANGU MALLAYYA M 66 Independent

15 SIRUPANGI RAMULU M 55 Independent

S01 15 AP WARANGAL 16-Apr-09 1 JAYAPAL. V M 63 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 DOMMATI SAMBAIAH M 45 Telugu Desam

3 RAJAIAH SIRICILLA M 55 Indian National Congress

4 RAMAGALLA PARAMESHWAR M 55 Telangana Rashtra Samithi

5 LALAIAH P M 65 Bahujan Samaj Party

6 ONTELA MONDAIAH M 58 Pyramid Party of India

7 DR. CHANDRAGIRI RAJAMOULY M 49 Praja Rajyam Party

8 BALLEPU VENKAT NARSINGA RAO M 37 Lok Satta Party

9 KANNAM VENKANNA M 32 Independent

10 KRISHNADHI SRILATHA F 33 Independent

11 SOMAIAH GANAPURAM M 39 Independent

12 DAMERA MOGILI M 34 Independent

13 DUBASI NARSING M 46 Independent

14 PAKALA DEVADANAM M 74 Independent

15 D. SREEDHAR RAO M 37 Independent

S01 16 AP MAHABUBABAD 16-Apr-09 1 KUNJA SRINIVASA RAO M 31 Communist Party of India

2 GUMMADI PULLAIAH M 58 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 B. DILIP M 35 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 P. BALRAM M 45 Indian National Congress

5 D.T. NAIK M 61 Praja Rajyam Party

6 PODEM SAMMAIAH M 31 Pyramid Party of India

7 BANOTH MOLCHAND M 60 Lok Satta Party

8 KALTHI VEERASWAMY M 52 Independent

9 KECHELA RANGA REDDY M 44 Independent

10 DATLA NAGESWAR RAO M 42 Independent

11 PADIGA YERRAIAH M 64 Independent

12 P. SATYANARAYANA M 32 Independent

S01 17 AP KHAMMAM 16-Apr-09 1 KAPILAVAI RAVINDER M 45 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 THONDAPU VENKATESWARA RAO M 30 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 NAMA NAGESWARA RAO M 50 Telugu Desam

4 RENUKA CHOWDHURY F 54 Indian National Congress

5 JALAGAM HEMAMALINI F 40 Praja Rajyam Party

6 JUPELLI SATYANARAYANA M 61 Lok Satta Party

7 MANUKONDA RAGHURAM PRASAD M 55 Pyramid Party of India

8 SHAIK MADAR SAHEB M 40 Trilinga Praja Pragati Party

9 AVULA VENKATESWARLU M 45 Independent

10 CHANDA LINGAIAH M 58 Independent

11 DANDA LINGAIAH M 59 Independent

12 BANOTH LAXMA NAIK M 52 Independent

13 MALLAVARAPU JEREMIAH M 63 Independent

S01 18 AP ARUKU 16-Apr-09 1 KISHORE CHANDRA SURYANARAYANA DEO VYRICHERLA M 62 Indian National Congress

2 KURUSA BOJJAIAH M 56 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 GADUGU BALLAYYA DORA M 38 Rashtriya Janata Dal

4 MIDIYAM BABU RAO M 58 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

5 LAKE RAJA RAO M 50 Bahujan Samaj Party

6 MEENAKA SIMHACHALAM M 43 Praja Rajyam Party

7 VADIGALA PENTAYYA M 56 Lok Satta Party

8 APPA RAO KINJEDI M 48 Independent

9 ARIKA GUMPA SWAMY M 60 Independent

10 ILLA RAMI REDDY M 54 Independent

11 JAYALAKSHMI SHAMBUDU F 39 Independent

S01 19 AP SRIKAKULAM 16-Apr-09 1 YERRNNAIDU KINJARAPU M 50 Telugu Desam

2 KILLI KRUPA RANI F 47 Indian National Congress

3 TANKALA SUDHAKARA RAO M 57 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 DUPPALA RAVINDARA BABU M 38 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 KALYANI VARUDU F 29 Praja Rajyam Party

6 NANDA PRASADA RAO M 37 Pyramid Party of India

S01 20 AP VIZIANAGARAM 16-Apr-09 1 APPALA NAIDU KONDAPALLI M 41 Telugu Desam

2 GOTTAPU CHINAMNAIDU M 56 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 JHANSI LAXMI BOTCHA F 45 Indian National Congress

4 SANYASI RAJU PAKALAPATI M 51 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 KIMIDI GANAPATHI RAO M 52 Praja Rajyam Party

6 LUNKARAN JAIN M 60 Pyramid Party of India

7 DATTLA SATYA APPALA SIVANANDA RAJU M 34 Lok Satta Party

8 VENKATA SATYA NARAYANA RAGHUMANDA M 28 Bharatiya Sadbhawna Samaj Party

9 MAHESWARA RAO VARRI M 35 Independent

S01 21 AP VISAKHAPATNAM 16-Apr-09 1 I.M.AHMED M 41 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 DAGGUBATI PURANDESWARI F 49 Indian National Congress

3 DR.M.V.V.S.MURTHI M 70 Telugu Desam

4 D.V.SUBBARAO M 76 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 PALLA SRINIVASA RAO M 40 Praja Rajyam Party

6 BETHALA KEGIYA RANI F 26 Bahujan Samaj Party(Ambedkar-Phule)

7 D.BHARATHI F 53 Pyramid Party of India

8 D.V.RAMANA (VASU MASTER) M 37 Trilinga Praja Pragati Party

9 RAMESH LANKA M 49 Bharatheeya Sadharma Samsthapana Party

10 M.T.VENKATESWARALU M 42 Lok Satta Party

11 APPARAO GOLAGANA M 46 Independent

12 BANDAM VENKATA RAO YADAV M 32 Independent

13 YADDANAPUDI RANGARAO M 78 Independent

14 YALAMANCHILI PRASAD M 54 Independent

15 RANGARAJU KALIDINDI M 46 Independent

S01 22 AP ANAKAPALLI 16-Apr-09 1 APPA RAO KIRLA M 57 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 NOOKARAPU SURYA PRAKASA RAO M 50 Telugu Desam

3 BHEEMISETTI NAGESWARARAO M 41 Rashtriya Janata Dal

4 VENKATA RAMANA BABU PILLA M 35 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 SABBAM HARI M 55 Indian National Congress

6 ALLU ARAVIND M 62 Praja Rajyam Party

7 PULAMARASETTI VENKATA RAMANA M 28 Pyramid Party of India

8 BOYINA NAGESWARA RAO M 52 Janata Dal (United)

9 NANDA GOPAL GANDHAM M 60 Independent

10 PATHALA SATYA RAO M 46 Independent

S02 1 AR ARUNACHAL WEST 16-Apr-09 1 KIREN RIJIJU M 37 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 TAKAM SANJOY M 42 Indian National Congress

3 TABA TAKU M 25 Lok Bharati

4 SUBU KECHI M 36 Independent

S02 2 AR ARUNACHAL EAST 16-Apr-09 1 LOWANGCHA WANGLAT M 66 Arunachal Congress

2 NINONG ERING M 50 Indian National Congress

3 TAPIR GAO M 48 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 DR. SAMSON BORANG M 33 People’s Party of Arunachal

S03 1 AS KARIMGANJ 16-Apr-09 1 RAJESH MALLAH M 43 Assam United Democratic Front

2 LALIT MOHAN SUKLABAIDYA M 68 Indian National Congress

3 SUDHANGSHU DAS M 41 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 UTTAM NOMOSUDRA M 34 Independent

5 JOY DAS M 37 Independent

6 DEBASISH DAS M 36 Independent

7 PROBHASH CH. SARKAR M 36 Independent

8 BIJON ROY M 35 Independent

9 BIJOY MALAKAR M 42 Independent

10 MALATI ROY F 42 Independent

11 MILON SINGHA M 42 Independent

12 RANJAN NAMASUDRA M 41 Independent

13 RAJESH CHANDRA ROY M 29 Independent

14 SITAL PRASAD DUSAD M 55 Independent

15 HIMANGSHU KUMAR DAS M 28 Independent

S03 2 AS SILCHAR 16-Apr-09 1 KABINDRA PURKAYASTHA M 74 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 DIPAK BHATTACHARJEE M 69 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

3 BADRUDDIN AJMAL M 54 Assam United Democratic Front

4 SONTOSH MOHAN DEV M 75 Indian National Congress

5 KANTIMOY DEB M 60 Independent

6 CHANDAN RABIDAS M 34 Independent

7 JAYANTA MALLICK M 36 Independent

8 JOY SUNDAR DAS M 38 Independent

9 NAGENDRA CHANDRA DAS M 28 Independent

10 NAZRUL HAQUE MAZARBHUIYAN M 36 Independent

11 NABADWIP DAS M 58 Independent

12 PIJUSH KANTI DAS M 38 Independent

13 MANISH BHATTACHARJEE M 62 Independent

14 YOGENDRA KUMAR SINGH M 40 Independent

15 SUBIR DEB M 41 Independent

16 SUMIT ROY M 33 Independent

S03 3 AS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT 16-Apr-09 1 KULENDRA DAULAGUPU M 36 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 BIREN SINGH ENGTI M 64 Indian National Congress

3 HIDDHINATH RONGPI M 45 Nationalist Congress Party

4 ELWIN TERON M 48 Autonomous State Demand Committee

5 DR. JAYANTA RONGPI M 54 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

6 KABON TIMUNGPI F 56 Independent

S04 17 BR GOPALGANJ 16-Apr-09 1 ANIL KUMAR M 41 Rashtriya Janata Dal

2 JANAK RAM M 37 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 PURNMASI RAM M 52 Janata Dal (United)

4 RAMAI RAM M 66 Indian National Congress

5 MADHU BHARTI F 39 Loktantrik Samata Dal

6 RAM KUMAR MANJHI M 30 Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

7 RAMASHANKAR RAM M 43 Rashtriya Jan-Jagram Morcha

8 SATYADEO RAM M 39 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

9 ASHA DEVI F 46 Independent

10 DINANATH MANJHI M 31 Independent

11 DHARMENDRA KUMAR HAZRA M 41 Independent

12 BANITHA BAITHA F 25 Independent

13 RAJESH KUMAR RAM M 28 Independent

14 RAM SURAT RAM M 42 Independent

15 SHAMBHU DOM M 41 Independent

16 SURENDRA PASWAN M 28 Independent

S04 18 BR SIWAN 16-Apr-09 1 PARASH NATH PATHAK M 60 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 BRISHIN PATEL M 60 Janata Dal (United)

3 VIJAY SHANKER DUBEY M 60 Indian National Congress

4 HENA SHAHAB F 36 Rashtriya Janata Dal

5 AMAR NATH YADAV M 44 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

6 ASWANI KR. VERMA M 28 Indian Justice Party

7 MADHURI PANDAY F 35 Samajik Jantantrik Party

8 LAL BABU TIWARI M 55 Rashtriya Krantikari Samajwadi Party

9 UMESH TIWARY M 30 Independent

10 OM PRAKASH YADAV M 43 Independent

11 NIDHI KIRTI F 26 Independent

12 PRABHU NATH MALI M 26 Independent

13 DR. MUNESHWAR PRASAD M 68 Independent

14 RAJENDRA KUMAR M 36 Independent

15 SHAMBHU NATH PRASAD M 60 Independent

S04 19 BR MAHARAJGANJ 16-Apr-09 1 UMA SHANAKER SINGH M 61 Rashtriya Janata Dal

2 TARKESHWAR SINGH M 51 Indian National Congress

3 PRABHU NATH SINGH M 56 Janata Dal (United)

4 RAVINDRA NATH MISHRA M 54 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 RAMESH SINGH KUSHWAHA M 59 Loktantrik Samata Dal

6 SATYENDRA KR. SAHANI M 41 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

7 GAUTAM PRASAD M 30 Independent

8 DHURENDRA RAM M 47 Independent

9 NAYAN PRASAD M 53 Independent

10 PRADEEP MANJHI M 32 Independent

11 BANKE BIHARI SINGH M 25 Independent

12 RAJESH KUMAR SINGH M 26 Independent

13 BREENDA PATHAK M 63 Independent

S04 20 BR SARAN 16-Apr-09 1 RAJIV PRATAP RUDY M 48 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 LALU PRASAD M 60 Rashtriya Janata Dal

3 SALIM PERWEZ M 47 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 SANTOSH PATEL M 39 Loktantrik Samata Dal

5 SOHEL AKHATAR M 33 Bharatiya Momin Front

6 KUMAR BALRAM SINGH M 56 Independent

7 DHUPENDRA SINGH M 33 Independent

8 RAJKUMAR RAI M 33 Independent

9 RAJAN HRISHIKESH CHANDRA M 25 Independent

10 RAJARAM SAHANI M 49 Independent

11 LAL BABU RAY M 46 Independent

12 SHEO DAS SINGH M 74 Independent

S04 32 BR ARRAH 16-Apr-09 1 MEENA SINGH F 44 Janata Dal (United)

2 RAMA KISHORE SINGH M 46 Lok Jan Shakti Party

3 REETA SINGH F 40 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 HARIDWAR PRASAD SINGH M 64 Indian National Congress

5 AJIT PRASAD MEHTA M 43 Jawan Kisan Morcha

6 ARUN SINGH M 48 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

7 BHARAT BHUSAN PANDEY M 35 Akhil Bharatiya Jan Sangh

8 RAMADHAR SINGH M 48 Shivsena

9 SAMBHU PRASAD SHARMA M 57 All India Forward Bloc

10 SANTOSH KUMAR M 32 Rashtriya Dehat Morcha Party

11 SATYA NARAYAN YADAV M 67 Rashtra Sewa Dal

12 SAIYAD GANIUDDIN HAIDER M 42 Ambedkar National Congress

13 ASHOK KUMAR SINGH M 38 Independent

14 BHARAT SINGH SAHYOGI M 45 Independent

15 MAHESH RAM M 45 Independent

16 SOBH NATH SINGH M 39 Independent

S04 33 BR BUXAR 16-Apr-09 1 KAMLA KANT TIWARY M 67 Indian National Congress

2 JAGADA NAND SINGH M 65 Rashtriya Janata Dal

3 LAL MUNI CHOUBEY M 71 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 SHYAM LAL SINGH KUSHWAHA M 54 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 MOKARRAM HUSSAIN M 57 Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

6 MOHAN SAH M 33 Bharatiya Jantantrik Janta Dal

7 RAJENDRA SINGH MAURYA M 32 Loktantrik Samata Dal

8 DR. VIJENDRA NATH UPADHYAY M 37 Shivsena

9 SHYAM BIHARI BIND M 46 Janvadi Party(Socialist)

10 SATYENDRA OJHA M 27 Apna Dal

11 SUDAMA PRASAD M 41 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

12 SURESH WADEKAR M 38 Republican Party of India

13 KAMLESH CHOUDHARY M 35 Independent

14 JAI SINGH YADAV M 34 Independent

15 DADAN SINGH M 45 Independent

16 PRATIBHA DEVI F 40 Independent

17 PHULAN PANDIT M 44 Independent

18 RAJENDRA PASWAN M 33 Independent

19 LALLAN RUPNARAIN PATHAK M 65 Independent

20 SHIV CHARAN YADAV M 55 Independent

21 SUNIL KUMAR DUBEY M 32 Independent

22 SURENDRA KUMAR BHARTI M 38 Independent

S04 34 BR SASARAM 16-Apr-09 1 GANDHI AZAD M 62 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 MEIRA KUMAR F 63 Indian National Congress

3 MUNI LAL M 61 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 LALAN PASWAN M 45 Rashtriya Janata Dal

5 DUKHI RAM M 39 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

6 BABBAN CHAUDHARY M 39 Loktantrik Samata Dal

7 BALIRAM RAM M 43 Pragatisheel Manav Samaj Party

8 BHOLA PRASAD M 38 Indian Justice Party

9 RADHA DEBI F 28 Apna Dal

10 RAM NAGINA RAM M 41 Rashtriya Krantikari Janata Party

11 RAM YADI RAM M 72 Republican Party of India

12 PRAMOD KUMAR M 26 Independent

13 BHARAT RAM M 33 Independent

14 MUNIYA DEBI F 41 Independent

15 RAM PRAVESH RAM M 47 Independent

16 SURENDRA RAM M 39 Independent

S04 35 BR KARAKAT 16-Apr-09 1 AWADHESH KUMAR SINGH M 53 Indian National Congress

2 UPENDRA KUMAR SHARMA M 47 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 KANTI SINGH F 54 Rashtriya Janata Dal

4 MAHABALI SINGH M 54 Janata Dal (United)

5 AJAY KUMAR M 32 Republican Party of India (A)

6 JYOTI RASHMI F 30 Rashtra Sewa Dal

7 MUDREEKA YADAV M 59 Apna Dal

8 RAJ KISHOR MISRA M 30 Alpjan Samaj Party

9 RAJA RAM SINGH M 53 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

10 MD.SHAMIULLAH MANSOORI M 62 Shoshit Samaj Dal

11 ER.ABDUL SATAR M 62 Independent

12 AMAVAS RAM M 50 Independent

13 PRO. KAMTA PRASAD YADAV M 46 Independent

14 GIRISH NARAYAN SINGH M 48 Independent

15 SATISH PANDEY M 27 Independent

16 HARI PRASAD SINGH M 63 Independent

S04 36 BR JAHANABAD 16-Apr-09 1 DR. ARUN KUMAR M 49 Indian National Congress

2 JAGDISH SHARMA M 58 Janata Dal (United)

3 RAMADHAR SHARMA M 54 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 SURENDRA PRASAD YADAV M 51 Rashtriya Janata Dal

5 AYASHA KHATUN F 28 Loktantrik Samata Dal

6 PROF. JAI RAM PRASAD SINGH M 70 Shoshit Samaj Dal

7 TARA GUPTA F 62 Rashtriya Pragati Party

8 MAHANAND PRASAD M 41 Communist Party of India(Marxist-Leninist)(Liberation)

9 RAMASRAY PRASAD SINGH M 83 Rashtriya Lok Dal

10 MD. SAHABUDDIN JAHAN M 36 Bharatiya Sarvodaya Kranti Party

11 SHRAVAN KUMAR M 32 Lal Morcha

12 SADHU SINHA M 68 All India Forward Bloc

13 SYED AKBAR IMAM M 49 Akhil Bharatiya Ashok Sena

14 AJAY KUMAR VERMA M 41 Independent

15 ABHAY KUMAR ANIL M 41 Independent

16 DR. ARBIND KUMAR M 52 Independent

17 ARVIND PRASAD SINGH M 43 Independent

18 UPENDRA PRASAD M 31 Independent

19 JAGDISH YADAV M 40 Independent

20 PRIKSHIT SINGH M 36 Independent

21 PRABHAT KUMAR RANJAN M 32 Independent

22 RANJIT SHARMA M 28 Independent

23 RAKESHWAR KISHOR M 35 Independent

24 SIYA RAM PRASAD M 40 Independent

25 SUMIRAK SINGH M 50 Independent

S04 37 BR AURANGABAD 16-Apr-09 1 ARCHANA CHANDRA F 32 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 NIKHIL KUMAR M 67 Indian National Congress

3 SHAKIL AHMAD KHAN M 61 Rashtriya Janata Dal

4 SUSHIL KUMAR SINGH M 43 Janata Dal (United)

5 ANIL KUMAR SINGH M 36 Rashtra Sewa Dal

6 AMERIKA MAHTO M 48 Shoshit Samaj Dal

7 RAM KUMAR MEHTA M 37 Loktantrik Samata Dal

8 VIJAY PASWAN M 48 Bharatiya Sarvodaya Kranti Party

9 ASLAM ANSARI M 38 Independent

10 INDRA DEO RAM M 58 Independent

11 UDAY PASWAN M 41 Independent

12 PUNA DAS M 34 Independent

13 RANJEET KUMAR M 48 Independent

14 RAJENDRA YADAV M 42 Independent

15 RAMSWARUP PRASAD YADAV M 72 Independent

16 SANTOSH KUMAR M 40 Independent

S04 38 BR GAYA 16-Apr-09 1 KALAWATI DEVI F 27 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 RAMJI MANJHI M 49 Rashtriya Janata Dal

3 SANJIV PRASAD TONI M 52 Indian National Congress

4 HARI MANJHI M 47 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 DILIP PASWAN M 41 Navbharat Nirman Party

6 NIRANJAN KUMAR M 35 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

7 RAJESH KUMAR M 27 Loktantrik Samata Dal

8 RAMDEV ARYA PAAN M 67 Akhil Bharatiya Jan Sangh

9 AMAR NATH PRASAD M 35 Independent

10 KRISHNA CHOUDHARY M 26 Independent

11 KAIL DAS M 66 Independent

12 DIPAK PASWAN M 27 Independent

13 RAM KISHORE PASWAN M 36 Independent

14 RAMU PASWAN M 29 Independent

15 SHIV SHANKAR KUMAR M 33 Independent

16 SHYAM LAL MANJHI M 50 Independent

S04 39 BR NAWADA 16-Apr-09 1 GANESH SHANKAR VIDYARTHI M 85 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

2 BHOLA SINGH M 70 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 MASIH UDDIN M 36 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 VEENA DEVI F 36 Lok Jan Shakti Party

5 SUNILA DEVI F 38 Indian National Congress

6 UMAKANT RAHI M 37 Shoshit Samaj Dal

7 KAILASH PAL M 48 Bharatiya Sarvodaya Kranti Party

8 VIDHYAPATI SINGH M 46 Loktantrik Samata Dal

9 SURENDRA KUMAR CHAUDHARY M 45 Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

10 AKHILESH SINGH M 38 Independent

11 ANIL MEHTA M 36 Independent

12 KAUSHAL YADAV M 39 Independent

13 CHANCHALA DEVI F 33 Independent

14 DURGA PRASAD DHAR M 29 Independent

15 NAVIN KUMAR VERMA M 38 Independent

16 RAJ KISHOR RAJ M 43 Independent

17 RAJ BALLABH PRASAD M 46 Independent

18 RAJENDRA VISHAL M 44 Independent

19 RAJENDRA SINGH M 60 Independent

20 SHAMBHU PRASAD M 41 Independent

21 SUNIL KUMAR M 28 Independent

S04 40 BR JAMUI 16-Apr-09 1 ASHOK CHOUDHARY M 42 Indian National Congress

2 GAJADHAR RAJAK M 63 Communist Party of India

3 BHAGWAN DAS M 61 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 BHUDEO CHOUDHARY M 46 Janata Dal (United)

5 SHYAM RAJAK M 56 Rashtriya Janata Dal

6 ARJUN MANJHI M 45 Jago Party

7 UPENDRA RAVIDAS M 30 Samata Party

8 OM PRAKASH PASWAN M 62 Loktantrik Samata Dal

9 GULAB CHANDRA PASWAN M 58 Rashtriya Krantikari Janata Party

10 NUNDEO MANJHI M 54 Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)

11 PRASADI PASWAN M 37 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha

12 SUBHASH PASWAN M 36 Samajtantric Party of India

13 KAPILDEO DAS M 55 Independent

14 JAY SEKHAR MANJHI M 48 Independent

15 PAPPU RAJAK M 40 Independent

16 YOGENDRA PASWAN M 37 Independent

17 VIJAY PASWAN M 29 Independent

18 BILAKSHAN RAVIDAS M 51 Independent

19 SARYUG PASWAN M 65 Independent

S09 6 JK JAMMU 16-Apr-09 1 S.TARLOK SINGH M 59 Jammu & Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party

2 HUSSAIN ALI M 48 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 LILA KARAN SHARMA M 68 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 MADAN LAL SHARMA M 56 Indian National Congress

5 UDAY CHAND M 55 Duggar Pradesh Party

6 SURJIT SINGH ‘G’ SITARA M 58 Rashtriya Krantikari Samajwadi Party

7 SANT RAM M 73 Bharatiya Bahujan Party

8 SANJEEV KUMAR MANMOTRA M 42 Lok Jan Shakti Party

9 QARI ZAHIR ABBAS BHATTI M 39 All India Forward Bloc

10 ABDUL MAJEED MALIK M 37 Backward Classes Democratic Party, J&K

11 ASHOK KUMAR M 45 Independent

12 BALWAN SINGH M 35 Independent

13 PARAS RAM POONCHI M 56 Independent

14 RAMESH CHANDER SHARMA M 36 Independent

15 SATISH POONCHI M 60 Independent

16 SANJAY KUMAR M 39 Independent

17 SHAKEELA BANO F 32 Independent

18 LABHA RAM GANDHI M 46 Independent

19 CH. MUSHTAQ HUSSAIN CHOUHAN M 38 Independent

20 NARESH DOGRA M 40 Independent

21 HILAL AHMED BAIG M 29 Independent

S11 1 KL KASARAGOD 16-Apr-09 1 P KARUNAKARAN M 64 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

2 K.H.MADHAVI F 35 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 SHAHIDA KAMAL F 40 Indian National Congress

4 K. SURENDRAN M 37 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 ABBAS MUTHALAPPARA M 47 Independent

6 MOHAN NAYAK M 73 Independent

7 P.K. RAMAN M 48 Independent

S11 2 KL KANNUR 16-Apr-09 1 P.P KARUNAKARAN MASTER M 61 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 K.K BALAKRISHNAN NAMBIAR M 52 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 K.K RAGESH M 38 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

4 K. SUDHAKARAN M 60 Indian National Congress

5 P.I. CHANDRASEKHARAN M 53 The Humanist Party of India

6 JOHNSON ALIAS SUNNY AMBATT M 48 Independent

7 K. RAGESH S/O. JANARDHANAN M 33 Independent

8 PATTATHIL RAGHAVAN M 82 Independent

9 K. SUDHAKARAN KAVINTE ARIKATH M 39 Independent

S11 3 KL VADAKARA 16-Apr-09 1 ADV.K. NOORUDHEEN MUSALIAR M 56 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 MULLAPPALLY RAMACHANDRAN M 64 Indian National Congress

3 K.P SREESAN M 49 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 ADV. P. SATHEEDEVI F 52 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

5 T.P CHANDRASEKHARAN M 47 Independent

6 NAROTH RAMACHANDRAN M 58 Independent

7 P.SATHIDEVI PALLIKKAL F 36 Independent

8 SATHEEDEVI F 42 Independent

S11 4 KL WAYANAD 16-Apr-09 1 K. MURALEEDHARAN M 51 Nationalist Congress Party

2 RAJEEV JOSEPH M 40 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 C. VASUDEVAN MASTER M 65 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 M.I. SHANAVAS M 57 Indian National Congress

5 ADVOCATE. M. RAHMATHULLA M 48 Communist Party of India

6 KALLANGODAN ABDUL LATHEEF M 46 Independent

7 CLETUS M 52 Independent

8 DR. NALLA THAMPY THERA M 75 Independent

9 ADVOCATE. SHANAVAS MALAPPURAM M 36 Independent

10 SHANAVAS MANAKULANGARA PARAMBIL M 29 Independent

11 SUNNY PONNAMATTOM M 58 Independent

12 M.P. RAHMATH M 30 Independent

13 RAHMATHULLA POOLADAN M 36 Independent

S11 5 KL KOZHIKODE 16-Apr-09 1 A.K. ABDUL NASAR M 35 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 ADV. P.A. MOHAMED RIYAS M 33 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

3 V. MURALEEDHARAN M 49 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 M.K. RAGHAVAN M 57 Indian National Congress

5 ADV. P. KUMARANKUTTY M 64 Independent

6 K. MUHAMMED RIYAS M 27 Independent

7 P. MUHAMMED RIYAS M 28 Independent

8 P.A. MOHAMMED RIYAS M 37 Independent

9 MUDOOR MUHAMMED HAJI M 44 Independent

10 K. RAGHAVAN M 44 Independent

11 P. RAMACHANDRAN NAIR M 63 Independent

12 M. RAGHAVAN M 65 Independent

13 VINOD K. M 33 Independent

14 ADV. SABI JOSEPH M 60 Independent

15 DR. D.SURENDRANATH M 60 Independent

16 RIYAS M 31 Independent

S11 6 KL MALAPPURAM 16-Apr-09 1 ADV.E.A. ABOOBACKER M 52 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 ADV. N. ARAVINDAN M 43 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 E. AHAMED M 70 Muslim League Kerala State Committee

4 T.K. HAMSA M 71 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

S11 7 KL PONNANI 16-Apr-09 1 K. JANACHANDRAN MASTER M 57 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 P.K. MUHAMMED M 56 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 E.T. MUHAMMED BASHEER M 62 Muslim League Kerala State Committee

4 ABDUREHMAN M 32 Independent

5 DR. AZAD M 45 Independent

6 PULLANI GOVINDAN M 64 Independent

7 DR. HUSSAIN RANTATHANI M 51 Independent

8 HUSSAIN EDAYATH M 29 Independent

9 HUSSAIN KADAIKKAL M 37 Independent

10 HUSSAIN PERICHAYIL M 42 Independent

11 HUSSAIN M 29 Independent

12 DR. HUSSAIN M 40 Independent

13 K. SADANANDAN M 62 Independent

S11 8 KL PALAKKAD 16-Apr-09 1 ABDUL RAZAK MOULAVI M 47 Nationalist Congress Party

2 CHANDRAN. V M 63 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 C.K. PADMANABHAN M 60 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 M.B. RAJESH M 34 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

5 SATHEESAN PACHENI M 41 Indian National Congress

6 A. AROKIASAMY M 61 Independent

7 M.R. MURALI M 43 Independent

8 N.V. RAJESH M 35 Independent

9 VIJAYAN AMBALAKKAD M 42 Independent

10 SATHEESAN. E.V M 37 Independent

S11 9 KL ALATHUR 16-Apr-09 1 P.K BIJU M 34 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

2 M. BINDU TEACHER F 35 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 DR. G SUDEVAN M 61 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 N.K SUDHEER M 44 Indian National Congress

5 K. GOPALAKRISHNAN M 39 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

6 BIJU K.K M 38 Independent

7 P.C BIJU M 36 Independent

8 C.K RAMAKRISHNAN M 43 Independent

9 K.K SUDHIR M 44 Independent

S11 10 KL THRISSUR 16-Apr-09 1 P C CHACKO M 62 Indian National Congress

2 C N JAYADEVAN M 58 Communist Party of India

3 ADV. JOSHY THARAKAN M 42 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 REMA REGUNANDAN F 48 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 AJAYAN KUTTIKAT M 36 Janata Dal (United)

6 K ARUN KUMAR M 39 Independent

7 KUNJAN PULAYAN M 52 Independent

8 E A JOSEPH M 49 Independent

9 N K RAVI M 46 Independent

10 P C SAJU M 35 Independent

11 ADV. N HARIHARAN NAIR M 63 Independent

S11 11 KL CHALAKUDY 16-Apr-09 1 ADV. U.P JOSEPH M 45 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

2 K.P. DHANAPALAN M 59 Indian National Congress

3 MUTTAM ABDULLA M 49 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 ADV.K.V. SABU M 47 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 HAMSA KALAPARAMBATH M 47 Lok Jan Shakti Party

6 JOHNNY K CHEEKU M 47 Independent

7 JOSE MAVELI M 58 Independent

8 U.P JOSE M 45 Independent

9 DR. P.S. BABU M 42 Independent

10 T.S NARAYANAN MASTER M 67 Independent

11 C.A. HASEENA F 36 Independent

S11 12 KL ERNAKULAM 16-Apr-09 1 PROF. K V THOMAS M 61 Indian National Congress

2 A.N. RADHAKRISHNAN M 49 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 SHERIF MOHAMMED M 56 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 SINDHU JOY F 32 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

5 SAJU THOMAS M 43 Lok Jan Shakti Party

6 MARY FRANCIS MOOLAMPILLY F 59 Independent

7 VISWAMBARAN M 59 Independent

8 SAJI THURUTHIKUNNEL M 37 Independent

9 SINDHU K.S F 36 Independent

10 SINDHU JAYAN F 38 Independent

S11 13 KL IDUKKI 16-Apr-09 1 ADV. P.T THOMAS M 59 Indian National Congress

2 ADV. K. FRANCIS GEORGE M 54 Kerala Congress

3 ADV. BIJU M JOHN M 40 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 SREENAGARI RAJAN M 49 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 VASUDEVAN M 39 Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katch

6 ADV. CHITTOOR RAJAMANNAR M 50 Independent

7 JOSE KUTTIYANY M 69 Independent

8 KANCHIYAR PEETHAMBARAN M 45 Independent

9 BABY M 51 Independent

10 M A SOOSAI M 45 Independent

S11 14 KL KOTTAYAM 16-Apr-09 1 JOSE K.MANI M 44 Kerala Congress (M)

2 ADV. NARAYANAN NAMBOOTHIRI M 48 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 ADV. SURESH KURUP M 52 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

4 SPENCER MARKS M 39 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 ADV. JAIMON THANKACHAN M 39 Samajwadi Jan Parishad

6 ANTO P JOHN M 41 Independent

7 JUNO JOHN BABY M 34 Independent

8 JOSE M 45 Independent

9 JOSE MATHEW M 32 Independent

10 JOSE K. MANI M 32 Independent

11 BABU M 41 Independent

12 K.T MATHEW M 50 Independent

13 MINI K PHILIP F 41 Independent

14 M.S RAVEENDRAN M 49 Independent

15 K. RAJAPPAN M 57 Independent

16 SASIKUTTAN VAKATHANAM M 53 Independent

17 SURESH N.B KURUP M 26 Independent

18 SURESHKUMAR K M 33 Independent

19 SURESHKUMAR T.R M 36 Independent

20 SURESH KURUMBAN M 36 Independent

S11 15 KL ALAPPUZHA 16-Apr-09 1 DR. K.S MANOJ M 43 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

2 K.C VENUGOPAL M 46 Indian National Congress

3 K.S PRASAD M 54 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 P.J KURIAN M 63 Janata Dal (United)

5 S. SEETHILAL M 45 Independent

6 SONY J. KALYANKUMAR M 51 Independent

S11 16 KL MAVELIKKARA 16-Apr-09 1 R.S ANIL M 34 Communist Party of India

2 KODIKKUNNIL SURESH M 46 Indian National Congress

3 DR. N.D MOHAN M 56 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 P.M VELAYUDHAN M 52 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 ANIL KUMAR M 26 Independent

6 K.S SASIKALA F 40 Independent

7 SOORANAD SUKUMARAN M 60 Independent

S11 17 KL PATHANAMTHITTA 16-Apr-09 1 ANANTHA GOPAN M 61 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

2 ANTO ANTONY M 52 Indian National Congress

3 KARUNAKARAN NAIR M 78 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 MANI C.KAPPEN M 51 Nationalist Congress Party

5 RADHAKRISHNA MENON M 44 Bharatiya Janata Party

6 KUNJU PILLAI M 60 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

7 ANTO M 33 Independent

8 JYOTHISH M.R M 37 Independent

9 THAMBI M 40 Independent

10 NIRANAM RAJAN M 47 Independent

11 PUSHPANGADAN M 40 Independent

12 MATHEW PAREY M 26 Independent

S11 18 KL KOLLAM 16-Apr-09 1 ADVT. K M JAYANANDAN M 52 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 N.PEETHAMBARAKURUP M 66 Indian National Congress

3 VAYAKKAL MADHU M 48 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 P.RAJENDRAN M 58 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

5 ADV.ANU SASI M 28 Independent

6 KRISHNAMMAL F 59 Independent

7 K A JOHN M 55 Independent

8 N.PEETHAMBARAKURUP M 61 Independent

9 S.PRADEEP KUMAR M 30 Independent

10 S.RADHAKRISHNAN M 47 Independent

11 R.ZAKIEER HUSSAIN M 37 Independent

S11 19 KL ATTINGAL 16-Apr-09 1 PROF.G BALACHANDRAN M 63 Indian National Congress

2 THOTTAKKADU SASI M 54 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 ADV. A SAMPATH M 46 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

4 J SUDHAKARAN M 60 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 SREENATH M 53 Shivsena

6 JAYAKUMAR M 56 Independent

7 BALACHANDRAN M 51 Independent

8 BALACHNDRAN C P M 59 Independent

9 MURALI KUMAR M 43 Independent

10 J VIJAYAKUMAR M 49 Independent

11 VIVEKANANDAN M 59 Independent

12 SHAMSUDEEN M 56 Independent

13 SAJIMON M 25 Independent

14 SAIFUDEEN M M 55 Independent

S11 20 KL THIRUVANANTHAPURAM 16-Apr-09 1 P K KRISHNA DAS M 45 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 M.P.GANGADHARAN M 74 Nationalist Congress Party

3 DR.A NEELALOHITHADASAN NADAR M 61 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 ADV. P RAMACHANDRAN NAIR M 57 Communist Party of India

5 SHASHI THAROOR M 53 Indian National Congress

6 AJITHKUMAR.K M 41 All India Trinamool Congress

7 JAIN WILSON M 41 Bahujan Shakty

8 G ASHOKAN M 47 Independent

9 T.GEORGE M 40 Independent

10 DILEEP M 28 Independent

11 U.NAHURMIRAN PEERU MOHAMMED M 49 Independent

12 PRATHAPAN M 54 Independent

13 MOHANAN JOSHWA M 49 Independent

14 SASI – JANAKI SADAN M 39 Independent

15 SASI – KALAPURAKKAL M 51 Independent

16 SHAJAR KHAN M 38 Independent

S13 5 MH BULDHANA 16-Apr-09 1 JADHAV PRATAPRAO GANPATRAO M 49 Shivsena

2 DANDGE VASANTRAO SUGDEO M 55 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 SHINGNE DR.RAJENDRA BHASKARRAO M 48 Nationalist Congress Party

4 AMARDEEP BALASAHEB DESHMUKH M 27 Krantisena Maharashtra

5 QURRASHI SK.SIKANDAR SK. SHAUKAT M 33 Democratic Secular Party

6 GAJANAN RAJARAM SIRSAT M 27 Rashtriya Samaj Paksha

7 DHOKNE RAVINDRA TULSHRAMJI M 44 Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

8 FERAN CHADRAHAS JAGDEO M 54 Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha

9 GANESH ARJUN ZORE M 25 Independent

10 TAYDE VITTHAL PANDHARI M 56 Independent

11 DEVIDAS PIRAJI SARKATE M 35 Independent

12 SY. BILAL SY. USMAN M 38 Independent

13 BHARAT PUNJAJI SHINGANE M 40 Independent

14 RAJESH NIKANTHRAO TATHE M 52 Independent

15 RATHOD CHHAGAN BABULAL M 29 Independent

S13 6 MH AKOLA 16-Apr-09 1 DHOTRE SANJAY SHAMRAO M 50 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 BABASAHEB DHABEKAR M 78 Indian National Congress

3 ATIK AHAMAD GU. JILANI M 34 Democratic Secular Party

4 AMBEDKAR PRAKASH YASHWANT M 56 Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

5 GANESH TULSHIRAM TATHE M 49 Kranti Kari Jai Hind Sena

6 DIPAK SHRIRAM TIRAKE M 33 Rashtriya Samaj Paksha

7 AJABRAO UTTAMRAO BHONGADE M 36 Independent

8 THAKURDAS GOVIND CHOUDHARI M 39 Independent

9 MUJAHID KHAN CHAND KHAN M 42 Independent

10 RAUT DEVIDAS ANANDRAO M 45 Independent

11 WASUDEORAO KHADE GURUJI M 68 Independent

S13 7 MH AMRAVATI 16-Apr-09 1 ADSUL ANANDRAO VITHOBA M 61 Shivsena

2 GANGADHAR GADE M 62 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 UGLE SUNIL NAMDEV M 32 Peoples Republican Party

4 UBALE SHRIKRISHNA CHAMPATRAO M 62 Ambedkarist Republican Party

5 KESHAV DASHARATH WANKHADE M 38 Kranti Kari Jai Hind Sena

6 GAWAI RAJENDRA RAMKRUSHNA M 46 Republican Party of India

7 PRINCIPAL GOPICHAND SURYABHAN MESHRAM M 52 Republican Paksha (Khoripa)

8 BARSE MANOHAR DAULATRAO M 53 Indian Union Muslim League

9 SAU MAMATA VINAYAK KANDALKAR F 31 Assam United Democratic Front

10 DR. HEMANTKUMAR RAMBHAU MAHURE M 34 Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

11 AMOL DEVIDASRAO JADHAV M 25 Independent

12 UMAK SHRIKRUSHNA SHYAMRAO M 57 Independent

13 BANDU SAMPATRAO SANE (BANDYA L.S.) M 43 Independent

14 BHAURAO SHRIRAM CHHAPANE M 38 Independent

15 MITHUN HIRAMAN GAIKWAD M 51 Independent

16 PROF. MUKUND VITTHALRAO KHAIRE M 51 Independent

17 DR. RAJIV GULABRAO JAMTHE M 53 Independent

18 RAJU MAHADEVRAO SONONE M 38 Independent

19 VISHWANATH GOTUJI JAMNEKAR M 60 Independent

20 SUDHAKAR VYANKAT RAMTEKE (MAJI SAINIK) M 25 Independent

21 ADV. SUDHIR HIRAMAN TAYADE M 42 Independent

22 SUNIL PRABHU RAMTEKE M 37 Independent

S13 8 MH WARDHA 16-Apr-09 1 KANGALE BIPIN BABASAHEB M 32 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 DATTA MEGHE M 72 Indian National Congress

3 SURESH GANPATRAO WAGHMARE M 48 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 DIWATE RAMESH MADHAORAO M 46 Krantisena Maharashtra

5 NARAYANRAO RAMJI CHIDAM M 68 Gondvana Gantantra Party

6 DR. NITIN KESHORAO CHAVAN M 46 Peoples Republican Party

7 PYARE SAHAB SHEIKH KARIM M 41 Democratic Secular Party

8 BHOSE KAILAS VISHWASRAO M 36 Gondwana Mukti Sena

9 ADV. SURESH SHINDE M 42 Indian Justice Party

10 SANGITA SUNIL ALIAS SONU KAMBLE F 33 Ambedkarist Republican Party

11 ISHWARKUMAR SHANKARRAO GHARPURE M 50 Independent

12 GUNWANT TUKARAMJI DAWANDE M 70 Independent

13 JAGANNATH NILKANTHRAO RAUT M 54 Independent

14 TAGADE VISHWESHWAR AWADHUTRAO M 47 Independent

15 RAMTEKE PRAKASH BAKARAM M 60 Independent

16 SARANG PRAKASHRAO YAWALKAR M 31 Independent

S13 9 MH RAMTEK 16-Apr-09 1 TUMANE KRUPAL BALAJI M 43 Shivsena

2 PRAKASHBHAU KISHAN TEMBHURNE M 34 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 WASNIK MUKUL BALKRISHNA M 49 Indian National Congress

4 KUMBHARE SULEKHA NARAYAN F 49 Bahujan Republican Ekta Manch

5 DESHPANDE SANJAY SAOJI M 44 Hindustan Janta Party

6 NAGARKAR PRASHANT HANSRAJ M 34 Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

7 NANDKISHOR SADHUJI DONGRE M 34 Gondvana Gantantra Party

8 BAGDE SUJEET WASUDEORAO M 43 Janata Dal (Secular)

9 PROF. BORKAR PRADIP DARYAV M 48 Republican Paksha (Khoripa)

10 MAYATAI CHAWRE (UTWAL) F 37 Samajwadi Party

11 VISKAS RAJARAM DAMLE M 41 Republican Party of India (Khobragade)

12 SEEMA JEEVAN RAMTEKE F 36 Democratic Secular Party

13 SANDIP SHESHRAO GAJBHIYE M 36 Gondwana Mukti Sena

14 ASHISH ARUN NAGARARE M 28 Independent

15 KHUSHAL UDARAMJI TUMANE M 53 Independent

16 DHONE ANIL M 43 Independent

17 ADV. DUPARE ULHAS SHALIKRAM M 42 Independent

18 BARWE MADHUKAR DOMAJI M 43 Independent

19 ADV. YUVRAJ ANANDRAOJI BAGDE M 34 Independent

20 RURESH MANGALDAS BORKAR M 33 Independent

S13 10 MH NAGPUR 16-Apr-09 1 PUROHIT BANWARILAL BHAGWANDAS M 69 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 ENGINEER MANIKRAO VAIDYA M 56 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 MUTTEMWAR VILASRAO BABURAOJI M 60 Indian National Congress

4 ARUN SHAMRAO JOSHI M 58 Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha

5 KUMBHARE SULEKHA NARAYAN F 49 Bahujan Republican Ekta Manch

6 ADV. GAJANAN SADASHIV KAWALE M 51 Republican Paksha (Khoripa)

7 DILIP MANGAL MADAVI M 44 Gondvana Gantantra Party

8 MEHMOOD KHAN RAHEEM KHAN M 27 Democratic Secular Party

9 DR. YASHWANT MANOHAR M 66 Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

10 RAUT RAMESHCHANDRA M 56 Prabuddha Republican Party

11 RAJESH SUKHDEV GAIKWAD M 32 Kranti Kari Jai Hind Sena

12 ADV. VASANTA UMRE M 50 Democratic Party of India

13 SOMKUWAR VIJAY SITARAM M 41 Ambedkarist Republican Party

14 AZIZUR REHMAN SHEIKH M 46 Independent

15 ASHISH ARUN NAGRARE M 28 Independent

16 ADV. UPASHA BANSI TAYWADE M 67 Independent

17 JAGDISH RAGHUNATH AMBADE M 44 Independent

18 PRATIBHA UDAY KHAPARDE F 35 Independent

19 PREMDAS RAMCHANDRA RAMTEKE M 48 Independent

20 BARPATRE CHANDRABHAN SOMAJI M 48 Independent

21 BLASAHEB ALIAS PRAMOD RAMAJI SHAMBHARKAR M 40 Independent

22 MOHAMAD HABIB REEZAVI M 50 Independent

23 RAJESHKUMAR MOHANLAL PUGALIA M 37 Independent

24 RAHUL MADHUKAR DESHMUKH M 34 Independent

25 VIJAY DEVRAO DHAKATE M 26 Independent

26 SUNIL GAYAPRASAD MISHRA M 41 Independent

27 PROF. DNYANESH WAKUDKAR M 52 Independent

S13 11 MH BHANDARA – GONDIYA 16-Apr-09 1 GANVIR SHIVKUMAR NAGARCHI M 56 Communist Party of India

2 JAISWAL VIRENDRAKUMAR KASTURCHAND M 53 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 PATLE SHISHUPAL NATTHUJI M 42 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 PATEL PRAFUL MANOHARBHAI M 52 Nationalist Congress Party

5 UNDIRWADE HEMANT JAGIVAN M 45 Prabuddha Republican Party

6 JAMAIWAR SUNIL PARASRAM M 38 Rashtriya Samaj Paksha

7 PATHAN MUSHTAK LATIF M 32 Democratic Secular Party

8 PRATIBHA VASANT PIMPALKAR F 38 Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

9 WASNIK SUNIL MANIRAM M 38 Republican Paksha (Khoripa)

10 UKEY CHINDHUJI LAKHAJI M 50 Independent

11 GAJBHIYE BRAMHASWARUP BABURAO M 33 Independent

12 GAJBHIYE RAJENDRA MAHADEO M 35 Independent

13 ADV. DHANANJAY SHAMLALJI RAJABHOJ M 50 Independent

14 NANABHAU FALGUNRAO PATOLE M 47 Independent

15 PATLE AKARSING SITARAM M 36 Independent

16 PROF. DR. BHASKARRAO MAHADEORAO JIBHAKATE M 63 Independent

17 MIRZA WAHIDBEG AHAMADBEG M 33 Independent

18 YELE GANESHRAM SUKHRAM M 54 Independent

19 RAHANGADALE MULCHAND OLGAN M 56 Independent

20 DR. RAMSAJIVAN KAWDU LILHARE M 60 Independent

21 SADANAND SHRAWANJI GANVIR M 40 Independent

S13 12 MH GADCHIROLI-CHIMUR 16-Apr-09 1 ASHOK MAHADEORAO NETE M 45 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 ATRAM RAJE SATYAWANRAO M 58 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 KOWASE MAROTRAO SAINUJI M 59 Indian National Congress

4 NAMDEO ANANDRAO KANNAKE M 50 Communist Party of India

5 PROFFESOR KHANDALE KAWDU TULSHIRAM M 69 Kranti Kari Jai Hind Sena

6 ADV. DADMAL PRABHAKAR MAHAGUJI M 54 Peoples Republican Party

7 PENDAM DIWAKAR GULAB M 38 Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

8 PENDAM PURUSHOTTAM ZITUJI M 35 Democratic Secular Party

9 VIJAY SURAJSING MADAVI M 39 Gondvana Gantantra Party

10 JAMBHULE NARAYAN DINABAJI M 54 Independent

11 DINESH TUKARAM MADAVI M 28 Independent

S13 13 MH CHANDRAPUR 16-Apr-09 1 AHIR HANSARAJ GANGARAM M 54 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 PUGALIA NARESH M 60 Indian National Congress

3 ADV. HAZARE DATTABHAU KRUSHNARAO M 52 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 KHARTAD LOMESH MAROTI M 55 Rashtrawadi Sena

5 KHOBRAGADE DESHAK GIRISHBABU M 38 Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

6 CHATAP WAMAN SADASHIVRAO M 58 Swatantra Bharat Paksha

7 JAWED ABDUL KURESHI ALIAS PROF. JAWED PASHA M 47 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha

8 JITENDRA ADAKU RAUT M 32 Akhil Bhartiya Manavata Paksha

9 DANGE NATTHU BHAURAO M 41 Ambedkarist Republican Party

10 PATHAN A. RAZZAK KHAN HAYAT KHAN M 44 Samajwadi Party

11 MASRAM NIRANJAN SHIVRAM M 42 Gondvana Gantantra Party

12 KALE DAMODHAR LAXMAN M 85 Independent

13 QURESHI IKHALAQ MOHD. YUSUF M 51 Independent

14 GODE NARAYAN SHAHUJI M 42 Independent

15 DEKATE BHASKAR PARASHRAM M 55 Independent

16 MADHUKAR VITTHALRAO NISTANE M 43 Independent

17 MESHRAM CHARANDAS JANGLUJI M 65 Independent

18 RAMESH RAGHOBAJI TAJNE M 45 Independent

19 VINOD DINANATH MESHRAM M 34 Independent

20 VIRENDRA TARACHANDJI PUGLIA M 53 Independent

21 SHATRUGHN VYANKATRAO SONPIMPLE M 37 Independent

22 SANJAY NILKANTH GAWANDE M 45 Independent

23 HIWARKAR SUDHIR MOTIRAMJI M 43 Independent

S13 14 MH YAVATMAL-WASHIM 16-Apr-09 1 YEDATKAR DILIP LAXMANRAO M 50 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 BHAVANA GAWALI (PATIL) F 36 Shivsena

3 HARISING RATHOD M 54 Indian National Congress

4 UTTAM BHAGAJI KAMBLE M 41 Prabuddha Republican Party

5 KURESHI SK. MEHBUB SK.FATTU M 44 Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

6 KWAJA NASIRODDINE KHAN M 29 Democratic Secular Party

7 GAJANAN KASHIRAM PATIL (HEMBADE) M 26 Krantisena Maharashtra

8 DHAGE VITTHAL MAHADEV M 45 Rashtriya Samaj Paksha

9 MANIYAR YUNUS MAHMOOD ZAHMI M 50 Assam United Democratic Front

10 MOHMMAD KHAN AZIZ KHAN M 43 Samajwadi Party

11 ATHAWALE SADANAND PRALHADRAO M 39 Independent

12 GAJANAN BURMAL DODWADE M 36 Independent

13 NETAJI SITARAMJI KINAKE M 58 Independent

14 NANDKISHOR NARAYANRAO THAKARE M 34 Independent

15 PAWAR RAMESH GORSING M 53 Independent

16 PURUSHOTTAM DOMAJI BHAJGAWRE M 48 Independent

17 MADHUKAR SHIVDASPPA GORATE M 67 Independent

18 MANOJ JANARDAN PATIL M 38 Independent

19 MUKHADE SAU. LALITARAI SUBHASHRAO F 32 Independent

20 MESHRAM BANDU GANPAT M 40 Independent

21 MOHD. INAMURRAHIM MOHD. MUSA M 51 Independent

22 RAVINDRA ALIAS RAVIPAL MADHUKARRAO GANDHE M 32 Independent

23 RAJKUMAR NARAYAN BHUJADALE M 35 Independent

24 RATHOD DEVISING RAMA M 56 Independent

25 SD. VHIDODDIN SD. KRIMODDIN M 44 Independent

26 VISHNU KASINATH TAWKAR M 47 Independent

27 SURESH BABAN PEDEKAR M 33 Independent

28 SURESH BHIVA TARAL M 29 Independent

S13 15 MH HINGOLI 16-Apr-09 1 DR. B.D. CHAVHAN M 45 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 SUBHASH BAPURAO WANDHEDE M 46 Shivsena

3 SURYAKANTA JAIWANTRAO PATIL F 63 Nationalist Congress Party

4 UTTAMRAO DAGADUJI BHAGAT M 65 Prabuddha Republican Party

5 AJAS NOORMINYA M 32 Democratic Secular Party

6 NAIK MADHAVRAO BAHENARAO M 65 Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

7 VINAYAK SHRIRAM BHISE M 27 Krantisena Maharashtra

8 GUNDEKAR SANJAY ADELU M 35 Independent

9 PATHAN SATTAR KASIMKHAN M 38 Independent

10 PACHPUTE RAMPRASAD KISHANRAO M 41 Independent

11 MD. A. MUJIM ANSARI A. M 33 Independent

S13 16 MH NANDED 16-Apr-09 1 KHATGAONK PATIL BHASKARRAO BAPURAO M 65 Indian National Congress

2 MD. MAKBUL SALIM HAJI MD. KHAJA M 60 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 SAMBHAJI PAWAR M 60 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 ALTAF AHMAD EAKBAL AHMAD M 43 Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

5 KHADE SANJAY WAMANRAO M 29 Prabuddha Republican Party

6 TIWARI RAMA BHAGIRAT F 40 Rashtriya Samaj Paksha

7 ADV. C.S. BAHETI M 56 Janata Party

8 MORE RAJESH EKNATHRAO M 34 Krantisena Maharashtra

9 A. RAEES A. JABBAR M 36 Ambedkar National Congress

10 SHINDE PREETI MADHUKAR F 27 Jan Surajya Shakti

11 SHUDHIR YASHWANT SURVE M 40 Kranti Kari Jai Hind Sena

12 COM. ASHOK NAGORAO GHAYALE M 40 Independent

13 ANAND JADHAV HOTALKAR M 42 Independent

14 KOREWAR BALAJI NARSING M 38 Independent

15 JADHAV VISHNU MAROTI M 35 Independent

16 NAVGHARE ANAND PANDURANG M 48 Independent

17 NARAYAN SURYAVANSHI DOANGONKAR M 63 Independent

18 PATHAN ZAFAR ALI KHAN MAHEMUD ALI KHAN M 63 Independent

19 ‘AIDS MAN’ PRAKASH TATERAO LANDGE M 40 Independent

20 BHARANDE RAMCHANDRA GANGARAM M 31 Independent

21 ADV. RAMRAO PANDURANG WAGHMARE M 52 Independent

22 HANMANTE VIJAY CHANDRAO M 35 Independent

S13 17 MH PARBHANI 16-Apr-09 1 ADV. DUDHGAONKAR GANESHRAO NAGORAO M 64 Shivsena

2 RAJSHRI BABASAHEB JAMAGE F 46 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 WARPUDKAR SURESH AMBADASRAO M 60 Nationalist Congress Party

4 AJIM AHMED KHAN AJIJ KHAN M 32 Democratic Secular Party

5 ASHOKRAO BABARAO AMBHORE M 46 Ambedkar National Congress

6 KACHOLE MANAVENDRA SAWALARAM M 65 Swatantra Bharat Paksha

7 KALE VYANKATRAO BHIMRAO M 31 Krantisena Maharashtra

8 NAMDEV LIMBAJI KACHAVE M 68 Kranti Kari Jai Hind Sena

9 BHAND GANGADHAR SAKHARAM M 70 Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha

10 MULE BABAN DATTARAO M 41 Rashtriya Samaj Paksha

11 RUMALE TUKARAM DHONDIBA M 51 Prabuddha Republican Party

12 SAYYAD EKRAMODDIN SAYYAD MUNIRODDIN M 58 Lok Vikas Party

13 ASAD BIN ABDULLAHA BIN M 43 Independent

14 JAMEEL AHMED SK. AHMED M 44 Independent

15 DR. DESHMUKH KISHANRAO JANARDHANRAO (EX-SERVICEMAN) M 74 Independent

16 RATHOD RAMRAO DHANSING SIR M 58 Independent

17 SHINDE LAXMAN EKANATH M 36 Independent

18 SAMAR GORAKHNATH PAWAR M 41 Independent

19 SALVE SUDHAKAR UMAJI M 47 Independent

S14 2 MN OUTER MANIPUR 16-Apr-09 1 THANGSO BAITE M 56 Indian National Congress

2 D. LOLI ADANEE M 56 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 L.B. SONA M 58 Nationalist Congress Party

4 M. JAMKHONGAM @ M. YAMKHONGAM HAOKIP M 49 Rashtriya Janata Dal

5 THANGKHANGIN M 53 Lok Jan Shakti Party

6 MANI CHARENAMEI M 50 Peoples Democratic Alliance

7 VALLEY ROSE HUNGYO F 53 Independent

8 MANGSHI (ROSE MANGSHI HAOKIP) F 63 Independent

9 LAMLALMOI GANGTE M 33 Independent

S15 1 ML SHILLONG 16-Apr-09 1 DALINGTON DYMPEP M 78 Communist Party of India

2 JOHN FILMORE KHARSHIING M 46 United Democratic Party

3 VINCENT H PALA M 41 Indian National Congress

4 P. B. M. BASAIAWMOIT M 60 Hill State People’s Democratic Party

5 MARTLE N.MUKHIM M 59 Meghalaya Democratic Party

6 DENIS SIANGSHAI M 44 Independent

7 TIEROD PASSAH M 45 Independent

S15 2 ML TURA 16-Apr-09 1 AGATHA K. SANGMA F 28 Nationalist Congress Party

2 DEBORA C. MARAK F 43 Indian National Congress

3 BOSTON MARAK M 28 A-Chik National Congress(Democratic)

4 ARLENE N. SANGMA F 53 Independent

S16 1 MZ MIZORAM 16-Apr-09 1 LALAWMPUIA CHHANGTE M 42 Nationalist Congress Party

2 C.L.RUALA M 72 Indian National Congress

3 DR. H. LALLUNGMUANA M 65 Independent

4 RUALPAWLA M 54 Independent

S17 1 NL NAGALAND 16-Apr-09 1 K. ASUNGBA SANGTAM M 62 Indian National Congress

2 C.M. CHANG M 65 Nagaland Peoples Front

3 DR. RILANTHUNG ODYUO M 39 All India Trinamool Congress

S18 1 OR BARGARH 16-Apr-09 1 RADHARANI PANDA F 48 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 SANJAY BHOI M 35 Indian National Congress

3 SUNIL KUMAR AGRAWAL M 37 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 DR. HAMID HUSSAIN M 54 Biju Janata Dal

5 NILADRI BEHARI PANDA M 29 Kosal Kranti Dal

6 SURENDRA KUMAR AGRAWAL M 37 Independent

S18 2 OR SUNDARGARH 16-Apr-09 1 JUAL ORAM M 48 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 JEROM DUNGDUNG M 39 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 LIVNUS KINDO M 64 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha

4 SALOMI MINZ F 48 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

5 HEMANANDA BISWAL M 67 Indian National Congress

6 RAMA CHANDRA EKKA M 61 Jharkhand Disom Party

7 SAGAR SING MANKEE M 60 Kosal Kranti Dal

8 DALESWAR MAJHI M 58 Independent

9 MANSID EKKA M 63 Independent

S18 3 OR SAMBALPUR 16-Apr-09 1 AMARNATH PRADHAN M 51 Indian National Congress

2 GOBINDA RAM AGARWAL M 59 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 ROHIT PUJARI M 35 Biju Janata Dal

4 SURENDRA LATH M 59 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 ASHOK KUMAR NAIK M 53 Kosal Kranti Dal

6 BIJAYA KUMAR MAHANANDA M 35 Republican Party of India

7 MD. ALI HUSSAIN M 37 Independent

S18 10 OR BOLANGIR 16-Apr-09 1 KALIKESH NARAYAN SINGH DEO M 34 Biju Janata Dal

2 NARASINGHA MISHRA M 68 Indian National Congress

3 BALHAN SAGAR M 51 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 SANGITA KUMARI SINGH DEO F 47 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 DINGAR KUMBHAR M 41 Samruddha Odisha

S18 11 OR KALAHANDI 16-Apr-09 1 NAKULA MAJHI M 66 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 BIKRAM KESHARI DEO M 57 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 BHAKTA CHARAN DAS M 52 Indian National Congress

4 SUBASH CHANDRA NAYAK M 62 Biju Janata Dal

5 PARAMESWAR KAND M 47 Samajwadi Party

6 BALARAM HOTA M 33 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

7 DAMBARUDHARA SUNANI M 34 Independent

8 MAHESWAR BHOI M 36 Independent

S18 12 OR NABARANGPUR 16-Apr-09 1 CHANDRADHWAJ MAJHI M 49 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 DOMBURU MAJHI M 68 Biju Janata Dal

3 PARSURAM MAJHI M 49 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 PRADEEP KUMAR MAJHI M 33 Indian National Congress

S18 13 OR KANDHAMAL 16-Apr-09 1 ASHOK SAHU M 57 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 PAULA BALIARSING M 52 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 RUDRAMADHAB RAY M 71 Biju Janata Dal

4 SUZIT KUMAR PADHI M 49 Indian National Congress

5 NAKUL NAYAK M 46 Samajwadi Party

6 AJIT KUMAR NAYAK M 26 Independent

7 KAMALA KANTA PANDEY M 64 Independent

8 GHORABANA BEHERA M 42 Independent

9 DEENABANDHU NAIK M 45 Independent

S18 19 OR ASKA 16-Apr-09 1 NITYANANDA PRADHAN M 65 Biju Janata Dal

2 RAMACHANDRA RATH M 63 Indian National Congress

3 SHANTI DEVI F 71 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 KRISHNA DALABEHERA M 43 Kalinga Sena

5 BIJAYA KUMAR MAHAPATRO M 56 Revolutionary Socialist Party

6 SURJYA NARAYAN SAHU M 37 Samruddha Odisha

7 KALICHARAN NAYAK M 53 Independent

8 DEBASIS MISRA M 48 Independent

9 K. SHYAM BABU SUBUDHI M 73 Independent

S18 20 OR BERHAMPUR 16-Apr-09 1 CHANDRA SEKHAR SAHU M 58 Indian National Congress

2 PABITRA GAMANGO M 35 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 BHARAT PAIK M 50 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 SIDHANT MAHAPATRA M 42 Biju Janata Dal

5 NIRAKAR BEHERA M 35 Kalinga Sena

6 ALI RAZA ZIADI M 30 Independent

7 KISHORE CHANDRA MAHARANA M 61 Independent

8 A. RAGHUNATH VARMA M 71 Independent

9 K. SHYAM BABU SUBUDHI M 73 Independent

S18 21 OR KORAPUT 16-Apr-09 1 UPENDRA MAJHI M 29 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 GIRIDHAR GAMANG M 56 Indian National Congress

3 JAYARAM PANGI M 53 Biju Janata Dal

4 PAPANNA MUTIKA M 65 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 KUMUDINI DISARI F 34 Samruddha Odisha

6 MEGHANADA SABAR M 40 Communist Party of India(Marxist-Leninist)(Liberation)

S24 63 UP MAHARAJGANJ 16-Apr-09 1 AJEET MANI M 41 Samajwadi Party

2 GANESH SHANKER PANDEY M 51 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 PANKAJ CHAUDHARY M 38 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 HARSH VARDHAN M 61 Indian National Congress

5 ABDWURRUF ANSARI M 45 National Lokhind Party

6 PAWAN KUMAR M 39 Republican Party of India (A)

7 RAM KISHUN NISHAD M 52 Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

8 SATYA NARAYAN URF SATNARAYAN M 58 Bharatiya Eklavya Party

9 OMPRAKASH CHATURVEDI M 63 Independent

10 DILIP KUMAR M 28 Independent

11 RAM NIVAS M 37 Independent

12 LAL BIHARI M 42 Independent

13 CHAUDHARY SANJAY SINGH PATEL M 29 Independent

14 SHYAM SUNDER DAS CHAURASIA M 28 Independent

15 HANUMAN M 51 Independent

S24 64 UP GORAKHPUR 16-Apr-09 1 ADITYANATH M 36 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 MANOJ TIWARI MRIDUL M 39 Samajwadi Party

3 LALCHAND NISHAD M 67 Indian National Congress

4 VINAY SHANKAR TIWARI M 41 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 AMAN M 35 Ambedkar Samaj Party

6 JOKHAN PRASAD M 46 Eklavya Samaj Party

7 DAYASHANKAR NISHAD M 38 Apna Dal

8 RAJBAHADUR M 28 Indian Justice Party

9 RAJMANI M 46 Bharatiya Eklavya Party

10 RAJESH SAHANI M 44 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

11 SRINATH M 29 Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

12 AJAY KUMAR M 40 Independent

13 AWADHESH SINGH M 32 Independent

14 OMPRAKASH SINGH M 43 Independent

15 GOVIND M 43 Independent

16 CHHEDILAL M 59 Independent

17 NIRANJAN PRASAD M 35 Independent

18 NEERAJ YADAV M 31 Independent

19 DR. BRIJESH MANI TRIPATHI M 44 Independent

20 MANOJ TIWARI M 30 Independent

21 RAKESH KUMAR M 38 Independent

22 RAJAN YADAV M.B.A. M 31 Independent

23 RAMHIT NISHAD M 53 Independent

24 LAL BAHADUR M 68 Independent

25 VINOD SHUKLA M 29 Independent

26 HARISHCHANDRA M 42 Independent

S24 65 UP KUSHI NAGAR 16-Apr-09 1 BRAMHA SHANKER M 56 Samajwadi Party

2 KU. RATANJEET PRATAP NARAYAN SINGH M 45 Indian National Congress

3 VIJAY DUBEY M 41 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 SWAMI PRASAD MAURYA M 54 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 ANIL M 43 Republican Party of India (A)

6 KISHOR KUMAR M 40 Indian Peace Party

7 K KUMAR M 56 Purvanchal Rajya Banao Dal

8 JANGI M 55 Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

9 DHEERAJ SHEKHAR SHRIWASTAWA M 49 Rashtriya Lokwadi Party

10 BABU LAL M 40 Bharatiya Republican Paksha

11 MATIULLAH M 43 National Lokhind Party

12 MADAN LAL M 46 Maulik Adhikar Party

13 AMEERUDDIN M 31 Independent

14 JAGDISH M 57 Independent

15 JAI GOVIND M 35 Independent

16 DAROGA M 37 Independent

17 RAMESH M 35 Independent

18 RAM BRIKSH M 54 Independent

S24 66 UP DEORIA 16-Apr-09 1 GORAKH PRASAD JAISWAL M 72 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 BALESHWAR YADAV M 55 Indian National Congress

3 MOHAN SINGH M 58 Samajwadi Party

4 SHRI PRAKASH MANI TRIPATHI M 64 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 GANGA PRASAD KUSHWAHA M 70 Purvanchal Rajya Banao Dal

6 JAGDISH KUMAR VERMA M 36 Lokpriya Samaj Party

7 DHARMENDRA KUMAR M 33 Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

8 MOTI LAL KUSHWAHA SHASTRI M 59 Rashtriya Samanta Dal

9 SAFAYAT ALI M 51 Peace Party

10 SARITA F 27 Ambedkar Samaj Party

11 RAM KISHOR YADAV ALIAS VIDHAYAK M 51 Independent

12 VIJAY JUAATHA M 42 Independent

S24 67 UP BANSGAON 16-Apr-09 1 KAMLESH PASWAN M 33 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 MAHA BEER PRASAD M 66 Indian National Congress

3 SHARADA DEVI F 59 Samajwadi Party

4 SHREE NATH JI M 58 Bahujan Samaj Party

5 CHANDRIKA M 29 Rashtriya Jan-vadi Party (Krantikari)

6 RAMA SHANKER M 37 Peace Party

7 RAM PRAVESH PRASAD M 37 Eklavya Samaj Party

8 HARILAL M 32 Bahujan Uday Manch

9 KU. KUNJAWATI F 36 Independent

10 MANOJ KUMAR M 29 Independent

11 RADHEYSHYAM M 35 Independent

12 RAMKAWAL M 56 Independent

13 RAMSAKAL M 32 Independent

14 RAMA PASWAN M 33 Independent

15 VINAI KUMAR M 33 Independent

S24 68 UP LALGANJ 16-Apr-09 1 DAROGA PRASAD SAROJ M 60 Samajwadi Party

2 NEELAM SONKAR F 33 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 DR. BALIRAM M 56 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 HAREE PRASAD SONKER M 50 Communist Party of India

5 MANBHAWAN M 32 Bharatiya Republican Paksha

6 RAM DAYAL ALIAS MOHAN M 32 Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

7 ACHCHHELAL M 42 Independent

8 URMILA DEVI F 27 Independent

9 CHANDRA RAM ALIAS CHANDU SAROJ M 36 Independent

10 DHARMRAJ M 55 Independent

11 SUKHNAYAN M 29 Independent

S24 69 UP AZAMGARH 16-Apr-09 1 AKBAR AHMAD DUMPY M 57 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 ARUN KUMAR SINGH M 63 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

3 DURGA PRASAD YADAV M 56 Samajwadi Party

4 RAMAKANT YADAV M 49 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 SANTOSH KUMAR SINGH M 49 Indian National Congress

6 JAI JAI RAM PRAJAPATI M 36 Lokpriya Samaj Party

7 RAM BHAROS M 34 Bahujan Uday Manch

8 VINOD M 33 Janvadi Party(Socialist)

9 USMANA FARUQEE F 27 Independent

10 KEDAR NATH GIRI M 49 Independent

11 KHAIRUL BASHAR M 56 Independent

12 DR. JAVED AKHTAR M 54 Independent

13 DAAN BAHADUR YADAV M 54 Independent

14 YADUNATH M 31 Independent

15 RAM UJAGIR M 45 Independent

16 RAM SINGH M 35 Independent

S24 70 UP GHOSI 16-Apr-09 1 ATUL KUMAR SINGH ANJAN M 55 Communist Party of India

2 ARSHAD JAMAL ANSARI M 43 Samajwadi Party

3 DARA SINGH CHAUHAN M 50 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 RAM IQBAL M 49 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 SUDHA RAI F 54 Indian National Congress

6 AKHILESH M 43 Janvadi Party(Socialist)

7 KAILASH YADAV M 46 Peace Party

8 RAMESH ALIAS RAJU SINGH M 41 Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

9 RAM BADAN KAUL M 60 Bahujan Shakty

10 LALJI RAJBHAR M 44 Bharatiya Samaj Dal

11 HARISH CHANDRA M 62 Rashtriya Jan-vadi Party (Krantikari)

12 ASHOK KUMAR M 27 Independent

13 ZAKIR HUSSAIN M 45 Independent

14 PALAKDHARI M 41 Independent

15 RAKESH M 34 Independent

16 SUJIT KUMAR M 34 Independent

S24 71 UP SALEMPUR 16-Apr-09 1 DR. BHOLA PANDEY M 55 Indian National Congress

2 RAMASHANKAR RAJBHAR M 48 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 HARIKEWAL M 71 Samajwadi Party

4 IZHAR M 48 Peace Party

5 ZUBAIR M 39 Nelopa(United)

6 JANG BAHADUR M 50 Bharatiya Samaj Dal

7 FATE BAHADUR M 35 Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

8 RAVISHANKAR SINGH “PAPPU” M 38 Janata Dal (United)

9 RAMCHARAN M 72 People’s Democratic Front

10 RAMDAYAL M 57 Janvadi Party(Socialist)

11 RAMNAWAMI YADAV M 37 Samajwadi Jan Parishad

12 RAMASHRAY CHAUHAN M 55 Moderate Party

13 SRIRAM M 50 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

14 HARISHCHAND M 48 Eklavya Samaj Party

15 AMEER M 53 Independent

16 PARASURAM M 56 Independent

17 FULENDRA M 40 Independent

18 MAN JI M 50 Independent

19 MAHESH M 70 Independent

20 RAJENDRA ALIAS RAJAN M 33 Independent

21 VINDHACHAL M 44 Independent

22 SHAILENDRA M 36 Independent

23 SATISH M 37 Independent

24 SARVDAMAN M 26 Independent

25 SANJAY M 36 Independent

S24 72 UP BALLIA 16-Apr-09 1 NEERAJ SHEKHAR M 40 Samajwadi Party

2 MANOJ SINHA M 50 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 SANGRAM SINGH YADAV M 48 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 ARVIND KUMAR GOND M 30 Gondvana Gantantra Party

5 KANHAIYA PRAJAPATI M 44 Rashtriya Samanta Dal

6 NARAYAN RAJBHAR M 32 Bharatiya Samaj Dal

7 RAJESH M 40 Janvadi Party(Socialist)

8 RAMSAKAL M 48 Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

9 ANANT M 36 Independent

10 GANGADYAL M 48 Independent

11 DIWAKAR M 38 Independent

12 RAMJI M 49 Independent

13 LALBABU M 36 Independent

14 SHESHNATH M 40 Independent

15 SHANKER RAM RAWAT M 43 Independent

16 HARIHAR M 73 Independent

S24 74 UP MACHHLISHAHR 16-Apr-09 1 KAMLA KANT GAUTAM (K.K. GAUTAM) M 66 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 TUFANI SAROJ M 48 Samajwadi Party

3 RAJ BAHADUR M 66 Indian National Congress

4 VIDYASAGAR SONKER M 48 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 KRISHNA SEWAK SONKER M 48 Janvadi Party(Socialist)

6 RAM CHARITRA M 41 Apna Dal

7 VIJAYEE RAM M 38 Ambedkar Samaj Party

8 SHEOMURAT RAM M 71 Gondvana Gantantra Party

9 SUKHRAJ DINKAR M 51 Rashtriya Swabhimaan Party

10 SUSHMA F 29 Rashtriya Agraniye Dal

11 DINESH KUMAR M 31 Independent

12 BALJIT M 59 Independent

13 RAM DAWAR GAUTAM M 41 Independent

14 VINOD KUMAR M 40 Independent

15 SHYAM BIHARI KANNAUJIYA M 39 Independent

16 SOHAN M 46 Independent

S24 75 UP GHAZIPUR 16-Apr-09 1 AFZAL ANSARI M 55 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 PRABHUNATH M 48 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 RADHEY MOHAN SINGH M 43 Samajwadi Party

4 SURAJ RAM BAGI M 52 Communist Party of India

5 ISHWARI PRASAD KUSHAWAHA M 48 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)

6 DINESH M 42 Rashtriya Samanta Dal

7 NANDLAL M 67 Ambedkar Samaj Party

8 SHYAM NARAYAN M 54 Rashtravadi Aarthik Swatantrata Dal

9 SATISH SHANKAR JAISAWAL M 28 National Lokhind Party

10 SARAJU M 67 Lok Dal

11 SURENDRA M 43 Janvadi Party(Socialist)

12 ANIL M 32 Independent

13 ASHOK (DR.ASHOK KUMAR SRIVASTAVA) M 54 Independent

14 BRAJENDRA NATH URF BIJENDRA M 66 Independent

15 RAJESH M 37 Independent

S24 76 UP CHANDAULI 16-Apr-09 1 KAILASH NATH SINGH YADAV M 46 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 JAWAHAR LAL JAISAWAL M 51 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 RAMKISHUN M 49 Samajwadi Party

4 SHAILENDRA KUMAR M 40 Indian National Congress

5 CHANDRASHEKHAR M 34 Republican Party of India

6 JAWAHIR M 48 Pragatisheel Manav Samaj Party

7 JOKHU M 45 Peoples Democratic Forum

8 TULASI M 42 Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party

9 RAJNATH M 35 Bharatiya Republican Paksha

10 RAJESH SINGH M 27 Kranti Kari Jai Hind Sena

11 RAMAWATAR SHARMA ADVOCATE M 38 Maulik Adhikar Party

12 RAMSEWAK YADAV M 46 Rashtriya Lokhit Party

13 LALLAN M 49 Indian Justice Party

14 SURENDRA PRATAP M 36 Jai Bharat Samanta Party

15 DEVAROO M 40 Independent

16 MUNNI LAL M 66 Independent

17 SURAFARAJ AHMAD M 29 Independent

18 HARI LAL M 52 Independent

S24 77 UP VARANASI 16-Apr-09 1 AJAY RAI M 36 Samajwadi Party

2 MUKHTAR ANSARI M 49 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 DR. MURLI MANOHAR JOSHI M 73 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 DR. RAJESH KUMAR MISHRA M 48 Indian National Congress

5 AWADHESH KUMAR KUSHWAHA M 43 Rashtriya Samanta Dal

6 USHA SINGH F 45 Rashtriya Agraniye Dal

7 KISHUN LAL M 59 Indian Justice Party

8 VIJAY PRAKASH JAISWAL M 43 Apna Dal

9 ER. SHYAM LAL VISHWAKARMA M 61 Maulik Adhikar Party

10 ANAND KUMAR AMBASTHA M 36 Independent

11 NARENDRA NATH DUBEY ADIG M 36 Independent

12 PARVEZ QUADIR KHAN M 38 Independent

13 PUSHP RAJ SAHU M 47 Independent

14 RAJESH BHARTI M 33 Independent

15 SATYA PRAKASH SRIVASTAVA M 37 Independent

S24 79 UP MIRZAPUR 16-Apr-09 1 ANIL KUMAR MAURYA M 37 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 ANURAG SINGH M 42 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 BAL KUMAR PATEL M 48 Samajwadi Party

4 RAMESH DUBEY M 66 Indian National Congress

5 AJAY SHANKER M 33 Gondwana Mukti Sena

6 KAILASH M 48 Bahujan Shakty

7 KHELADI M 58 Gondvana Gantantra Party

8 JAGDISH M 49 Apna Dal

9 PREM CHAND M 45 Pragatisheel Manav Samaj Party

10 RADHE SHYAM M 58 Bharatiya Republican Paksha

11 LALJI M 48 Rashtriya Agraniye Dal

12 LALTI DEVI F 54 Vikas Party

13 SHANKAR M 38 Communist Party of India(Marxist-Leninist)(Liberation)

14 SHYAM LAL M 41 Eklavya Samaj Party

15 MOHD. SAGIR M 41 National Loktantrik Party

16 TRILOK NATH VERMA M 61 Indian Justice Party

17 ANOOP KUMAR M 34 Independent

18 KRISHNA CHAND M 40 Independent

19 KRISHNA CHAND SHUKLA M 40 Independent

20 CHHABEELE M 41 Independent

21 DANGAR M 52 Independent

22 DULARI F 61 Independent

23 MANIK CHAND M 37 Independent

24 MUNNA LAL M 34 Independent

25 RAM GOPAL M 53 Independent

26 RAM RAJ M 37 Independent

27 HANS KUMAR M 37 Independent

S24 80 UP ROBERTSGANJ 16-Apr-09 1 PAKAURI LAL M 57 Samajwadi Party

2 RAM ADHAR JOSEPH M 43 Indian National Congress

3 RAM CHANDRA TYAGI M 54 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 RAM SHAKAL M 47 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 GULAB M 31 Peoples Democratic Forum

6 CHANDRA SHEKHAR M 34 Janvadi Party(Socialist)

7 MUNNI DEVI F 42 Rashtriya Samanta Dal

8 RAMESH KUMAR M 31 Apna Dal

9 SHRAWAN KUMAR M 41 Rashtrawadi Sena

10 RAMBRIKSHA M 39 Independent

S26 1 CG SARGUJA 16-Apr-09 1 DHAN SINGH DHURVE M 38 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 BAL SINGH M 38 Communist Party of India (Marxist)

3 BHANU PRATAP SINGH M 42 Indian National Congress

4 MURARILAL SINGH M 49 Bharatiya Janata Party

5 ANOOP MINJ M 28 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha

6 KUMAIT B.D.O. M 64 Janata Dal (United)

7 BHUPNATH SINGH MARAVI M 43 Gondvana Gantantra Party

8 RAMDEO LAKRA M 32 Chhattisgarh Vikas Party

9 RAMNATH CHERWA M 36 Shoshit Samaj Dal

10 SOMNATH BHAGAT M 46 Lok Jan Shakti Party

11 AMRIT SINGH MARAVI M 35 Independent

12 JUGESHWAR M 29 Independent

13 DHANESHWAR SINGH M 39 Independent

14 SARJU XESS ORANW M 43 Independent

15 SUNIL KUMAR SINGH KANHARE M 27 Independent

16 SURAJ DEO SINGH KHAIRWAR M 35 Independent

S26 2 CG RAIGARH 16-Apr-09 1 BAHADUR SINGH RATHIA M 57 Bahujan Samaj Party

2 VISHNU DEO SAI M 45 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 HRIDAYARAM RATHIYA M 43 Indian National Congress

4 DARSHAN SIDAR M 32 Gondvana Gantantra Party

5 MEERA DEVI SINGH TIRKEY F 39 Chhattisgarh Vikas Party

6 SHIRACHAND EKKA M 29 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha

7 AMRIT TIRKEY M 30 Independent

8 KAMRISH SINGH GOND M 59 Independent

9 SANJAY TIRKEY M 29 Independent

10 HALDHAR RAM SIDAR M 42 Independent

S26 3 CG JANJGIR-CHAMPA 16-Apr-09 1 SHRIMATI KAMLA DEVI PATLE F 43 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 DAURAM RATNAKAR M 51 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 DR.SHIVKUMAR DAHARIYA M 45 Indian National Congress

4 B.R. CHAUHAN M 59 Republican Party of India (A)

5 NEELKANTH WARE M 59 Chhattisgarhi Samaj Party

6 PREM SHANKAR MAHILANGE URF PREM INDIA M 39 Lok Jan Shakti Party

7 SANJEEV KUMAR KHARE M 26 Chhattisgarh Vikas Party

8 ANANDRAM GILHARE M 35 Independent

9 CHAITRAM SURYAVANSHI M 62 Independent

10 DR.CHHAVILAL RATRE M 55 Independent

11 MAYARAM NAT M 50 Independent

12 RAMCHARAN PRADHAN ADHIWAKTA M 51 Independent

S26 4 CG KORBA 16-Apr-09 1 KARUNA SHUKLA F 59 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 CHARANDAS MAHANT M 54 Indian National Congress

3 VIJAY LAXMI SHARMA F 41 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 KEDARNATH RAJWADE M 28 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha

5 CHAITI DEVI MAHANT F 49 Chhattisgarhi Samaj Party

6 BUDHWAR SINGH UIKEY M 34 Rashtriya Gondvana Party

7 DR. VIPIN SINHA M 40 Chhattisgarh Vikas Party

8 SANGEETA NIRMALKAR F 32 Bharatiya Pichhra Dal

9 HIRASINGH MARKAAM M 74 Gondvana Gantantra Party

10 GEND DAS MAHANT M 35 Independent

11 CHARAN DAS M 25 Independent

12 PAWAN KUMAR M 38 Independent

13 FULESHWAR PRASAD SURJAIHA M 75 Independent

14 RAMDAYAL ORAON M 49 Independent

15 RAMLAKHAN KASHI M 68 Independent

16 SHAMBHU PRASAD SHARMA ADHIWAKTA M 62 Independent

17 SATRUPA F 37 Independent

18 SANTOSH BANJARE M 25 Independent

S26 5 CG BILASPUR 16-Apr-09 1 DILIP SINGH JUDEV M 60 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 ADVOCATE T.R.NIRALA M 42 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 DR.RENU JOGI F 56 Indian National Congress

4 UTTAM PRASAD DANSENA M 27 Sunder Samaj Party

5 DR.GOJU PAUL M 40 Republican Party of India (A)

6 DR.BALMUKUND SINGH MARAVI M 41 Gondvana Gantantra Party

7 BALARAM SAHU M 46 Bharatiya Pichhra Dal

8 MUKESH KUMAR SAHU M 32 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha

9 SAPNA CHAKRABORTY F 37 Lok Jan Shakti Party

10 ARJUN SHRIVAS GANGUAA M 63 Independent

11 ANUJ DHRITLAHRE M 34 Independent

12 ABDUL HAMID SIDDIQUE M 43 Independent

13 ASHOK SHRIVASTAVA M 37 Independent

14 UMESH SINGH M 31 Independent

15 TUKLAL GARG M 40 Independent

16 DAYA DAS LAHRE M 65 Independent

17 DR.DAYA RAM DAYAL M 60 Independent

18 DILIP KUMAR M 30 Independent

19 DILIP GUPTA M 38 Independent

20 DILIP SINGH M 41 Independent

21 MANOJ KUMAR BIRKO M 34 Independent

22 RAMESH AHUJA M 43 Independent

23 RAMESH KUMAR LAHARE M 36 Independent

24 RAJENDRA SAHU M 29 Independent

25 RAJESH PRATAP M 32 Independent

26 RAMBILAS SHARMA M 52 Independent

27 B.P.VISWAKARMA M 57 Independent

28 SHYAM BIHARI TRIVEDI M 56 Independent

S26 6 CG RAJNANDGAON 16-Apr-09 1 DEVWRAT SINGH M 39 Indian National Congress

2 PRADHUMAN NETAM M 32 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 MADHUSUDAN YADAV M 38 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 GANGARAM NISHAD M 48 Eklavya Samaj Party

5 NARAD KHOTHALIYA M 48 Chhattisgarh Vikas Party

6 AJAY JAISWAL M 35 Independent

7 AJAY PALI M 32 Independent

8 JALAL MOHAMMAD QURESHI M 45 Independent

9 DERHARAM LODHI M 37 Independent

10 DILIP RATHOR SAMPADAK M 40 Independent

11 BHAG CHAND VAIDHYA M 48 Independent

12 MADAN YADAV M 34 Independent

13 MANGAL DAS BANGARE M 52 Independent

14 D.R.YADAV PRACHARYA M 66 Independent

S26 7 CG DURG 16-Apr-09 1 PRADEEP CHOUBEY M 55 Indian National Congress

2 RAGHUNANDAN SAHU M 34 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 SAROJ PANDEY F 40 Bharatiya Janata Party

4 DEVIDAS KURRE M 43 Chandigarh Vikas Party

5 DR. PANKAJ GOSOMI (PANDIT) M 37 Republican Party of India

6 ANAND GAUTAM M 35 Independent

7 TARACHAND SAHU M 30 Independent

8 TARACHAND SAHU M 66 Independent

9 TARACHAND SAHU M 62 Independent

10 MASOOD KHAN M 43 Independent

11 RATAN KUMAR KSHETRAPAL M 61 Independent

12 RAJENDRA KUMAR SAHU M 38 Independent

13 LAXMAN PRASAD M 31 Independent

14 GURU DADA LOKESH MAHARAJ M 56 Independent

15 SHITKARAN MHILWAR M 40 Independent

S26 8 CG RAIPUR 16-Apr-09 1 BHUPESH BAGHEL M 47 Indian National Congress

2 RAMESH BAIS M 61 Bharatiya Janata Party

3 VIDHYADEVI SAHU F 54 Bahujan Samaj Party

4 ER. ASHOK TAMRAKAR M 56 Jai Chhattisgarh Party

5 IMRRAN PASHA M 33 Loktantrik Samajwadi Party

6 P.R. KHUNTE M 54 Chhattisgarh Vikas Party

7 MADHUSUDAN MISHRA M 49 Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha

8 SHAILENDRA BANJARE (SHAKTIPUTRA) M 34 Shakti Sena (Bharat Desh)

9 SHANKAR LAL VARANDANI M 45 Pyramid Party of India

10 HARGUN MEGHWANI M 56 Akhil Bhartiya Sindhu Samajwadi Party

11 ARUN HARPAL M 35 Independent

12 JAFAR HUSSAIN, BABABHAI (PURVA MUTVALLI) M 57 Independent

13 MOH. JILANI ALIAS TANI M 30 Independent

14 NAND KISHOR DEEP M 48 Independent

15 NARESH BHISHMDEV DHIDHI M 31 Independent

16 NAVIN GUPTA M 35 Independent

17 NARAD NISHAD M 33 Independent

18 PRAVEEN JAIN M 44 Independent

19 BHARAT BHUSHAN PANDEY M 45 Independent

20 MATHURA PRASAD TANDON M 42 Independent

21 YASHWANT SAHU M 35 Independent

22 RAJENDRA KUMAR SAHU M 38 Independent

23 RAJENDRA SINGH THAKUR (ADVOCATE) M 34 Independent

24 RAMKRISHNA VERMA M 49 Independent

25 RAMCHARAN YADAV M 33 Independent

26 SHOBHARAM GILHARE M 38 Independent

27 SIYARAM DHRITLAHARE M 34 Independent

28 SMT. SUSIL BAI BANJARE F 36 Independent

29 SYED RASHID ALI M 62 Independent

30 SANJAY BAGHEL M 29 Independent

31 HAIDAR BHATI M 38 Independent

32 SHRIKANT KASER M 41 Independent

S26 9 CG MAHASAMUND 16-Apr-09 1 CHANDULAL SAHU (CHANDU BHAIYA) M 49 Bharatiya Janata Party

2 MOTILAL M 44 Bahujan Samaj Party

3 MOTILAL SAHU M 44 Indian National Congress

4 DR. ANAND MATAWALE (GURUJI) M 38 Lok Bharati

5 KIRAN KUMAR DHRUW M 44 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha

6 BAUDDH KUMAR KAUSHIK M 37 Chhattisgarh Vikas Party

7 DR. LATA MARKAM F 26 Republican Party of India (A)

8 SHRIDHAR CHANDRAKAR (PATEL)�

Bibliography, Books, Public Lectures, Memoranda, Memoirs

Some Recent Work

My Recent Tweets

Index of Names and Subjects

[See also “I’m on my way out”: Siddhartha Shankar Ray (1920-2010)…An Economist’s Tribute”; “Rajiv Gandhi and the Origins of India’s 1991 Economic Reform”; “Three Memoranda to Rajiv Gandhi 1990-1991″

Contents

Part I: Facts vs Fiction, Flattery, Falsification, etc

1. Problem

2. Rajiv Gandhi, Siddhartha Shankar Ray, Milton Friedman & Myself

3. Jagdish Bhagwati & Manmohan Singh? That just don’t fly!

4. Amartya Sen’s Half-Baked Communism: “To each according to his need”?

Part II: India’s Right Road Forward Now: Some Thoughtful Analysis for Grown Ups

5. Transcending a Left-Right/Congress-BJP Divide in Indian Politics

6. Budgeting Military & Foreign Policy

7. Solving the Kashmir Problem & Relations with Pakistan

8. Dealing with Communist China

9. Towards Coherence in Public Accounting, Public Finance & Public Decision-Making

10. India’s Money: Towards Currency Integrity at Home & Abroad

Part I: Facts vs Fiction, Flattery, Falsification, etc

1. Problem

Arvind Panagariya says in the Times of India of 27 July 2013

“…if in 1991 India embraced many of the Track-I reforms, writings by Sen played no role in it… The intellectual origins of the reforms are to be found instead in the writings of Bhagwati, both solely and jointly with Padma Desai and T N Srinivasan….”

Now Amartya Sen has not claimed involvement in the 1991 economic reforms so we are left with Panagariya claiming

“The intellectual origins of the reforms are to be found instead in the writings of Bhagwati…”

Should we suppose Professor Panagariya’s master and co-author Jagdish Bhagwati himself substantially believes and claims the same? Three recent statements from Professor Bhagwati suffice by way of evidence:

(A) Bhagwati said to parliamentarians in the Lok Sabha on 2 December 2010 about the pre-1991 situation:

(B) Bhagwati said to Economic Times on 28 July 2013:

(C) And Bhagwati said in Business Standard of 9 August 2013:

Bhagwati’s opponent in current debate, Amartya Sen, has been in agreement with him that Manmohan, their common friend during college days at Cambridge in the 1950s, was a principal originating the 1991 reforms, saying to Forbes in 2006:

“When Manmohan Singh came to office in the early 1990s as the newly appointed finance minister, in a government led by the Congress Party, he knew these problems well enough, as someone who had been strongly involved in government administration for a long time.”

You can decide for yourself where the truth, ever such an elusive and fragile thing, happens to be and what is best done about it. Here is some evidence.

2. Rajiv Gandhi, Siddhartha Shankar Ray, Milton Friedman & Myself

Professor Arvind Panagariya is evidently an American economics professor of Indian national origin who holds the Jagdish Bhagwati Chair of Indian Political Economy at Columbia University. I am afraid I had not known his name until he mentioned my name in Economic Times of 24 October 2001. He said

In mentioning the volume “edited by Subroto Roy and William E James”, Professor Panagariya did not appear to find the normal scientific civility to identify our work by name, date or publisher. So here that is now:

In 1981-1982 my doctoral thesis emerged, titled “On liberty & economic growth: preface to a philosophy for India”,

The Times had said

I felt there were inaccuracies in this and so replied dated 4 June which The Times published on 16 June 1984:

I published Milton’s document for the first time on 21 May 1989 at the conference of the Hawaii project over the loud objection of assorted leftists…

Manmohan Singh was not there as he precisely represented the Indian economic policy establishment I had been determined to reform! In any case, he had left India about 1987 on his last assignment before retirement, with Julius Nyerere of Tanzania relating to the “South-South Commission”.

Besides, and most important of all, neither Bhagwati nor Sen had done work in the areas we were centrally interested in, namely, India’s macroeconomic and foreign trade framework and fiscal and monetary policies.

Bhagwati, after his excellent 1970 work with Padma Desai for the OECD on Indian industry and trade, also co-authored with TN Srinivasan a fine 1975 volume for the NBER Foreign Trade Regimes and Economic Development: India.

Along with Milton Friedman’s suppressed 1955 memorandum which I was publishing for the first time in 1989, TN Srinivasan and Amaresh Bagchi authored the three main economic policy chapters that we felt we wanted.

Milton himself said this about his experience with me in his memoirs:

And Milton wrote on my behalf when I came to be attacked, being Indian, at the very University that had sponsored us:

In August 1990 in Delhi I came to tell Siddhartha Shankar Ray about the unpublished India-manuscript resulting from the Hawaii project that was in my possession as it headed to its publisher.

Ray was involved in daily political parlays at his Delhi home with other Congress Party personages led by PV Narasimha Rao. These senior regional figures seemed to me to be keeping their national leader, Rajiv Gandhi, aloof in splendid isolation at 10 Jan Path.

“Congress manifesto was written on his computer”.

This was accurate enough to the extent that the 22 March 1991 draft as asked for by Rajiv and that came to explicitly affect policy had been and remains on my then-new NEC laptop.

On 28 December 2009, Rajiv’s widow in an official Congress Party statement finally declared her late husband

“left his personal imprint on the (Congress) party’s manifesto of 1991.″

Siddhartha Shankar Ray and I met last in July 2009, when I gave him a copy of this 2005 volume I had created, which pleased him much.

“I will call her and her people to a meeting here so you can meet them and tell them that directly”.

It never transpired. In our last phone conversation I mentioned to him my plans of creating a Public Policy Institute — an idea he immediately and fully endorsed as being essential though adding “I can’t be part of it, I’m on my way out”.

“I’m on my way out”. That was Siddhartha Shankar Ray — always intelligent, always good-humoured, always public-spirited, always a great Indian, my only friend among politicians other than the late Rajiv Gandhi himself.

3. Jagdish Bhagwati & Manmohan Singh? That just don’t fly!

Jagdish would have had to say yes, since not only had he received a copy of the proofs of my 1984 IEA work Pricing, Planning and Politics: A Study of Economic Distortions in India, he was kind enough to write in a letter dated 15 May 1984 that I had

“done an excellent job of setting out the problems afflicting our economic policies, unfortunately government-made problems!”

**(B) Bhagwati said to Economic Times on 28 July 2013:**

**(C) And Bhagwati said in Business Standard of 9 August 2013:**

**I felt there were inaccuracies in this and so replied dated 4 June which The Times published on 16 June 1984:**